JTLU Volume 3, No. 3 (2010)

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https://hdl.handle.net/11299/170170
Table of Contents:
  • Transport and Land Use in China: Introduction to the Special Issue, pp. 1-3
  • China Motorization Trends, pp. 5-25
  • Residential Location, Travel, and Energy Use in the Hangzhou Metropolitan Area, pp. 27-59
  • Compulsory Convenience? How Large Arterials and Land Use Affect Midblock Crossing in Fushun, China, pp. 61-82
  • Book Review: Country Driving: A Journey Through China From Farm to Factory, pp. 83-85
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      Transport and Land Use in China: Introduction to the Special Issue
      (Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2010) Zegras, Chris
      Perhaps no developing country better represents the challenges and opportunities posed by the forces of urbanization in this century than China. The country is undergoing a major demographic transition of rapid and intense urbanization. This issue of the Journal of Transport and Land Use offers a snapshot of the interactions between land use and transportation systems in China at three different scales of analysis.
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      China motorization trends: New directions for crowded cities
      (Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2010) Ng, Wei-Shiuen; Schipper, Lee; Chen, Yang
      This paper examines two major emerging constraints on transport in fast-growing Chinese urban cities: oil supply and urban infrastructure. The research considers automobile technology, alternative fuels, and mobility choices, as well as policy measures that could be adopted to reduce the use of oil for transport and greenhouse gas emissions. Three transport energy scenarios, “Road Ahead,” “Oil Saved,” and “Integrated Transport,” illustrate potential motorization trends given different policy, vehicle technology, alternative fuels, and driving-behavior assumptions. In the Integrated Transport scenario, where congestion and space constraints favor small and vehicles moving at slower speeds, gasoline and electric cars are the highest in use. Oil consumption in the Integrated Transport scenario is only 12 percent of its value in Road Ahead by 2020, while carbon emission is 79 percent lower. Policies such as vehicle technology and fuel requirements, while important, are not as crucial as integrated land use development, taxation of vehicle use, road pricing, and the prioritization of public and non-motorized transport that could trigger a world of fewer, smaller and more efficient cars. According to experiences around the world, fuel and carbon dioxide concerns alone are not strong enough to promote a change in the path of individual motorization.
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      Residential location, travel, and energy use in the Hangzhou Metropolitan Area
      (Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2010) Naess, Petter
      This paper presents the results of a study examining the influence of residential location on travel behavior in the Hangzhou Metropolitan Area, China. The location of the dwelling relative to the center hierarchy of the metropolitan area is found to exert a considerable influence on the travel behavior of the respondents. On average, living close to the center of Hangzhou contributes to less overall travel, a higher proportion of trips by bicycle and on foot, and lower consumption of energy for transport. The location of the dwelling relative to the closest second-order and third-order center also influences travel, but not to the same extent as proximity to the city center. These geographical differences in travel behavior are independent of residential preferences and of attitudes toward transport and environmental issues, and therefore cannot be explained by residential self-selection.
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      Compulsory convenience? How large arterials and land use affect midblock crossing in Fushun, China
      (Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2010) Tao, Wendy; Mehndiratta, Shomik; Deakin, Elizabeth
      This study focuses on how street design and land uses influence pedestrian behavior in a medium-sized Chinese city, Fushun. In cities throughout China, the change from workplace-managed and assigned housing to market housing has had profound effects on pedestrians. Coupled with motorization, pedestrian trips are increasingly external, pushed out of the protected space of the gated block and onto massive arterials that now carry automobiles, trucks, and buses in growing numbers. Long blocks, unenforced zebra crossings, and inadequate green time at traffic signals do not equitably accommodate those on foot; thus, pedestrians violate the system by crossing midblock. In Fushun, the long block lengths and large arterials, lack of enforcement, and unfavorable pedestrian policies creates an environment which incentivizes midblock crossing behavior.
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      Book Review: Country Driving: A Journey through China from Farm to Factory
      (Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2010) King, David
      Peter Hessler's book provides a valuable account of the central role played by the automobile in China’s ongoing urbanization.