Browsing by Subject "Transition"

Now showing 1 - 14 of 14

A case study of degree completion graduates' transition from technician to manager.
(2009-08) Dittmann, Wendy
This narrative case study sought to describe the experience of transition from technician to manager of graduates of a degree completion program at the University of Wisconsin Stout. It also sought to describe the career self-management practiced by these graduates that determined their current employment status. The research questions for this study asked, What is the experience of a graduate from the B.S. in Management from UW-Stout who made the transition from technician to manager? And How did the graduate direct career self-management? In seeking the answer to those questions 20 graduates of the degree completion program who had experienced the transition from technician to manager were interviewed. Site visits were made to the workplaces of two managers. University documents relating to the degree and its graduates were reviewed. The interview data was analyzed and the story of the managers' career self-direction and transition to manager was revealed. The graduates had embarked on a protean career, boundaryless as well. They moved from technical education to technical jobs. Once they decided to return to UW-Stout to earn a B.S. in Management (or Industrial Management) they explained why they entered a degree program and their expectations. They tell the story of being a working adult in college and how their decisions affected their lives. The managers studied here relate their experiences on the job hunt and on the job.
A Change of Perspective: The Pre-Graduate Expectations versus Post-College Experiences of Theatre Arts Majors
(2018-05) Darg, Julie
Though there has been a great deal of research on the transition into college, there has been relatively little research on the transition out of college. This is particularly true in relation to theatre arts majors. Though recent graduates face many challenges post-college, there has been minimal exploration done on how graduates experience discrepancies between their pre-graduate expectations formed in college versus their actual post-college experiences. This qualitative study sought to explore the post-college transition experiences of 20 recent theatre arts baccalaureates (12 males and 8 females) and the discrepancy between their pre-graduate expectations and post-college experiences based on Schlossberg’s Transition Theory (1984) as a conceptual model. This model posits the type of transition (non-event), and four coping resources (situation, support, self, and strategies) for managing individual transition experiences. The results of the study identified four primary themes which impacted the post-college experiences of the study participants: (a) Undergraduate Preparedness, (b) Career, Finances, and Other Factors, (c) Discrepancy between Pre-Graduate Expectations versus Post-College Experiences, and (d) Artist Identity. In addition, the results of the study revealed that each of the 20 participants encountered a discrepancy between their pre-graduate expectations versus post-college experiences. The results of the study provide support for adding a new dimension to Schlossberg’s Transition Theory model as it relates to a psychological response that occurs within an individual when they encounter a discrepancy between what they thought would happen after college and what actually occurred post-college. A micro-transition is the psychological “change of perspective” (COP) by an individual regarding the macro-transition experience that results from the realization of a discrepancy between expectations and actual experiences. Implications for this study address undergraduate programming, faculty preparation, and alumni and theater organizations to better prepare theatre arts baccalaureates for the transition to post-college life.
College Students' Use of Facebook During Their Transition to College: Mediated Belonging at a Small, Private, Liberal Arts College
(2015-05) Hart Ruthenbeck, Robin
This study explored the effects of participation in a targeted Facebook group on students' sense of belonging as they transitioned to a small, private liberal arts college. Data collected through a mixed-method design illuminated the impact of participation in a targeted Facebook group on participants' sense of belonging as they made the transition to college. Evidence from this study indicates that students' participation in a targeted Facebook group may impact students' sense of belonging in various ways. Additional data indicate that the ways students engage with Facebook, their motivation to engage, the frequency of engagement and value attributed to such interactions are fluid. The intersection between perceived value, frequency and type of Facebook suggest taxonomy of Facebook usage. Understanding different types of usage will aid institutions in managing social media presence and determining best ways to introduce and engage new members within their communities.
Computational study of hypersonic boundary layer stability on cones
(2012-12) Gronvall, Joel Edwin
Due to the complex nature of boundary layer laminar-turbulent transition in hypersonic flows and the resultant effect on the design of re-entry vehicles, there remains considerable interest in developing a deeper understanding of the underlying physics. To that end, the use of experimental observations and computational analysis in a complementary manner will provide the greatest insights. It is the intent of this work to provide such an analysis for two ongoing experimental investigations. . The first focuses on the hypersonic boundary layer transition experiments for a slender cone that are being conducted at JAXA’s free-piston shock tunnel HIEST facility. Of particular interest are the measurements of disturbance frequencies associated with transition at high enthalpies. The computational analysis provided for these cases included two-dimensional CFD mean flow solutions for use in boundary layer stability analyses. The disturbances in the boundary layer were calculated using the linear parabolized stability equations. Estimates for transition locations, comparisons of measured disturbance frequencies and computed frequencies, and a determination of the type of disturbances present were made. It was found that for the cases where the disturbances were measured at locations where the flow was still laminar but nearly transitional, that the highly amplified disturbances showed reasonable agreement with the computations. Additionally, an investigation of the effects of finite-rate chemistry and vibrational excitation on flows over cones was conducted for a set of theoretical operational conditions at the HIEST facility. . The second study focuses on transition in three-dimensional hypersonic boundary layers, and for this the cone at angle of attack experiments being conducted at the Boeing/AFOSR Mach-6 quiet tunnel at Purdue University were examined. Specifically, the effect of surface roughness on the development of the stationary crossflow instability are investigated in this work. One standard mean flow solution and two direct numerical simulations of a slender cone at an angle of attack were computed. The direct numerical simulations included a digitally-filtered, randomly distributed surface roughness and were performed using a high-order, low-dissipation numerical scheme on appropriately resolved grids. Comparisons with experimental observations showed excellent qualitative agreement. Comparisons with similar previous computational work were also made and showed agreement in the wavenumber range of the most unstable crossflow modes.
Development of Modal Analysis for the Study of Global Modes in High Speed Boundary Layer Flows
(2017-05) Brock, Joseph
Boundary layer transition for compressible flows remains a challenging and unsolved problem. In the context of high-speed compressible flow, transitional and turbulent boundary-layers produce significantly higher surface heating caused by an increase in skin-friction. The higher heating associated with transitional and turbulent boundary layers drives thermal protection systems (TPS) and mission trajectory bounds. Proper understanding of the mechanisms that drive transition is crucial to the successful design and operation of the next generation spacecraft. Currently, prediction of boundary-layer transition is based on experimental efforts and computational stability analysis. Computational analysis, anchored by experimen- tal correlations, offers an avenue to assess/predict stability at a reduced cost. Classi- cal methods of Linearized Stability Theory (LST) and Parabolized Stability Equations (PSE) have proven to be very useful for simple geometries/base flows. Under certain conditions the assumptions that are inherent to classical methods become invalid and the use of LST/PSE is inaccurate. In these situations, a global approach must be considered. A TriGlobal stability analysis code, Global Mode Analysis in US3D (GMAUS3D), has been developed and implemented into the unstructured solver US3D. A discussion of the methodology and implementation will be presented. Two flow configurations are presented in an effort to validate/verify the approach. First, stability analysis for a subsonic cylinder wake is performed and results compared to literature. Second, a supersonic blunt cone is considered to directly compare LST/PSE analysis and results generated by GMAUS3D.
Discrete roughness effects on high-speed boundary layers
(2015-01) Iyer, Prahladh Satyanarayanan
This dissertation studies the effects of a discrete roughness element on a high-speed boundary layer using Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) on unstructured grids. Flow past a cylindrical roughness element placed perpendicular to the flow and a hemispherical bump is studied. A compressible linear stability theory (LST) solver for parallel flows is developed based on the algorithm by Malik [33] and validated for a range of Mach numbers ranging from incompressible to Mach 10. The evolution of the perturbations from DNS is validated with the linear stability solver making the DNS algorithm suitable to study transition problems. Flow past a cylindrical roughness element at Mach 8.12 is simulated using DNS and the velocity profiles in the symmetry and wall--parallel planes are compared to the experiments of Bathel et al. [7]. The flow remains steady and laminar, and does not transition. Overall, good agreement is observed between DNS and experiments, thus validating our algorithm to study effect of roughness on high-speed flows. However, differences are observed in the separation region upstream and recirculation region downstream of the roughness. The DNS results are used to quantify possible uncertainties in the measurement technique as suggested by Danehy [20]. The effect of upstream injection (5% of the free-stream velocity) is also simulated to quantify its effects on the velocity profiles to mimic the injection of NO into air in the experiment. While the boundary layer thickness of the flow increases downstream of the injection location, its effect on the velocity profiles is small when the profiles are scaled with the boundary layer thickness.Flow past a hemispherical bump at Mach 3.37, 5.26 and 8.23 are simulated using DNS with the flow conditions matching the experiments of Danehy et al. [19] to understand the different flow features associated with the flow and the physical mechanism that causes the flow to transition to turbulence. It is observed that the Mach 3.37 and 5.26 flows transition to turbulence while the Mach 8.23 flow remains laminar downstream of the roughness element. The roughness element used in this study is large since the boundary layer thickness of the laminar boundary layer at the location of the roughness is smaller than the roughness height.The Mach 3.37 flow undergoes transition closer to the bump when compared to Mach 5.26, in agreement with experimental observations. Transition is accompanied by an increase in C_f and C_h (Stanton number). Even for the case that did not undergo transition (Mach 8.23), streamwise vortices induced by the roughness cause a significant rise in C_f until 20D downstream. Mean Van-Driest transformed velocity and Reynolds stress for Mach 3.37 and 5.26 shows good agreement with available data. The transition process involves the following key elements - Upon interaction with the roughness element, the boundary layer separates to form a series of spanwise vortices upstream of the roughness, and a separation shear layer. The system of spanwise vortices wrap around the roughness element in the form of horseshoe/necklace vortices to yield a system of counter-rotating streamwise vortices downstream of the element. These vortices are located beneath the separation shear layer and perturb it, which results in the formation of trains of hairpin-shaped vortices further downstream of the roughness for the cases that undergo transition. These hairpins spread in the span with increasing downstream distance and the flow increasingly resembles a fully developed turbulent boundary layer. A local Reynolds number based on the wall properties is seen to correlate the onset of transition for the cases considered.To assess the effect of roughness height on transition, a Mach 3.37 flow past a hemispherical bump is studied by varying the boundary layer thickness (k/delta = 2.54, 1.0, 0.25 & 0.125) where k is the roughness height and delta is the laminar boundary layer thickness at the location of the roughness. Transition occurs in all cases, and the essential mechanism of transition appears to be similar. At smaller boundary layer thickness, multiple trains of hairpin vortices are observed immediately downstream of the roughness, while a single train of hairpin vortices is observed at larger delta. This behavior is explained by the influence of the boundary layer thickness on the separation vortices upstream of the roughness element. Also, hairpin vortices that form downstream of the roughness initially scale with the height of the roughness element and further downstream, begin to scale with the boundary layer thickness, thus causing the entire boundary layer to transition. Dynamic Mode Decomposition of the pressure field for k/delta= 1 and 0.125 is used to obtain the frequency of shedding of hairpin vortices.
Hypersonic Boundary Layer Stability Analysis Using Momentum Potential Theory
(2020-09) Houston, Mary
Linear Stability Theory (LST) and the Parabolized Stability Equations (PSE) have provided valuable tools for analysis and prediction of laminar to turbulent transition for plates, sharp cones, and geometries for which parallel-flow or a slowly-varying boundary layer can be assumed. However, these techniques struggle to capture the complex flow-physics present near the tip of blunt-cones. Input-output analysis has been used in conjunction with direct numerical simulation to capture the effects of nose bluntness on downstream stability. Using the results of the input-output analysis we apply momentum potential theory (MPT) to preform fluid-thermodynamic (FT) decomposition, separating disturbances into their vortical, thermal and acoustic components. A reference case of Mach 6 flow over a flat-plate is computed and output responses are compared to the results for Mach 6 flow over a blunt-cone of $7^{o}$ half angle. Perturbation eigenfunctions and structures are examined in the areas of second-mode amplification. For both the flat-plate and blunt-cone the vortical components are the largest, followed by the thermal then acoustic components. Fluid-thermodynamic structures in the second-mode amplification region of blunt-cone show wall-normal stretching above the critical layer. Fluid-thermodynamic decomposition of full-domain input and output results for the blunt-cone geometry are considered. It is found that input sensitivity is highest at the top of the entropy layer and along the boundary layer edge for the fore-half of the cone. Output response in the streamwise direction is highest in the regions between the generalized inflection point (GIP) and the boundary layer edge and dissipates near the surface, whereas wall-normal response extends to the surface and shows a local minimum between the GIP and boundary layer edge. To compliment existing studies on hypersonic boundary layer response to surface roughness/ vibration we look at input sensitivity and output response at the surface. It is found that there is greater sensitivity to wall-normal forcing than streamwise forcing at the surface and among the three FT components in this direction the vortical had the highest relative output amplitude. Finally, total fluctuating enthalpy (TFE) is considered for both the flat-plate and blunt-cone, in both cases the thermal terms provides the strongest source of TFE.
Paving the path to graduation: salient factors for successful transition and persistence of transfer students at a four-year institution
(2014-09) Gray, Monita Mohammadian
Representing a larger percentage of the undergraduate population on campus across the U.S, coupled with a predicted decline in the "typical" college-going population of 18-year-olds, transfer students will play an increasingly critical role in the national completion agenda. This study examines the complexity of the transfer student experience as it relates to their transition to a small, private four-year institution and persistence to bachelor's degree completion. Specifically, the goal of the study is to discover factors that facilitate success from transfer students' arrival to graduation and determine the applicability of several prominent models of student success and persistence to transfer students' experiences (Bean, 1980; Braxton, Hirschy, & McClendon, 2004; Tinto, 1975, 1987). 48 transfer students were interviewed shortly after their arrival or after several semesters of enrollment at one four-year university. Using grounded theory for data collection and analysis, the findings suggest that the most salient factors for successful transfer student transition are early and effective preparation, and strong self-advocacy and utilization of faculty and staff resources to help them navigate their new university environment. The findings also suggest that transfer students' personal motivation and prioritization of education and learning over other obligations foster persistence to degree completion. This study provides a better understanding of the lived experiences of transfer students and evidence that existing models of student success and persistence require revision to consider this prominent undergraduate student population.
Personal, social, and institutional factors influencing college transition and adaptation experiences for students with psychiatric disabilities.
(2009-12) Kampsen, Amy
The number of students with psychiatric disabilities attending institutions of higher education is on the rise. The increase in the number of students reporting psychiatric disabilities poses many challenges for college administrators in attempting to serve these students as they transition and adapt to college. The developmental processes typical of individuals transitioning and adapting to college may be disrupted for students with psychiatric disabilities due to the effects of their disability, which may impair or delay social and emotional development at a time when significant changes typically occur. The purpose of the study was to explore the personal, social, and institutional factors influencing the college transition and adaptation experiences for students with psychiatric disabilities. A qualitative interview approach was used to explore the factors in depth through data gathered from interviews with 9 students with psychiatric disabilities, interviews with 4 university staff members, and the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ). A conceptual model that emerged from the literature was modified and used as a guide for describing the factors associated with the college transition and adaptation experiences of the student participants. The study concluded with implications for administrators and service providers to consider, and recommendations for future research.
Separation control in low pressure turbines using plasma actuators with passing wakes
(2013-09) Burman, Debashish
A Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) plasma actuator is operated in flow over the suction surface of a Pack-B Low Pressure Turbine (LPT) airfoil at a Reynolds number of 50,000 (based on exit velocity and suction surface length) and inlet free-stream turbulence intensity of 2.5%. Preliminary characterization studies were made of the effect of varying actuator pulsing frequency and duty cycle, actuator edge effects, and orientation of the actuator with the flow. Flow control was demonstrated with the actuator imparting momentum opposite to the stream-wise flow direction, showing that it is possible to use disturbances alone to destabilize the flow and effect transition. No frequencies of strong influence were found over the range tested, indicating that a broad band of effective frequencies exists. Edge effects were found to considerably enhance separation control. Total pressure measurements of the flow without passing wakes were taken using a glass total-pressure tube. Corrections for streamline displacement due to shear and wall effects were made, and comparisons with previous hot-wire measurements were used to validate data. Performance features of conventional two-electrode and a novel three-electrode actuator configuration were compared. Hot-wire anemometry was used to take time-varying ensemble-averaged near-wall velocity measurements of the flow with periodic passing wakes. Corrections were made for near-wall effects, temperature effects, and interference of the electric field. The wakes were generated by a wake generator mechanism located upstream of the airfoil passage. The near-suction-surface total pressure field (flow without wakes) and velocity field (flow with wakes) in the trailing part of the airfoil passage, and the wall-normal gradient of these quantities, were used to demonstrate effective prevention of flow separation using the plasma actuator. Both flows (with and without passing wakes) showed fully attached flow (or very thin separation zones) when the actuator was activated. The flow with passing wakes and the actuator on showed relatively little time variation in the boundary layer, and qualitative similarities to the corresponding flow without passing wakes and with the actuator on were noted.
Superintendents’ perceptions of career development.
(2011-11) Oberstar, Vicki Lee
Perceptions held by superintendents' regarding federal and state career education policy influence the implementation of career education development activities at the local level. There are limited research resources available that explore the thoughts of superintendents regarding the issue of career education; this research project conducted a study in which five superintendents from Northeastern Minnesota were interviewed regarding their perceptions of career development and implementation practices. As leaders, superintendents influence the school curriculum, so it is important to consider their role in the process of creating, implementing, evaluating, and maintaining career education. The subjects' perceptions were studied in regards to their interpretations of career development legislation at the federal level, the state level, and the local level. The research has found a variety of insights which has resulted in an array of implementation practices and career development advocating strategies used by current superintendents in the study. Regarding legislation, all superintendents were in agreement that the action to combine previous legislation into the Perkins IV was a good move, easier to understand and implement. Each administrator differed in their approaches regarding how they viewed career development programming; one superintendent was content with current legislation and programming as career development has advanced since this administrator's youth, whereas the other four felt more could be done. School leaders varied on their opinions regarding the success rate of the program; some leaders felt that the children were simply too young, so the current career education did not influence future actions, other superintendents felt it was imperative and it would help ensure global competition in the workplace for our nation. All superintendents perceived career development as a benefit to the school curriculum but were concerned about the implied messages students were receiving from teachers and thought that teachers needed more training in the career development field. However, the resonating common theme of thought amongst all administrators was their concern for sustainability due to the lack of existing funding, complicated further by future potential funding cuts.
The transition of youth with disabilities from the child welfare system: an analysis of state administrative data.
(2010-11) Hill, Katharine Miller
Youth with disabilities are disproportionately represented in the child welfare system (Crosse, Kaye, & Ratnofsky, 1992; Sullivan & Knutson, 2000). Although research on this topic is limited, youth with disabilities who are emancipating from foster care are at risk for particularly poor outcomes, experiencing even lower rates of employment, educational attainment, and economic stability than their non-disabled peers who are aging out of care (Anctil, McCubbin, O'Brien, & Pecora, 2007a; Anctil, McCubbin, O'Brien, Pecora, & Anderson-Harumi, 2007b; Zetlin, 2006). Using state administrative data, the study compares youth with disabilities emancipating from foster care to their non-disabled peers, examining prevalence and demographics, as well as differences between the two groups in key education, child welfare, and disability-specific variables. It examines how transition outcomes in the areas of secondary and postsecondary education and adult corrections differ for youth with and without disabilities who have aged out of foster care. Finally, it examines the relationship between the identified transition outcomes and the key predictor variables in the areas of education, child welfare, and disability-specific services. Analysis found significant differences between youth with disabilities and their non-disabled peers who have aged out of foster care. Youth with disabilities are more likely to be male, Native American, or Asian than their non-disabled peers. They experience different permanency plans and are less likely to access child welfare transition services. All of the youth experienced high rates of placement instability, and youth with disabilities appeared to experience slightly higher rates. Youth with disabilities were placed in juvenile corrections and/or residential treatment prior to finishing high school in greater numbers than their non-disabled peers. However, they were also more likely to attend school regularly. Youth with disabilities were less likely to graduate from high school, less likely to be enrolled in postsecondary education and training, and more likely to appear in the adult correctional system. Additionally, child welfare transition services were associated with negative adult school completion outcomes, such as increased risk for drop out for youth both with and without disabilities. Thus, it is critical that researchers, policymakers, and practitioners improve their expertise, programming, and focus on older youth with disabilities in the child welfare system.
A validation study of the Korean version of the Minnesota Self-Determination Scales (K-MSDS) for adults with intellectual disabilities.
(2009-01) Cho, Jaehyun
It has been reported that self-determination is closely associated with desirable transition outcomes of an individual. There are, however, few Korean self-determination measures reporting the technical characteristics and merits of the measures. The purpose of this study is to examine the reliability and validity of a Korean version of the Minnesota Self-Determination Scales (Abery, Smith, Stancliffe, & Elkin 2000). Participants were forty adults with intellectual disabilities who resided in the three group homes and one residential institution in a city of South Korea. A Korean version of the Minnesota Self-Determination Scales (K-MSDS) was translated and back-translated by the investigator and associated research team members for the study. The K-MSDS was administered to the participants in an interview format. Nine culturally inappropriate items were identified and modified by the investigator. Investigation of the test-retest reliability, internal consistency reliability, and criterion-related concurrent validity were the focus of this study. The test-retest reliability results indicated that the K-MSDS had strong correlations ranging from .842 to .943 (Pearson’s r). The K-MSDS had strong internal consistency ranging from .967 to 993 (Cronbach’s α). Correlations for the criterionrelated concurrent validity were computed between the K-MSDS and a Korean version of Arc’s Self-Determination Scale (K-SDS). The results indicated that there were acceptable correlations between the K-SDS and the K-MSDS ranging from .509 to .514 (Pearson’s r). However, the test-retest reliability and criterion-related concurrent validity within a few domains of the K-MSDS were low.
Wellness in the Midst of Disease: A Narrative Analysis of Growing Up with Rheumatic Conditions
(2015-08) Wells, Courtney
Rheumatic diseases affect approximately 300,000 U.S. children and cause inflammation of cartilage, bones, connective tissues, and internal organs. More than half of these children may experience life-long disability, chronic pain, and potent medication side effects (David et al., 1994; Foster et al., 2003; Hersh, von Scheven, & Yelin, 2011). Due to recent advancements in the treatment of rheumatic conditions, little is known about the long-term physical or psychosocial outcomes of childhood-onset rheumatic conditions (Duffy, 2004). Thus, the primary aim of the present study was to use a developmental and ecological approach to capture rich descriptions of the physical and psychosocial development of young adults living with childhood-onset rheumatic diseases during the transition into adulthood. Purposeful sampling was used to recruit 12 young adults (ages 25-35) with childhood-onset rheumatic diseases from rheumatology clinics in the Twin Cities metro area and the Arthritis Foundation. Participants engaged in up to three one-hour long interviews; multiple interviews allowed for increased depth and reflection time. A semi-structured interview guide was used to probe about the experience of growing up with rheumatic diseases, current health status, and coping mechanisms. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and data were coded with the assistance of NVivo software (QSR, 2012). Thematic analysis highlighted commonalities across participant narratives and was guided by the narrative model described by Lieblich, Tuval-Mashiach, and Zilber (1998), as well as Erikson's construct of Vital Involvement (VI: Kivnick & Wells, 2014). Eight categories and 27 themes emerged from the data. Findings from this study have the potential to make significant theoretical and practical contributions to social work, rheumatology, and beyond.

University Digital Conservancy

Browse by Subject

Browsing by Subject "Transition"