Exploration of Increased Visitor Use Motivations and Impacts on the Visitor Experience as well as on the Natural Resource

Abstract

This exploratory study investigated the surge in nationwide usage of protected natural areas in the USA, that aimed to understand the driving forces behind the increasing visitor numbers. The research addressed whether the rise in visitor use was influenced by advertising, COVID-19 lockdowns, or other factors, with a focus on natural areas along the North Shore of Lake Superior in Minnesota. By exploring visitor motivations and their perceived impacts (through online and in-person survey), gauging perspectives of nature area park managers (through online survey) to assess their perspectives on the impacts of increased visitor use and assessing impacts on charter fishing businesses to understand changes in visitor patterns and associated effects on recreational businesses (through online survey), the study provided a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics at play. With a 92.9 % response rate from 158 participants overall, the research highlighted the nuanced dynamics of outdoor recreation, emphasizing the need for adaptive management strategies to balance visitor experiences with environmental preservation. The results showed diverse visitor motivations and importance of balancing visitor preferences with environmental preservation in campground management. Park Managers faced complex challenges managing recreational lands during COVID-19, necessitating strategic planning and adaptive management. The Lake Superior charter fishing industry demonstrated resiliency and adaptability necessitating ongoing efforts to address challenges and leverage opportunities.