Evaluation of neurobehavioral abnormalities and immunotoxicity in response to oral imidacloprid exposure in domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus)
2020
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Evaluation of neurobehavioral abnormalities and immunotoxicity in response to oral imidacloprid exposure in domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus)
Published Date
2020
Publisher
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A
Type
Article
Abstract
Domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) were exposed to imidacloprid by gavage once daily for 7
consecutive days at 0, 0.03, 0.34, 3.42, 10.25, and 15.5 mg/kg/day (n = 20 per group; 5 6-week-old
males, 5 6-week-old females, 5 9-week-old males, and 5 9-week-old females). The severity and
duration of neurobehavioral abnormalities were recorded. Components of the innate and adaptive
immune system were assessed with 7 standard functional assays. Temporary neurobehavioral
abnormalities were observed in a dose-dependent manner, including muscle tremors, ataxia, and
depressed mentation. Based upon mean clinical severity scores, the no observed adverse effect level
(NOAEL) was 3.42 mg/kg/day, and the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) was 10.25 mg/kg/
day. The effective dose value for the presence of any neurobehavioral abnormalities in 50% of the test
group (ED50) was 4.62 ± 0.98 mg/kg/day. The ED50 for an adjusted score that included both severity
and duration of neurobehavioral abnormalities was 11.24 ± 9.33 mg/kg/day. These ED50 values are
equivalent to a 1 kg bird ingesting 29 or 70 imidacloprid treated soybean seeds respectively.
Immunotoxicity was not documented, possible causes include the assays were insensitive, relevant
immune functions were not examined, or imidacloprid is not immunotoxic at this dosing schedule in
this species. Neurobehavioral abnormalities were a more sensitive indicator of the sublethal effects of
imidacloprid than immunotoxicity.
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Funding for this project was provided by the Minnesota
Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund as recommended
by the Legislative-Citizen Commission on
Minnesota Resources (LCCMR)
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10.1080/15287394.2020.1723154
Previously Published Citation
Dana Franzen-Klein, Mark Jankowski, Charlotte L. Roy, Hoa Nguyen-Phuc, Da Chen, Lorin Neuman-Lee, Patrick Redig & Julia Ponder (2020): Evaluation of neurobehavioral abnormalities and immunotoxicity in response to oral imidacloprid exposure in domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus), Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2020.1723154
Suggested citation
Franzen-Klein, Dana; Jankowski, Mark; Roy, Charlotte L.; Nguyen-Phuc, Hoa; Chen, Da; Neuman-Lee, Lori; Redig, Patrick; Ponder, Julie. (2020). Evaluation of neurobehavioral abnormalities and immunotoxicity in response to oral imidacloprid exposure in domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, 10.1080/15287394.2020.1723154.
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