Preprints

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https://hdl.handle.net/11299/42979

Preprints from members of the UM School of Mathematics, September 2008 - present.

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Now showing 1 - 18 of 18

Existence and stability of viscoelastic shock profiles
(2010-06-09) Barker, Blake; Lewicka, Marta; Zumbrun, Kevin
We investigate existence and stability of viscoelastic shock profiles for a class of planar models including the incompressible shear case studied by Antman and Malek-Madani. We establish that the resulting equations fall into the class of symmetrizable hyperbolic--parabolic systems, hence spectral stability implies linearized and nonlinear stability with sharp rates of decay. The new contributions are treatment of the compressible case, formulation of a rigorous nonlinear stability theory, including verification of stability of small-amplitude Lax shocks, and the systematic incorporation in our investigations of numerical Evans function computations determining stability of large-amplitude and or nonclassical type shock profiles.
Reduced theories in nonlinear elasticity
(2010-06-09) Lewicka, Marta
The purpose of this note is to report on the recent development concerning the analysis and the rigorous derivation of thin film models for structures with nontrivial geometry. This includes: (i) shells with mid-surface of arbitrary curvature, and (ii) plates exhibiting residual stress at free equilibria. In the former setting, we derive a full range of models, some of them previously absent from the physics and engineering literature. The latter phenomenon has been observed in different contexts: growing leaves, torn plastic sheets and specifically engineered polymer gels. After reviewing available results, we list open problems with a promising angle of approach.
The Foppl-von Karman equations for plates with incompatible strains
(2010-02-24) Lewicka, Marta; Mahadevan, L.; Pakzad, Reza
We provide a derivation of the Foppl-von Karman equations for the shape of and stresses in an elastic plate with residual strains. These might arise from a range of causes: inhomogeneous growth, plastic deformation, swelling or shrinkage driven by solvent absorption. Our analysis gives rigorous bounds on the convergence of the three dimensional equations of elasticity to the low-dimensional description embodied in the plate-like description of laminae and thus justifies a recent formulation of the problem to the shape of growing leaves. It also formalizes a procedure that can be used to derive other low-dimensional descriptions of active materials.
Scaling laws for non-Euclidean plates and the W^{2,2} isometric immersions of Riemannian metrics
(2009-07-09) Lewicka, Marta; Pakzad, Reza
This paper concerns the elastic structures which exhibit non-zero strain at free equilibria. Many growing tissues (leaves, flowers or marine invertebrates) attain complicated configurations during their free growth. Our study departs from the 3d incompatible elasticity theory, conjectured to explain the mechanism for the spontaneous formation of non-Euclidean metrics. Recall that a smooth Riemannian metric on a simply connected domain can be realized as the pull-back metric of an orientation preserving deformation if and only if the associated Riemann curvature tensor vanishes identically. When this condition fails, one seeks a deformation yielding the closest metric realization. We set up a variational formulation of this problem by introducing the non-Euclidean version of the nonlinear elasticity functional, and establish its $\Gamma$-convergence under the proper scaling. As a corollary, we obtain new necessary and sufficient conditions for existence of a $W^{2,2}$ isometric immersion of a given $2$d metric into $\mathbb R^3$.
The infinite hierarchy of elastic shell models: some recent results and a conjecture
(2009-07-09) Lewicka, Marta; Pakzad, Reza
We summarize some recent results of the authors and their collaborators, regarding the derivation of thin elastic shell models (for shells with mid-surface of arbitrary geometry) from the variational theory of $3$d nonlinear elasticity. We also formulate a conjecture on the form and validity of infinitely many limiting $2$d models, each corresponding to its proper scaling range of the body forces in terms of the shell thickness
Lectures on moving frames
(2009-01-21) Olver, Peter J.
This article surveys the equivariant method of moving frames, along with a variety of applications to geometry, differential equations, computer vision, numerical analysis, the calculus of variations, and invariant curve flows.
A note on convergence of low energy critical points of nonlinear elasticity functionals, for thin shells of arbitrary geometry
(2008-11-26) Lewicka, Marta
We prove that the critical points of the $3$d nonlinear elasticity functional over a thin shell of arbitrary geometry and of thickness $h$, as well as the weak solutions to the static equilibrium equations (formally the Euler Lagrange equations associated to the elasticity functional) converge, in the limit of vanishing thickness $h$, to the critical points of the generalized von Karman functional on the mid-surface, recently derived in [14]. This holds provided the elastic energy of the $3$d deformations scale like $h^4$ and the magnitude of the body forces scale like $h^3$.
Dynamics for Ginzburg-Landau vortices under a mixed flow
(2008-11-07) Kurzke, Matthias; Melcher, Christof; Moser, Roger; Spirn, Daniel
We consider a complex Ginzburg-Landau equation that contains a Schrodinger term and a damping term that is proportional to the time derivative. Given well-prepared initial conditions that correspond to quantized vortices, we establish the vortex motion law until collision time.
Structure theory for 2D superintegrable systems with 1-parameter potentials
(2008-11-06) Kalnins, E.G.; Kress, Jonathan M.; Miller Jr., W.; Post, Sarah
The structure theory for the quadratic algebra generated by first and second order constants of the motion for 2D second order superintegrable systems with nondegenerate (3-parameter) and or 2-parameter potentials is well understood, but the results for the strictly 1-parameter case have been incomplete. Here we work out this structure theory and prove that the quadratic algebra generated by first and second order constants of the motion for systems with 4 second order constants of the motion must close at order three with the functional relationship between the 4 generators of order four. We also show that every 1-parameter superintegrable system is St\"ackel equivalent to a system on a constant curvature space.
Models for the 3D singular isotropic oscillator quadratic algebra
(2008-11-06) Kalnins, E.G.; Miller Jr., W.; Post, Sarah
We give the first explicit construction of the quadratic algebra for a 3D quantum superintegrable system with nondegenerate (4-parameter) potential together with realizations of irreducible representations of the quadratic algebra in terms of differential-differential or differential-difference and difference-difference operators in two variables. The example is the singular isotropic oscillator. We point out that the quantum models arise naturally from models of the Poisson algebras for the corresponding classical superintegrable system. These techniques extend to quadratic algebras for superintegrable systems in $n$ dimensions and are closely related to Hecke algebras and multivariable orthogonal polynomials.
The matching property of infinitesimal isometries on elliptic surfaces and elasticity of thin shells
(2008-10-14) Lewicka, Marta; Mora, Maria Giovanna; Pakzad, Mohammad Reza
Using the notion of \Gamma-convergence, we discuss the limiting behavior of the 3d nonlinear elastic energy for thin elliptic shells, as their thickness h converges to zero, under the assumption that the elastic energy of deformations scales like h^\beta with 2 < \beta < 4. We establish that, for the given scaling regime, the limiting theory reduces to the linear pure bending. Two major ingredients of the proofs are: the density of smooth infinitesimal isometries in the space of W^{2,2} first order infinitesimal isometries, and a result on matching smooth infinitesimal isometries with exact isometric immersions on smooth elliptic surfaces.
On the existence of traveling waves in the 3d Boussinesq system
(2008-10-14) Lewicka, Marta; Mucha, Piotr B.
We extend an earlier work on traveling waves in premixed ames in a gravitationally stratified medium, subject to the Boussinesq approximation. For three-dimensional channels not aligned with the gravity direction, and under the Dirichlet boundary conditions in the fluid velocity, it is shown that a non-planar traveling wave, corresponding to a non-zero reaction, exists, under an explicit condition relating the geometry of the crossection of the channel to the magnitude of the Prandtl and Rayleigh numbers, or when the advection term in the flow equations is neglected.
Shell theories arising as low energy \Gamma-limit of 3d nonlinear elasticity
(2008-10-02) Lewicka, Marta; Mora, Maria Giovanna; Pakzad, Mohammad Reza
We discuss the limiting behavior (using the notion of \Gamma-limit) of the 3d nonlinear elasticity for thin shells around an arbitrary smooth 2d surface. In particular, under the assumption that the elastic energy of deformations scales like h4, h being the thickness of a shell, we derive a limiting theory which is a generalization of the von Karman theory for plates.
Stratifications and Mackey functors II: globally defined Mackey functors
(2008-09-16) Webb, Peter
We describe structural properties of globally defined Mackey functors related to the stratification theory of algebras. We show that over a field of characteristic zero they form a highest weight category and we also determine precisely when this category is semisimple. This approach is used to show that the Cartan matrix is often symmetric and non-singular, and we are able to compute finite parts of it in some instances. We also develop a theory of vertices of globally defined Mackey functors in the spirit of group representation theory, as well as giving information about extensions between simple functors.
Unified hybridization of discontinuous Galerkin, mixed and continuous Galerkin methods for second order elliptic problems
(2008-09-16) Cockburn, B.; Gopalakrishnan, J.; Lazarov, R.
We introduce a unifying framework for hybridization of finite element methods for second order elliptic problems. The methods fitting in the framework are a general class of mixed-dual finite element methods including hybridized mixed, continu- ous Galerkin, non-conforming and a new, wide class of hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin methods. The distinctive feature of the methods in this framework is that the only globally coupled degrees of freedom are those of an approximation of the solution defined only on the boundaries of the elements. Since the associated matrix is sparse, symmetric and positive definite, these methods can be efficiently implemented. Moreover, the framework allows, in a single implementation, the use of different methods in different elements or subdomains of the computational domain which are then automatically coupled. Finally, the framework brings about a new point of view thanks to which it is possible to see how to devise novel methods displaying very localized and simple mortaring techniques, as well as methods permitting an even further reduction of the number of globally coupled degrees of freedom.
Differential invariants of maximally symmetric submanifolds
(2008-09-16) Olver, Peter J.
Let $G$ be a Lie group acting smoothly on a manifold $M$. A closed, nonsingular submanifold $S \subset M$ is called \is{maximally symmetric} if its symmetry subgroup $\sym S \subset G$ has the maximal possible dimension, namely $\dim \sym S = \dim S$, and hence $S = \sym S \cdot z_0$ is an orbit of $\sym S$. Maximally symmetric submanifolds are characterized by the property that all their differential invariants are constant. In this paper, we explain how to directly compute the numerical values of the differential invariants of a maximally symmetric submanifold from the infinitesimal generators of its symmetry group. The equivariant method of moving frames is applied to significantly simplify the resulting formulae. The method is illustrated by examples of curves and surfaces in various classical geometries.
Resolutions, relation modules and Schur multipliers for categories
(2008-09-15) Webb, Peter
We show that the construction in group cohomology of the Gruenberg resolution associated to a free presentation and the resulting relation module can be copied in the context of representations of categories. We establish five-term exact sequences in the cohomology of categories and go on to show that the Schur multiplier of the category has properties which generalize those of the Schur multiplier of a group.
Models of quadratic quantum algebras and their relation to classical superintegrable systems
(2008-09-12) Kalnins, E.G.; Miller Jr., W.; Post, Sarah
We show how to construct realizations (models) of quadratic algebras for 2 dimensional second order superintegrable systems in terms of differential or difference operators in one variable. We demonstrate how various models of the quantum algebras arise naturally from models of the Poisson algebras for the corresponding classical superintegrable system. These techniques extend to quadratic algebras related to superintegrable systems in n dimensions and are intimately related to multivariable orthogonal polynomials.