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Item Persistence of Antibiotics in the Natural Environment: Scoping Review Protocol(2021) Bueno, Irene; He, Huan; Nault, Andre J.; Ziemann, Sarah; Degn, Lauren; Arnold, William A.; Wammer, Kristine H.Background: Antibiotics and their metabolites released into aquatic and soil environments have the potential to affect their microbial communities and can be a selection pressure to drive antimicrobial resistance emergence and spread. However, data about the persistence of antibiotics and metabolites into the natural environment are still lacking. Objectives: The goal of this manuscript is to describe the protocol that will be used to conduct a formal scoping review of the current literature to address the following question: “What is known from the existing literature about degradation of a selected group of antibiotic compounds in water, sediment, and soil?”. Eligibility criteria: Eligible studies will be primary research, in English, from any geographic location, published between 2000-2020, include water, sediment, and/or soil samples, were conducted in natural systems and/or laboratory studies with relevant data applied to natural systems, include data related to transformation by sunlight, biodegradation, and/or sorption processes, and include data for any of the following compounds: i) sulfonamides: sulfachlorpyridazine, sulfadiazine, sulfadimethoxine, sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfapyridine; ii) macrolides: erythromycin, roxithromycin, tylosin, azithromycin; iii) tetracyclines: chlortetracycline, doxycycline, oxytetracycline, tetracycline; iv) fluoroquinlones: ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin; v) beta-lactams: penicillins; vi) others: carbadox, trimethoprim, lincomycin.Item Efficacy of prebiotics and probiotics on growth performance in poultry: A protocol for a systematic review(2020) Hwang, Haejin; Miller, Elizabeth A.; Johnson, Abigail; Valeris-Chacin, Robert; Nault, Andre J.; Singer, Randall S.; Johnson, Timothy J.The use of prebiotics and probiotics as dietary additives in poultry has been practiced widely as an alternative to antibiotics and to support gut health. Despite the wealth of products available, there is currently a lack of clear scientific evidence that the use of prebiotics and probiotics beneficially impact growth performance in poultry. The aim of this protocol paper is to document the process of a systematic review addressing the following review question: Does oral administration of a prebiotic (defined as dietary fiber, dietary carbohydrates, oligosaccharides, or yeast cell wall) or probiotic (defined or undefined single or mixed cultures of living bacteria, fungi, and/or yeast) provide beneficial effects on growth performance in broiler chickens and turkeys? The proposed systematic review will provide evidence on the effectiveness of prebiotics and probiotics for enhancing growth performance in poultry, and will help to alleviate high skepticism, criticism, and confusion over the use of prebiotics and probiotics in poultry among poultry producers.Item Efficacy of antibiotic and non-antibiotic interventions in preventing and treating necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens: a protocol for a systematic review(2020) Bueno, Irene; Smith, Emily; Hwang, Haejin; Nault, Andre J.; Valeris-Chacin, Robert; Singer, Randall S.Necrotic enteritis is one of the most common and economically important bacterial diseases affecting the broiler industry. Limitations on the use of antimicrobials have highlighted the need to evaluate the efficacy of non-antibiotic alternatives and management strategies. However, the available evidence on the efficacy of non-antibiotic interventions for necrotic enteritis has not been systematically synthesized. Here we present a protocol to conduct a systematic review of the literature to assess the efficacy of non-antibiotic interventions compared to antibiotic interventions in preventing and treating necrotic enteritis cases in broiler chickens.Item Systematic review protocol of the efficacy of prebiotics and probiotics in reducing the colonization and shedding of Campylobacter and Salmonella in broilers and turkeys(2020) Valeris-Chacin, Robert; Nault, Andre J.; Hwang, Haejin; Weber, Bonnie; Bueno, Irene; Johnson, Timothy J.; Pieters, Maria; Singer, Randall S.Use of prebiotics and probiotics as an alternative to antibiotics is increasing in poultry 16 production. However, there is still uncertainty about their efficacy in controlling the spread of 17 human pathogens in poultry. This paper describes the protocol for a systematic review assessing18 the efficacy of prebiotics and probiotics in reducing the colonization and shedding of 19 Campylobacter and Salmonella in broiler chickens and turkeys. The objective of this protocol is 20 to document the methodology that will be used for the systematic review a priori.Item Search strategies for Mental health targets in primary and secondary maltreatment prevention: A systematic review of randomized trials(2019) Marsalis, ScottDatabase search strategies for Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, Ovid PsycInfo, Social Care Online, and Scopus, designed and executed by Scott Marsalis for systematic review authored by Jeffrey Waid, Minhae Cho and Scott Marsalis, Mental health targets in primary and secondary maltreatment prevention: A systematic review of randomized trialsItem Search Strategies for Psychological intervention and prevention programs for exposure to community violence: A systematic review(2019) Marsalis, ScottDetailed search strategies supporting systematic review conducted by Neveen Ali-Saleh Darawshy, Abigail H. Gewirtz, and Scott Marsalis