JTLU Volume 3, No. 1 (2010)
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Table of Contents:
Discussion: Uri Avin and Daniel A. Rodriguez discuss "The Role of Employment Subcenters in Residential Location Decisions," pp. 1-5
The impact of telecommuting on residential relocation and residential preferences, pp. 7-24
Equip the warrior instead of manning the equipment, pp. 25-41
Finding Food: Issues and challenges in using Geographic Information Systems to measure food access, pp. 43-65
Efficiency and equity of orbital motorways in Madrid, pp. 67-84
Evaluation of land use-transportation systems with the Analytic Network Process, pp. 85-112
Assessing the impacts of Light Rail Transit on urban land in Manila, pp. 113-138
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Item The impact of telecommuting on residential relocation and residential preferences(Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2010) Ettema, DickThe advance of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has changed travellers’ appreciation of travel distance in various ways. In the context of telecommuting, ICT increasingly allows us to work from home one or more days per week. One hypothesis that has been put forward is that because ICTs reduce the frequency of commuting, it allows workers to accept longer commute distances, implying that telecommuters have a different valuation of travel distance than regular commuters and would also favour more peripheral residential locations. The question can be raised, how- ever, whether telecommuters can be regarded as a homogeneous group with respect to their valuation of commute distance and residential preferences. To investigate the heterogeneity of commuters’ and telecommuters’ preferences, latent class discrete choice models of workers’ intended relocation probability and preferred residential environment were estimated. The results suggest that telecommuting is not a factor that can be used to identify segments with different residential preferences. However, within the group of telecommuters, two different classes can be identified, which can be characterised as being sensitive and insensitive to commute distance.Item Equip the warrior instead of manning the equipment(Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2010) Brömmelstroet, MarcoThis paper assesses the embedding of land use and transport instruments—Planning Support Systems (PSS), models and tools—in Dutch planning practice, in order to shed light on how planning practitioners perceive these instruments and to ascertain the reasons and manner of their (lack of ) utilization. These insights provide much-needed input to improve support instruments for integrated land use and transport planning, particularly during early planning phases and on the regional level. The re- search adds to the emerging literature on PSS. It builds on general insights into bottlenecks that block the use of PSS in practice, and employs a user-oriented approach to gain more insight into how users perceive these bottlenecks and how they relate to specific land use and transport PSS. Much of the existing research geared toward improving these instruments has a technical focus on adjusting the intrinsic workings of the instruments themselves. However, the way in which they are embedded in planning practice has remained largely ignored and poorly understood. Based on data from a web-based survey administered to land use and transport practitioners in the spring of 2007, this paper describes how LUT instruments are embedded in planning practice and how they are perceived by the planning actors in land use and transport planning. The findings suggest that a technical focus is insufficient to improve the implementation of these instruments. The key bottlenecks, identified by the survey, actually are centered on “softer issues,” such as lack of transparency and poor connections to the planning process. The closing analysis and discussion offer some potential remedies for these shortcomings.Item Finding food: Issues and challenges in using Geographic Information Systems to measure food access(Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2010) Forsyth, Ann; Lytle, Leslie; Van Riper, DavidA significant amount of travel is undertaken to find food. This paper examines challenges in measuring access to food using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), important in studies of both travel and eating behavior. It compares different sources of data available including fieldwork, land use and parcel data, licensing information, commercial listings, taxation data, and online street-level photographs. It proposes methods to classify different kinds of food sales places in a way that says something about their potential for delivering healthy food options. In assessing the relationship between food access and travel behavior, analysts must clearly conceptualize key variables, document measurement processes, and be clear about the strengths and weaknesses of data.Item Efficiency and equity of orbital motorways in Madrid(Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2010) Martín, Juan Carlos; García-Palomares, Juan Carlos; Gutiérrez, Javier; Román, ConcepciónOrbital motorways are major structuring elements in the metropolitan areas of developed countries. They can be considered as key components within the transport network of large urban agglomerations, funneling a great amount of intra- and inter metropolitan traffic. This paper explores the equity and efficiency effects of orbital motorways on accessibility, using the beltways of Madrid as a case study. It is well known that orbital impacts differ depending on their location within the metropolitan area (inner and outer) as well as the activity distributional performance (agglomeration vs. decentralization of activities). These topics have received very little attention in previous studies. The paper extracts some policy considerations with respect to accessibility disparities within metropolitan areas and com- pares relative changes from the spatial perspective.Item Evaluation of land use-transportation systems with the Analytic Network Process(Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2010) Banai, RezaDevelopments in models and methods of urban systems have increasingly drawn attention to the joint effect of land use and transportation on behavioral and policy relevance, with multicriteria evaluation of and attention to the site-level analysis of spatial impacts. In this paper, we use Saaty’s Analytic Network Process (ANP), a systems-oriented method, to contribute to the emerging methodological developments in land use and transportation systems evaluation, planning, and forecasting. The ANP is applied to the problem of light rail route selection with station area land use and property value among multiple criteria. The application shows how the analysis of land use and transportation as elements of an urban system with feedback is facilitated by the ANP with data parsimony in the ex ante estimation of site-specific, spatial-economic impacts.Item Assessing the impacts of Light Rail Transit on urban land in Manila(Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2010) Pacheco-Raguz, JavierThis paper presents an assessment of impacts of Light Rail Transit Line 1 (LRT1) in terms of accessibility and distance as they relate to variables such as land values, land uses, and population densities in Manila, Philippines. Using correlations and regressions, these variables are analyzed against an accessibility index and network distances obtained from a model built within a Geographic Information System (GIS). Land values, land uses, and population densities are influenced in a limited, though consistent, way by the accessibility provided by LRT1 and the distance to it. The analysis of impacts after the construction of LRT1 found that accessibility and distance were only consistent influences for residential land values, with marginal results for the rest of the variables. These results, when contrasted with the urban configuration of Manila and the studies reviewed, show that the limited impacts may be a consequence of good accessibility before LRT1 and the lack of complementary planning and policies for taking advantage of its influence.Item Discussion: Uri Avin and Daniel A. Rodriguez discuss "The Role of Employment Subcenters in Residential Location Decisions"(Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2010) Avin, Uri; Rodriguez, DanielThis article introduces vol. 3, no. 1 issue of Journal of Transport and Land Use.