Browsing by Type "Book chapter"

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55th Minnesota Nutrition Conference & Roche Technical Symposium, Proceedings, September 19-21, 1994, Bloomington, Minnesota.
(University of Minnesota, Minnesota Extension Service and the Dept. of Animal Science, 1994-09-19)
Academic bridge programs
(Routledge, 2018) Arendale, David R.; Lee, Nue Lor
Bridge programs ease the transition of students from secondary education to postsecondary institutions. They are customized to assist a particular subpopulation of students to be successful. They were originally created for students with high rates of academic difficulty and withdrawal than the general student population. Then, the focus of most bridge programs was academic preparation for increased academic rigor of college. In recent years, a variety of purposes have been added: meet the needs of culturally diverse students who are underrepresented in college, increase student success in particular college degree programs, and increase the number of students who aspire and are prepared for college. Bridge programs range from an intensive program of coordinated courses and noncredit learning experiences to a single academic term course or a workshop lasting a day or two.
Access (Chapter 9 in The Oxford Handbook of Urban and Regional Planning )
(Oxford University Press, 2012) Krizek, Kevin J; Levinson, David M
ANNUALLY, traffic-weary residents across the United States eagerly wait for the arrival of their news source to learn about the latest congestion report card from the Texas Transportation Institute. This Urban Mobility Report makes headlines, especially in places with worsening congestion. Even smaller areas, possibly not yet victims what some might consider serious traffic, lament their annual increase in levels of congestion, yet secretly enjoy their emerging big-city status. Traffic engi- neers, planners, and politicians take more than feigned interest because, to date, such ratings are the only available measure to assess progress toward a concern central to livability that is front and center in the minds of many residents. Traffic congestion is a serious issue, undoubtedly, particularly in major met- ropolitan areas worldwide. But is congestion the problem or the solution? Taylor (2003) argues that traffic congestion is a solution to the problem ofhow to allocate scarce road space. (In contrast, economists argue for road pricing to allocate road space, but clearly there are factors limiting its widespread deployment.) Even if we agree that congestion wastes time, is minimizing congestion the most appropriate public policy goal (Taylor 2003)? Do measures of congestion provide the basis for policy prescriptions? We argue elsewhere (Levinson and Krizek 2008) that mobil- ity (or lack thereof because of inadequate networks or congestion) is an element of the larger goal-ensuring accessibility. Recent years have witnessed more than a handful of conferences or work- shops whose central themes focused on the concept of accessibility. For example, the University of Minnesota sponsored two conferences, prodUcing an array of recent scholarly publications on the topic in 2004 (Levinson and Krizek 2005) and 2007 (Axhausen 2008; Bruegmann 2008; Crane 2008; Lo, Tang, and Wang 2008; Ottensmann and Lindsey 2008; Scott and Horner 2008); in 2007, the European Science Foundation hosted a workshop, How to Define and Measure Access and Need Satisfaction in Transport (Becker, Bohmer, and Gerike 2008). The Network on European Communications and Transport Activities Research (NECTAR) con- tinues to sponsor activities focUSing on accessibility. Accessibility has even been touted as a civil rights issue (Sanchez 1999). As judged by the level of discussion, mention, and focus in specialized work- shops, interest in accessibility is high. Previous writings have focused on defining the concept of accessibility generally, starting from Hansen (1959), but also involv- ing other extensions (Dalvi 1979; Ingram 1971; Kau 1979; Rutherford 1979), measur- ing the concept using different approaches (Handy and Niemeier 1997), various data needs (Krizek 2008),8 or its use in explaining behavior (Levinson and Krizek 2005; Levinson 1998). This chapter recommends that policy decisions be based on important and reliable performance measures. Robust measures that simultaneously assess the performance of the transportation and land use dimensions of cities, however, are mostly missing from such discussions (Levinson 2003). At the heart of the pro- posed approach lies the concept of accessibility: the ability of people to reach the destinations that they need to visit in order to meet their needs. A focus on accessi- bility-rather than congestion or mobility- would produce a more complete and meaningful picture ofmetropolitan transport and land use. This chapter aims to articulate a clear role for measures of metropolitan acces- sibility and to demonstrate the utility of these measures in informing and influ- encing policy. It reviews necessary definitions, comments on the nature of past research, and suggests strategies to adapt such research into means. It endeavors to place accessibility in a position ofprominence as a performance measure; thus, this chapter has four parts and functions, as follows: • To describe the use and measurement of accessibility for metropolitan areas, • To appraise the current state ofknowledge and literature, • To identify issues about measurement, • To offer prescriptions for resolving those issues, given political contexts, and • To point to future directions.
Access to Educational Opportunities in Rural Communities: Alternative Patterns of Delivering Vocational Education in Sparsely Populated Areas
(Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, 1984) Thomas, Ruth G.; Peterson, Roland L.
Volume 1: Problem, Study Design and Procedures, Findings, Conclusions, and Recommendations.
Adolescent Dress, Part II: A Qualitative Study of Suburban High School Students
(Pryczak Publishers, reprinted with permission from Adolescence 26(10):679-686. Libra Publishers, inc., 1994) Eicher, Joanne B.; Baizerman, Suzanne; Michelman, John
Through observation and interviews of high school students, the role of dress in a non-psychiatric population was explored in order to provide data complimentary to the first phase of a larger research project. Adolescent dress was examined in relation to three dimensions of the self: the public, private and secret self. Due to the age of subjects and the length of contact with the interviewer, results provided most information about the public self, particularly descriptions of social types -- categories based on appearance and behavior. These types included a modal [sic], or "average," type and more extreme types appeared to offer valuable reference points for "average" adolescents in the development of their individual identities.
The American groom wore a Celtic kilt:Theme weddings as canivalesque events
(Berg Publishers, 2003) Winge, Theresa M.; Eicher, Joanne B.
Beard Dancing with our Siblings - The Unlikely Case for a Rhetoric Major
(Utah State University Press, 2010) Beard, David
The Benefits and Drawbacks of Moving into Management at Mid-career
(ACRL, 2023) Leebaw, Danya; Tomlinson, Carissa
For some of us, climbing the career ladder feels like a natural progression, something we are supposed to do. We find ourselves consciously or unconsciously working to position ourselves for the next leadership opportunity or job without necessarily realizing what the next role entails. Moving up the ladder often involves choices that do not get a lot of explicit attention and for which there are few opportunities to discuss, and a lack of clear models or step-by-step paths. What does it mean to formally lead in a library, and how does this vary by library type and size? What do you give up and what do you gain? What are the benefits and what are the drawbacks? This chapter will offer responses to these questions by reflecting on the authors’ experiences moving up the career ladder within academic libraries, taking on new positions, and eventually moving to much larger libraries in new leadership roles. We will discuss our choices and their impacts on us as individuals, as well as our organizations. We will reflect on our specific experiences, while acknowledging what makes these distinct and/or privileged. Our goals in this chapter are to highlight a potential path for early career librarians who have ambitions for leadership later in their career, while also surfacing issues to consider when deciding if and how to move into leadership roles.
Betting Across Borders: Mobile Networks and the Future of Gambling
(Digital Asia Hub, 2016) Agur, Colin
Biological Weapons
(Combating Terrorism, 2020) Andregg, Michael M.
BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS Since 1945, Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) have included chemical, biological and nuclear weapons. All have been used in wars, with casualties greatest for chemical, then nuclear, and least from biological weapons, at least in the modern era. However, modern genetic engineering technologies like “CRISPR” could change that dramatically. Historical biological weapons typically involved infectious organisms from nature like smallpox, plague and anthrax. They were used at least as early as Hannibal tossing plague infested corpses into Roman cities. Some white Americans gave smallpox-infected blankets to Indians, and a Japanese Unit #731 did similar and worse things to Chinese people during World War II. During the “Cold War” both the Soviet Union and the United States developed extensive biological warfare programs. However, near universal horror at the concept of breeding and “weaponizing” ancient plagues for use against human populations resulted in a UN mediated treaty called the “Biological Weapons Convention” that banned all such activity by civilized nations in 1975. As of January 2018, this convention has been signed and ratified by 180 of the UN’s 193 nations. Moral and legal constraints on biological weapons are challenged, however, by the relative ease and low cost of creating biological weapons compared with nuclear and even chemical weapons. Modern genetic engineering techniques (which go far beyond CRISPR) raise fears that terrorists in basements using chemicals bought online could recreate ancient scourges like smallpox, or even create new “designer diseases.” These could be “Chimera” organisms that combine lethal genes from multiple organisms, and even include genes for resistance to all known antibiotics. One of the novel properties of biological weapons compared to other WMD is that they can reproduce themselves and spread far beyond any initial target. This helped military institutions to recognize that biologicals could turn on one’s own troops, and were not very useful against military targets. Instead, they would afflict mainly vulnerable civilian populations, and could spread worldwide. Biological weapons could also be used against food crops and animals, spreading famine as well as novel plagues. For all these reasons, even the most fierce warrior generals have generally agreed that biological weapons should not be created much less used. Some terrorist groups have expressed considerable interest in WMD, however, including biological weapons. One Japanese death cult called Aum Shinrikyo made chemical weapons, killing 12 people on a subway system in 1995, and tried to make biological weapons to attack Japan’s civilian population, but it was thwarted by Japanese police and counterterrorism forces. Another cult in Oregon organized by Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh put salmonella bacteria on salad bars in ten restaurants in an attempt to swing county elections their way. In November, 1984, 751 people were sickened, but no one died. Assassinations are another area where biological weapons have been used. Biological toxins like ricin have been used to kill selected individuals like Bulgarian dissident writer Georgi Markov in London, in September of 1978. Several packages of weaponized anthrax were also sent to about a dozen targets shortly after 9/11, killing five people and infecting 17 others. According to the FBI, the alleged culprit was not a ‘typical’ terrorist, however, but a veteran of America’s biological weapons program named Bruce Ivins. There remains controversy over that conclusion, but whoever sent the US weapons-grade anthrax packages to several news media offices and two Democratic US Senators included notes with Islamic terminology hoping to arouse mass anger against Muslims. Therefore, better control of biological weapons before terrorists (or false flag operators posing as terrorists) can build or buy any is a top priority for counter-terrorism around the world today. Michael Andregg [Word count excluding “Further Reading” is 600] Further Reading Osterholm, Michael T. and Mark Olshaker, 2017. Deadliest Enemy: Our War Against Killer Germs. New York, NY: Little, Brown and Company. Wright, Susan, 2002. Biological Warfare and Disarmament: New Problems/New Perspectives. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. Cirincione, Joseph, John B. Wolfsthal and Miriam Rajkumar, 2005. Deadly Arsenals: Nuclear, Biological and Chemical Threats. 2nd Edition. Washington, D.C.: The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. The Nuclear Threat Initiative is a well-financed, long-term, non-profit educational organization that maintains extensive files on all weapons of mass destruction, including one on biosecurity http://www.nti.org/about/biosecurity/. It also sponsors conferences like one in 2018 that can be seen whole at http://www.nti.org/about/projects/global-biosecurity-dialogue/event/nti-seminar-biosecurity-design-getting-ahead-risk-world-designer-organisms/ The United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs has a link to the full text of the Biological Weapons Convention that includes many supporting documents, history and data. It is at https://www.un.org/disarmament/wmd/bio/ .
Build a Firm Foundation: Managing Project Knowledge Efficiently and Effectively
(Purdue University Press, West Lafayette, Indiana, 2014) Jeffryes, Jon
Building a Trustworthy System: Resources, Policies, and Management Structures—Understanding Our Trustworthiness
(Rowman & Littlefield, 2016) Moore, Erik A.
In 2014, the University of Minnesota Libraries completed a year-long process of upgrading the underlying technology and reviewing the supporting policies, procedures, and resources of our intuitional repository, the University Digital Conservancy. Employing an iterative approach to managing, the technology migration and policy review proved to be an efficient method to effectively deal with challenges and new opportunities as part of the overall process. The results are a repository system built upon the foundations of the professional standards set by our peers and the trust of the university community in the University Libraries. The migration process proved to serve as a type of self-assessment allowing us to evaluate our repository in a way that we had not done before. The resulting outcomes to the Digital Conservancy program include the ability to remain current with our technological offerings, to be agile in our responses to new demands from our community, and to be more transparent in our daily activities in an effort to be a more trustworthy system.
The Case for a Major in Writing Studies
(Parlor Press, 2015) Beard, David
Citizen media and journalism
(The International Encyclopedia of Digital Communication and Society, 2015) Belair-Gagnon, Valerie; Anderson, C.W.
Citizen media is defined as a form of journalism that provides an alternative to traditional journalism. It is now an integral part of journalism input, production, dissemination, and consumption. The citizen media that emerged at the end of the twenty-first century is associated with the rapid rise of the Internet and Web 2.0. as a source of broadcasting and public information.
Climate Change and U.S. National Security
(US Government Printing Office, 2020-05) Andregg, Michael M.
In October of 2014 the U.S. Department of Defense published an “Adaptation Roadmap” for climate change that started with: “Climate change will affect the Department of Defense’s ability to defend the Nation and poses immediate risks to U.S. national security.” Then Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel was quoted saying: “Climate change does not directly cause conflict, but it can significantly add to the challenges of global instability, hunger, poverty, and conflict. Food and water shortages, pandemic disease, disputes over refugees and resources, more severe natural disasters – all place additional burdens on economies, societies, and institutions around the world.” This chapter will detail what those challenges and burdens are, with emphases on national security implications and consequences for U.S. Army personnel in particular. But it cannot and should not be narrowly focused, because this is a global problem with global consequences that affect the entire U.S. military. It affects alliances, flashpoints, basing issues, geopolitics and budgets in complex ways we will try to exemplify with specific cases, like Syria and South Asia. Propaganda can influence assessments in any war zone. So that is not new, but it is an especially pernicious problem with climate change. , , , , For example, at Minnesota’s leading public policy institute we have been talking about, and some studying, climate change since at least 1982. It took 31 years before Andy Marshall commissioned the first publically known, Pentagon study of national security implications of climate change in 2003. Yet this author was told personally at the National Intelligence University in 2005 that officers there had been “ordered not to talk about that subject.” This was all because of a sustained campaign by legacy industries to suppress discussion of something profound that they already knew was guaranteed to occur.
Collaboration is Key: Advancing the Academic Health Sciences Library's Mission Through Campus Partnerships Within Library Spaces
(Chandos Publishing, 2019) Jaguszewski, Janice M.; McGuire, Lisa A.
Academic health sciences libraries are actively engaged with their health professions faculty and administrators to advance teaching, learning, and research. This chapter offers strategies for success when cultivating and working with partners, using the Health Sciences Libraries partnership model and resulting in a new suite of space-enabled services (e.g. Faculty Commons, Virtual & Augmented Reality Studio, 1:Button Studio, Visualization Lab, Wangensteen Historical Library, and Innovation Space). It also discusses impact and lessons learned.
Communicating with the Audience
(National Council of Teachers of English, 2009) Beard, David
Cordon Pricing Consistent with the Physics of Overcrowding.
(Springer, 2009) Geroliminis, Nikolas; Levinson, David M
This paper describes the modeling of recurring congestion in a network. It is shown that the standard economic models of marginal cost cannot describe precisely traffic congestion in networks during time-dependent conditions. Following a macroscopic traffic approach, we describe the equilibrium solution for a congested network in the no-toll case. A dynamic model of cordon-based congestion pricing (such as for the morning commute) for networks is developed consistent with the physics of traffic. The paper combines Vickrey’s theory with a macroscopic traffic model, which is readily observable with existing monitoring technologies. The paper also examines some policy implications of the cordon-based pricing to treat equity and reliability issues, i.e. in what mobility level a city should choose to operate. An application of the model in a downtown area shows that these schemes can improve mobility and relieve congestion in cities.
Corruption of Institutions and the Decay of Civilizations
(Nova, 2013-02-08) Andregg, Michael M.
CORRUPTION OF INSTITUTIONS AND THE DECAY OF CIVILIZATIONS Michael Andregg University of St. Thomas in St. Paul, Minnesota, USA ABSTRACT This chapter discusses the dangers of corruption of institutions, especially governments, and how such corruption can be exposed and partially cleansed. Theories about the decay phase of civilizations are briefly cited, and examples of corrupted forms of six professions illustrated (military, law, medicine, journalism, business and the clergy). Parallels between large organizations and the human body are shown to illustrate system consequences of dysfunction. An enduring theme is the need for constant, built in mechanisms to reduce corruption in living systems, including the largest scale of civilizations. Some solutions to these problems are mentioned, but readers are also challenged to do better since the problems of corruption of governance have been eternal and have successfully resisted many reform efforts. INTRODUCTION Civilizations are living systems, so like any living system they need at least 19 subsystems to acquire and process food, water, energy and information, to safely dispose of toxic byproducts or wastes, to avoid being eaten themselves, and otherwise to stay alive and to reproduce themselves. In one sense all these life functions are equally “essential” (Miller, Living Systems, 1978). Still I will maintain here that cleansing a civilization regularly of corruption (or empire or nation state) is especially important. Why?
Course Outreach
(ALA Editions, 2022-02) Spicer, Scott
This chapter describes course outreach strategies and topic coverage for student-created media project support including: project specific guidance on research support; an overview of the media-creation workflows for both traditional documentary style projects and personal narrative digital story projects; tips on composition and technical media production; campus, library, and online media-creation support options; development of customized media-creation support resource guides; in-class media-creation workshops; copyright and fair use considerations for media projects; academic integrity (citation and attribution) considerations for media projects; subject interviews; accessibility (captioning and transcription) considerations for media projects; and sharing, publishing, and distributing considerations for media projects.

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