Browsing by Subject "well-being"
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Item Collective Care: Rethinking Societal Values and Envisioning Care as a Public Good(2023) Holman, Tess KorbesmeyerThis paper advocates for a shift in societal values and policies towards prioritizing care as a public good, rather than relying on individual responsibility and acts of altruism to fill gaps in social services. It discusses how care, as a fundamental aspect of human nature, can be recognized and supported as a public good through policy, governance, and community initiatives. It explores the concept of communities that work together cooperatively to provide care as a means of addressing societal issues and promoting well-being. Using case studies from around the world, this paper challenges the U.S. to shift the paradigm toward valuing care as a collective responsibility.Item Comprehensive Meta-Analyses Of Perfectionism And A Synthesis For Work Psychology(2021-09) Tian, JingyuanResearch on perfectionism has flourished amidst growing evidence of its positive and negative influences across different domains in life. Past research on perfectionism relied on a variety of models of perfectionism and there is still no consensus on the content and structure of this construct. This represents a major barrier to our understanding of perfectionism and how it is related to important work outcomes. This dissertation presents a comprehensive meta-analysis of perfectionism to clarify the nomological net of the construct and provide evidence of perfectionism constructs’ criterion-related validities for work-related well-being, performance and motivational variables. Study 1 identified five facets of perfectionism: Perfectionistic Strivings, Orderliness, Perfectionistic Concerns, Socially-Prescribed Perfectionism (SPP) and Other-Oriented Perfectionism (OOP), and found two higher-order factors of perfectionism: Adaptive and Maladaptive perfectionism, as well as a general factor of perfectionism. Study 2 found that perfectionism is most strongly related to Conscientiousness and Neuroticism, with Perfectionistic Strivings and Adaptive perfectionism having stronger ties to Conscientiousness, and Perfectionistic Concerns and Maladaptive perfectionism having stronger ties to Neuroticism. In Study 3, sex differences in perfectionism were found to be negligible and age was weakly related with certain perfectionism constructs for adult samples only. Study 4 found that individuals with higher Adaptive perfectionism tend to have higher positive well-being (e.g. positive affect), academic performance, engagement and active coping styles; while those higher in Maladaptive perfectionism tend to have worse well-being (e.g. stress, burnout), procrastinate more and have avoidant coping styles. Perfectionism facets had incremental validity over the Big Five in predicting happiness, quality of life, job satisfaction, burnout, primary coping, broad disengagement, academic performance, engagement and procrastination. Finally, Study 5 identified the criterion profile patterns of perfectionism facets and found that individuals’ perfectionism facet patterns accounted for significantly more variance in nearly all of the criteria examined compared to perfectionism’s level effect (i.e., overall perfectionism). In sum, this dissertation provided evidence for an empirically validated taxonomy of perfectionism constructs that can guide future research on this personality trait. The comprehensive quantitative summary of perfectionism constructs’ nomological nets related perfectionism to a range of important criteria and work outcomes, and thus contributed to knowledge and potential usage of this construct in practical applications.Item Doing, Being, and Belonging: A Photo Elicitation on the Meaning of Well-being of Adults with Intellectual Disabilities(2019-01) Lahti Anderson, LyndaAdults with Intellectual and developmental disabilities disproportionately experience poverty, social isolation, and may have more co-occurring chronic health conditions than the general population. Interventions aimed at improving health outcomes for people with IDD typically focus on physical activity, with few considering other causes of poorer health outcomes. Few interventions address health from a holistic perspective. This study adds a better understanding of what is important to adults with IDD think about wellness. Understanding the day to day experiences of people with IDD can improve interventions and supports. A descriptive qualitative research approach was used to answer the research question “How do adults with IDD describe health and wellness?” Photo elicitation was used to develop narratives from ten adults with IDD to provide a qualitative description of health and wellness. Three themes emerged from this narrative: Doing, Being, and Belonging. These three themes highlight the importance of meaningful activities, positive self-identity, and social inclusion as key factors contributing to overall well-being. Recommendations for future research include the use of research techniques such as photography that promote the inclusion of people with IDD in research. Photo narrative proved to be an effective tool for including people with IDD in this project, allowing participants to share their full experience. Further research should consider upstream factors for health disparities and should consider individual and community level investigations on how best to enhance the environments in which people with IDD live and work and how these environments affect their health.Item Essays on Well-Being(2023) Ivory, JustinIn this dissertation, I defend Objective List Theories of well-being from a number of powerful objections, and in the process, put pressure on subjectivists to offer better support for their theories. I begin by providing an overview of the philosophical literature on well-being, before turning in Chapter I to the objection that Objective List Theories are founded on unwarranted appeals to intuitions. I respond to this objection by arguing that subjective theories of well-being appeal to intuitions in the same way, and that, ultimately, such appeals are justified when constructing a theory of well-being. In Chapter II, I examine the intuitive basis of subjective theories more closely, and argue that their foundational intuition—i.e., the claim that something can be good for us only if we hold the relevant pro-attitude(s) towards it—must be argued for; it cannot simply be accepted as an axiomatic intuition. No such argument is offered by subjectivists; therefore, subjective theories are faulty. Finally, in Chapter III, I consider the objection that Objective List Theories are not well-equipped to account for ill-being. I show, first, that Objective List Theories do have the tools to account for ill-being, and second, that simple subjective theories of well-being (despite their advocates offering several compelling responses to the same objection) do not. This means that we ought to prefer either an Objective List Theory, or a more sophisticated subjective theory (e.g., a Value-Fulfillment Theory). That said, sophisticated subjective theories must still contend with the problem raised in Chapter II, and so, ultimately, we ought to prefer Objective List Theories.Item Happiness with recovery from alcohol and substance use disorders predits abstinence and treatment retention(2024) Krentzman, Amy R; Zemore, Sarah E; Bowen, Elizabeth APurpose: Although research has primarily focused on the role of indicators of poor functioning in treatment outcomes for alcohol and other substance use disorders (SUDs), a growing body of positive psychology research explores the importance of indicators of wellbeing for SUD recovery. We conducted a secondary analysis of data from an intervention study to clarify the association between wellbeing indicators and treatment outcomes. Methods: We recruited participants (N=81; M=39 years old, 53% female, 26% BIPOC, 46% indicating alcohol as primary addiction) from three treatment centers in the Upper Midwest in 2020-2021. We used baseline survey data to examine the association between wellbeing indicators (assessed M=62 [SD=57] days after intake at host treatment center) and two treatment outcomes: abstinence (yes/no) and treatment retention (leaving on good terms/leaving for other reasons). Wellbeing indicators included positive affect, serenity, flourishing, happiness with recovery, satisfaction with life, trait gratitude, commitment to sobriety, quality of life, and confidence staying sober. We calculated point biserial correlations between wellbeing indicators and binary outcomes. Logistic regression models examined the relationship between each wellbeing indicator significant in correlation analyses with treatment outcomes while controlling for urges to use, recruitment site, and days of sobriety. Results: Serenity (OR=1.386) and happiness with recovery (OR=1.625) were associated with abstinence; and positive affect (OR=1.121), flourishing (OR=1.119), and happiness with recovery (OR=1.501) were associated with leaving treatment on good terms, controlling for covariates (p<.05). Flourishing (OR=1.115) was marginally associated with abstinence and serenity (OR=1.234) was marginally associated with leaving on good terms at p<.10. Conclusions: People who are happy with their recovery are more likely to remain sober and leave treatment on good terms. Assessed via a single-item measure we developed ( “Overall, I am happy with my recovery”), results show promise for a novel, simple assessment approach to measuring wellbeing in recovery and a potential target for intervention: increase happiness with recovery. Future studies should explore the relationship between wellbeing indicators, especially happiness with recovery, and treatment outcomes using larger samples and among subpopulations of people in recovery from SUD.Item Intergenerational Relationships across the Life Course: Links with Adolescent Well-Being(2015-08) Doty, JenniferGrounded in the life course perspective, the author used data from three generations of the Youth Development Study (YDS) to conduct two studies on intergenerational relationships between parents and children. Using growth mixture modeling, Study 1 identified prospective patterns of perceived closeness with fathers (n = 913) and mothers (n = 966) from adolescence into adulthood over 24 years in the first generation (G1 -- G2). Analyses identified a continuous, slightly increasing pattern of perceived closeness with fathers. Three quadratic, latent class patterns of perceived closeness with mothers fit the data best: high closeness over time, average but decreased closeness in adulthood, and low but increased closeness in adulthood. Demographic and family correlates are discussed. In a subset of second generation, parent-adolescent dyads (n =262), Study 2 examined the relationship between G1- G2 patterns of perceived closeness and G3 well-being and perceived closeness with parents in adolescence. The mean trajectory of G2 perceived closeness with grandfathers did not predict perceived closeness with parents, depression, or well-being in G3 adolescents; nor did patterns of G2 perceived closeness with grandmothers differentiate levels of depressed mood, self-esteem, or closeness with mother in G3 adolescents. A marginal difference in G3 closeness with fathers was found by G2 patterns of closeness with mothers, such that those in families with G2 low but increased closeness reported lower closeness with fathers compared to those in families with high G2 closeness over time.Item Multidimensional well-being of residents affected by the Pak Mun Dam, Thailand(SSBFNET, 2021-03) Chaiyamart, PattaraphongpanUnderstanding the effects on the overall well-being of the communities affected by the Pak Mun Dam construction would fill in the gaps in existing knowledge and facilitate a deeper discussion of the factors that impact overall wellbeing. The Pak Mun Dam was finished in 1994 and from that point on there have been changes affecting local residents. This study attempts to understand the impact of those changes from a well-being perspective using primary data collected from residents in villages close to the dam site. Structural Equation Model (SEM) was a method for this research analysis. Results from a structural model show that social and economic well-being are important factors that impact the overall well-being of the affected residents from the Pak Mun Dam area. Furthermore, we discuss how information from 20 items within seven dimensions of the well-being measurement model can be used to develop more efficient strategies and policies to increase well-being capital.Item An Overview of Volunteering in Adolescence: Predictors, Outcomes, and Time Trends(2016-05-06) Tran, BrendaThe Youth Development Study is a longitudinal study that began in 1988, unique in its focus on the outcomes of volunteering in youth. An extensive literature search was conducted in hopes of finding evidence to support the hypotheses of the Youth Development Study. Sources include longitudinal and cross-sectional studies, as well as national surveys. While few studies analyzed the same variables as the Youth Development Study (such as mental health and well-being outcomes), their findings provide support for theoretical justification that volunteering in youth results in beneficial outcomes in terms of mental health and well-being. This literature review provides an overview of known research on youth volunteers, the impacts of volunteering, and time trends associated with volunteering. Although few studies specifically address the mental health and well-being outcomes of volunteering in adolescence, it goes to show that the Youth Development Study is delving into unexplored territory.