Browsing by Subject "qualitative"

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    An interdisciplinary exploration of the treatment gap in self-injurious behavior in intellectual and developmental disabilities
    (2024-04) Roberts, Caroline
    This is an exploratory multi-paper dissertation on the topic of treatment access for self-injurious behavior (SIB) in intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). In the introduction I orient the reader to the relevant history of science and methodological approach. Then, in three papers I harness the power of experiential knowledge and interdisciplinarity through reflexive thematic analysis and knowledge translation. In Paper 1, A qualitative analysis of family caregiver experiences accessing treatment for self-injurious behavior in individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities, I explore the experiences of family caregivers interacting with providers to access treatment for SIB in IDD and present a working model of treatment pathways. In Paper 2, Interdisciplinarity and self-injury: Toward an inclusive research and treatment paradigm, I explore the possibility of an interdisciplinary study of self-injury in individuals with and without intellectual and developmental disabilities. In Paper 3, Stakeholder beliefs: An interdisciplinary exploration of the treatment gap in self-injurious behavior in intellectual and developmental disabilities, I consider the specific role of the beliefs of caregivers, researchers, and clinicians in treatment access. I conclude with a synthesis of the three papers, their shared contribution, implications for research and practice, limitations, and future directions.
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    Using quantitative and qualitative epidemiological tools for holistic, effective African Swine Fever prevention, early detection, and control
    (2023-03) Schambow, Rachel
    African Swine Fever (ASF) is a viral, hemorrhagic disease of swine that is notifiable to the World Organization for Animal Health. ASF can cause nearly 100% mortality in affected swine herds, and no treatment or vaccine is available. Animal health officials rely on biosecurity, surveillance, and other control measures to manage ASF outbreaks. The United States is free of ASF, but widespread outbreaks in Europe, Asia, and the Dominican Republic have increased concern in the US swine industry. Studies have estimated that an ASF introduction could cost the US over $50 billion USD in losses and control efforts. The objective of this work was to use complementary quantitative and qualitative epidemiological and analytical tools to support the development of holistic ASF prevention and control strategies for the US and globally. Chapter 1 describes the background and important characteristics of ASF and reviews the use of some epidemiological techniques for ASF control. Chapter 2 describes how Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats analysis was used to characterize stakeholders’ perceptions of ASF control strategies in the Dominican Republic. Chapter 3 demonstrates how quantitative risk analysis was used to characterize the risk of ASF introduction into the US in imported non-animal feed ingredients. In Chapter 4, qualitative participatory methods were used to characterize stakeholder values and needs regarding enhanced passive surveillance for early detection of ASF in the US. Chapter 5 demonstrates the use of Bayesian latent class analysis to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of novel ASF ELISA and qPCR diagnostic tests using field data from Vietnam. The work described in these chapters has demonstrated how both qualitative and quantitative tools can provide important data and socioeconomic context for the development of ASF prevention and control strategies. Future efforts for the US should encompass this holistic strategy to ASF preparedness, from understanding stakeholder values and providing training and support to using analytical and data-driven techniques to enhance biosecurity, surveillance, and outbreak preparedness. Ultimately, global cooperation, collaboration, and transparency will support the international fight against ASF.