Browsing by Subject "minnesota"

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2030 Comprehensive Plan Update Baytown Township, Minnesota
(Hubert H. Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs, 2009-05-20) Torres, Angela
Analysis of Residential Water Demand and Water Rates in Minnesota
(Water Resources Research Center, University of Minnesota, 1977-09) Gardner, Richard L.
Price elasticity of demand for residential water in Minnesota is examined, along with policy implications. Common rate forms for pricing municipal water are described and analyzed. Recommendations for improving rate structures in Minnesota are made in light of theoretical and empirical considerations.
Aquatic Plants from Minnesota Part 1 - Chemical Survey
(Water Resources Research Center, University of Minnesota, 1972-02) Staba, E. John; Su, K. Lee
The aquatic plants in Minnesota have not been surveyed medicinally for useful chemical compounds. A study was conducted with a reasonable anticipation of finding compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids and lipids which might be useful in medicine. Examination of chemical constituents was accomplished on the following plants collected from various lakes in Minnesota: Anacharis canadensis, Call Polustris, Carex lacustris, Ceratophyllum demersum, Chara vulgaris, Eleocharis smallii, Lemna minor, Myriophyllum exalbescens, Nuphar variegatum, Nymphaea tuberosa, Potamogeton amplifolius, P. natans, P. pectinatus, P. richardsonu, P. zosteriformis, Sagittaria cuneata, S. latifolia, Sparganium eurycarpum, S. fluctuans, Typha angustifolia, Vallisneria americana, and Zizania aquetica.
Aquatic Plants from Minnesota Part 2 - Toxicity, Anti-Neoplastic, and Coagulant Effects
(Water Resources Research Center, University of Minnesota, 1972-02) Staba, E. John; Su, K. Lee
In this study, toxicity, antineoplastic, coagulant and anticoagulant effects of the following 22 Minnesotan aquatic plants were evaluated in terms of pharmacological properties: Anachris canadensis, Calla Polustris, Carex lacustris, Ceratophyllum demersum, Chara vulgaris, Eleocharis smallii, Lemna minor, Myriophyllum exalbescens, Nuphar variegatum, Nymphaea tuberosa, Potamogeton amplifolius, P. natans, P. pectinatus, P. richardsonu, P. sosteriformis, Sagittaria cuneata, S. latifolis, Sparganium eurycarpum, S. fluctuans, Typha angustifolia, Vallisneria americana, and Zizania aquetica. Toxicity of skellysolve F, chloroform, 80% ethanol and water extracts of these aquatic plants were evaluated in a number of animal experiments in Swiss Webster mice. Antineoplastic experiments involved amelanoma tumor cells. In vivo prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) were assayed in anti-coagulation experiments. The toxicity of the aquatic plants in general was found to be relatively low. The LD50 for the most toxic one, i.e. N. tuerosa (stem), in mice was 3 gm of dry plant material/kg (ca. 25.4 gm of wet plant material/kg). Only Nuphar variegatum indicated an anticancer possibility, the remaining aquatic plants had no significant inhibition activity at the doses selected. Normal partial thromboplastin time for mice was 51 seconds and only the prolongation of PTT (longer than 61 seconds) was observed in 50% of the aquatic plants tested. Among these plants, the most significant increase of PTT (more than 20 minutes) was observed in Carex lacustris, Myriophyllum exalbescens, Nuphar variegatum adn Nymphaea tuberosa.
Aquatic Plants from Minnesota Part 3 - Antimicrobial Effects
(Water Resources Research Center, University of Minnesota, 1972-02) Abul-Hajj, Yusuf J.; Staba, E. John; Su, K. Lee
In this study the antimicrobial activity of the following 22 Minnesotan aquatic plants was investigated: Anacharis Canadensis, Calla Polustris, Carex lacstris, Ceratophyllum demersum, Chara vulgaris, Elecharis smallii, Lemna minor, Myriophyllum exalbescens, Nuphar variegatum, Nymphaea turberosa, Potamogeton amplifolius, P. natans, P. pectinatus, P. richardsonu, P. zosteriformis, Sagittaria cuneata, S. latifolia, Sparganium eurycarpum, S. fluctuans, Typha angustifolia, Vallisneria amiercana, and Zizania aquetica, Furthermore, the chemical constituents responsible for the significant antimicrobial effect were isolated and identified. The skellysolve F. chloroform, 80% ethanol and fresh water extracts of plant species were treated for antimicrobial activity employing the qualitative filter paper disc diffusion method and reference antibiotic discs. Ethanol (80%) extracts of Myriophyllum exalbescens (activity ratio of .34 as compared to the 30 mcg chloramphenicol discs) Nymphaea tuberose (leaf: .40, stem: .45) were moderately active against S. aureus. Ethanol (80%) extracts of Carex lacustris (activity ratio of .34 as compared to the 10 mcg streptomycin discs), Nymphaea tuberose (leaf: 1.01, stem: 1.10) and Nuphar variegatum collected in Lake Minnetonka (leaf: .73, stem: .58) were active against M. smegmatis. All extracts were relatively inactive against E. coli except the water extract of Potamogeton natans where a low activity ration of .10 as compare to the 30 mcg chloramphenicol discs was indicated. Skellysolve F stem extracts of Nuphar variegatum collected in the Pine Lake and Sparganium fluctuans showed a rather distinct action against C. albicans, the activity ratio as compared to the 100 units mycostatin discs were 2.06 and 1.08, respectively. Regarding antifungal activity, ethanol (80%) extracts of Carex lacustris (activity ratio of 1.08 as compared to 5% aq. Phenol standard), Nymphaea tuberosa (stem: .72) and skellysolve F extract of Potamogeton zosteriformis (.60) were active against Alternaria sp., 80% ethanol stem extracts of Nymphaea tuberosa and Nuphar variegatum were active against F. roseum with the activity ratios of .41 and .48 respectively, as compared to the 5% aqueous phenol standard. In general, the plant pathogenic fungi are more resistant than animal pathogenic organisms toward the actions of aquatic plant extract.
Area Financing of Water Resource Development in West Minnesota
(Water Resources Research Center, University of Minnesota, 1974-01) Maki, Wilbur R.
A 14-county environmental planning area in West Minnesota was identified for the purpose of studying financing alternatives in water resource development. Nine of the 14 counties belong to a newly established Regional Development Commission. This Commission has responsibility for planning, research and review of local government activities in the nine-county area. The remaining five counties are included with other newly organized Minnesota planning regions. Altogether, 719 units of government (exclusive of the newly established planning commissions) were included in the study area in 1967 , which is the base year for the study. Economic and organizational structures in the 14-county area are described and analyzed in this study. A computable model of the area economy is presented. Estimates of the degree of internal interdependence of the area economy are derived as basis for assessing the current status of the area economy and its public financing potentials. The base-year data are used subsequently in the preparation of a projected 1980 inter-industry transactions table. An expanded system of area product and income accounts is presented, also, for both the base year and the target year. These accounts are used in assessing the public economy as part of a total area economy. Water resource development potentials and financing requirements and alternatives are identified in the context of all public expenditures and outlays in a multi-county area. The data and methodology developed in the study provide a basis for comprehensive resource planning and programming on a multi-county scale. Use of the technical capability for these purposes in illustrated for the 14-county study area. Further study is underway to facilitate use of the data and models in multi-county resource development and planning.
Arts for Academic Achievement: Long-Term Artists' Perspectives
(Center for Applied Research and Educaitonal Improvement, 2007-09) Ingram, Debra
This report summarizes the perspectives of a sample of artists who have been involved in Arts for Academic Achievement for multiple years. In two focus groups the artists discussed: § how the AAA projects they have been involved with have changed over time, § what they’ve learned about collaborating with teachers and integrating the arts, § the benefits of AAA that they had observed for students and teachers, § how they’ve been affected by their involvement in AAA, § the strengths of AAA, and § challenges in collaborating with teachers and integrating the arts, or, in other words, areas that could be improved.
Climate-informed restoration of white pine: Impacts of seed source, planting site, and earthworms
(2016-11) Mead, Jordan
Habitat suitability for forest species is expected to shift with changes in climate, resulting in new and altered species assemblages. These alterations will be most notable near species boundaries, where feedbacks between disturbance, regeneration and recruitment are especially sensitive to temperature. How forest ecosystems respond will depend on the rate of climate change, dominant disturbance regime, the arrival of suitable propagules and the ability of those propagules to survive local climate, herbivory, invasive species and interspecific competition. Local adaptation of tree populations has been well documented in common garden experiments and may have a significant impact on the regeneration and recruitment in disturbed forests. In Northern Minnesota, USA, forest-climate models predict large-scale shifts in forest cover, and climate-driven changes in forest regeneration have already been documented at ecotone boundaries. Local populations of white pine (Pinus strobus) that are expected to increase may not be able to survive and reproduce successfully due to population bottlenecks, slow migration rates, habitat fragmentation, and intense herbivory. This is coupled with reduced reproduction of other temperate species, such as maples (Acer spp.), by herbivory and introduced detritivores. Given the rate of climate change, the migration and evolution of locally adapted populations and species are expected to lag behind optimal climate. My work documents restoration of white pine to assess the effects of seed source climate and site attributes, such as light environment and earthworm abundance, on survival, growth and phenology of planted seedlings. I also investigate the impacts and abundance of non-native earthworms in disturbed areas, as well as the surrounding intact forest to look for interactions between these invaders and disturbance. This data could be further used to improve models and inform management that will help sustain forest health and productivity.
Codified and Uncodified State Laws and Agency Rules and Regulations Bearing on Water and Related Land Resources in Minnesota Volume 1
(Water Resources Research Center, University of Minnesota, 1978-06) LaChapelle, Arthur W.
This publication is a source reference for lawmakers at all levels, administrators, planners, lawyers, engineers, and other interested in water resource use, development, and management. It contains a compilation of all pertinent (1) codified state laws as of fiscal year 1977. The codified laws are contained entirely in Volume 1 of this bulletin along with an Analytical Table of Chapters of included statutory material while Volume 2 will contain the uncodified enactments and agency rules and regulations. And finally the entire work is intended to be self-contained. All textual material of Minnesota statutes. regulations or documents referred to in the text is incorporated into the bulletin as appropriate unless notated otherwise. Textual material of foreign or federal statutes, regulations, treaties or documents is not included in the bulletin as it is beyond the scope of this work.
Codified and Uncodified State Laws and Agency Rules and Regulations Bearing on Water and Related Land Resources in Minnesota, Volume 2
(Water Resources Research Center, University of Minnesota, 1978-06) LaChapelle, Arthur W.
This publication is a source reference for lawmakers at all levels, administrators, planners, lawyers, and others interested in water resource use, development, and management. It contains a compilation of all pertinent uncodified enactments and agency rules and regulations. The codified laws are contained entirely in Volume 1 of the this bulletin along with an Analytical Table of Contents of included statutory material. And finally the entire work is intended to be self-contained. All textual material of Minnesota statutes, regulations or documents referred to in the text is incorporated into the bulletin as appropriate unless notated otherwise. Textual material of foreign or federal statutes, regulations, treaties or documents is not included in the bulletin as it is beyond the scope of this work.
Commercial Navigation on the Upper Mississippi River: An Economic Review of its Development and Public Policy Issues Affecting Minnesota
(Water Resources Research Center, University of Minnesota, 1974-10) Christianson, Rodney W.
Development of the Upper Mississippi River and its major tributaries have been of great importance for the economic and social well-being of Minnesota. Water development projects such as the nine-foot navigation channel have provided a cheap transportation route in which important commodities such as coal and petroleum can be shipped into Minnesota, white the abundant harvest of grain in Minnesota and surrounding states can be moved out to domestic and foreign markets at low freight costs. In addition, development of the Upper Mississippi River has increased recreational opportunities, and has provided a more productive and usable habitat for fish and wildlife. However, the Upper Mississippi has been developed primarily as a transportation artery, and important considerations such as ecological processes and environmental values of America's largest and most unique river system often have been neglected and even destroyed in a few areas. Opposition to further development is strong. Inland water transport is a significant carrier of domestic cargo, accounting for about 14% of the total traffic. During the past decade the inland waterways increased their cargo carried by 46% (62% when the Great Lakes are excluded). By increasing the absolute amount of freight carried greater than the average (42%), the inland waterway's relative share of total freight traffic has also grown over the past decade. Also development of the Upper Mississippi River into a major inland waterway has been even more significant for Minnesota and the Midwest than for much of the rest of the nation. Past and present development of the Upper Mississippi River and its tributaries, both by the public and private sectors, has been extensive,. Public funds (mostly federal) have not only provided the nine-foot navigation channel, but also numerous harbors and fleeting areas along the Upper Mississippi and its tributaries. Private investment in terminals, towing vessels, and barges has been and continues to be substantial. In spite of these huge costs, the real cost of inland waterway shipment is still lower on most waterways per ton-mile than the least cost alternative. A transportation model, based on competitive assumptions and employing a derived demand analysis, is presented. The model predicts that there will be an increase in demand for transportation services in general, and barge services in particular. However, derivation of the elasticity of demand for barge services revealed that the demand for barge services will become more elastic in the future. Planning and feasibility studies of commercial navigation projects on the Upper Mississippi River (and on the waterways) have emphasized economic developmental values and expansion of waterway capacity while giving little attention or even ignoring environmental values and ecological processes. Planning has been undertaken at three government levels--national, regional, and state. The national study recommended better evaluation procedures, more equitable cost-sharing policies (user charges), and coordination of all modes of transportation to achieve a more efficient national transportation system. However, regional and state plans are often formulated to meet conditions and needs that existed in the past. These studies have tended to emphasize continued subsidization and expansion of water development projects to aid commercial navigation. The current issues in commercial navigation which affect Minnesota basically involve a resolution of the conflict between developmental and environmental values. Such is the issue of dredging to maintain the 9-foot navigation channel on the Upper Mississippi River. Without maintenance dredging barge traffic would come to a halt on the Upper Mississippi causing irreparable economic harm. But environmentalists contend that the Corps' present method of dredging and depositing of dredge spoil causes irreparable environmental damage by blocking the flow of backwater sloughs. The dredging issue reduces to one of what cost is the public willing to bear to preserve environmental values being destroyed by present methods of dredging and placement of dredge spoil. However, instead of the general public bearing the cost, users of the 9-foot navigation channel could be required to pay the full costs of environmentally sound dredge spoil disposal. With a system of user charges in effect, environmental values would be better accounted for and barge transportation would be assigned to its most efficient position in the national transportation system. There needs to be a better balance between developmental and environmental values in present and future commercial navigation projects. Administrative-legal procedures and institutions, which include environmental impact statements, inter-agency cooperation and agreement, and lawsuits, will help insure that environmental interests (both government agencies and citizen groups) effectively communicate their values into the decision-making process. However, the market, or pricing system, is also an effective communications device. Establishing a pricing system through the imposition of user charges which requires that users of inland waterways pay the full costs (economic and environmental) of providing navigation facilities would insure that developmental and environmental values are better balanced in future commercial navigation projects.
Computer Program for Statistical Analysis of Annual Flood Data by the Log-Pearson Type III Methods
(Water Resources Research Center, University of Minnesota, 1971-07) Bowers, C. Edward; Larson, Steven P.; Pabst, Arthur
The Federal Water Resources Council has recommended the adoption of the Log-Pearson Type III method of establishing flood flow frequencies. The computer program developed in this study was written in Fortran IV language to facilitate Log-Pearson Type III method computations. Annual floods are sorted in decreasing magnitude and then logarithms, mean, standard deviation and skewness of the logarithms are computed. The magnitude of the 100, 50, etc., year flood are determined with the aid of tables. The initial computer printout consists of sorted values of the floods, empirical values of recurrence interval and probability, and the logarithms of the floods. Application of the method to selected streams in the United States indicates that difficulties may be encountered when a given set of data contains one or more very low floods or outliers. The Log-Person Type III distribution appears to have a substantial advantage over the Gumble and log-normal distributions that have been used for flood frequency analysis because it can be used for data having either a plus or a minus skewness. Also, it reduces to the log-normal distribution for zero skewness where the data fit this distribution. However, it will require a data screening procedure and sufficient use to indicate desirable restrictions on skewness values for short records and perhaps for various regions.
The Contribution of a Water Information System for Environmental Planning in Minnesota
(Water Resources Research Center, University of Minnesota, 1976-03) Higgins, Bryan R.
Modern American thought has treated the environment either as a mechanical, scientific abstraction or a mythical, humanist ideal. Considering the performance of water within the environment will avoid this dichotomy and allow a synthesis of both viewpoints. The central focus becomes the lived in world of water and not either just the concepts or the subjective feelings water evokes. Investigation of the manner in which academia treats environmental planning information will show the subjective nature of science which is seldom acknowledged within our objective curricula. The manner in which state government treats water adds another perspective to modern fragmented environmental thought. Throughout this conversation attention will remain on the engaged or dynamic nature of water within the environment. Finally the structure of human behavior provides a meaningful center with which to construct a state water information system. It is this shift in perception which is crucial to integrate the fragmented discipline views of the environment in terms of human experience.
Directory of Water Resources Research Faculty at University of Minnesota and State and Private Colleges in Minnesota
(Water Resources Research Center, University of Minnesota, 1973-08) Walton, William C.
The purpose of this directory is to provide a listing of University of Minnesota and State and Private Colleges in Minnesota faculty having specialized training and research experience in fields directly related to water resources. In May 1973, 194 faculty members were requested to submit a short biographical sketch to the Water Resources Research Center for use in preparing this directory. Information received from 74 faculty are included in this directory. Faculty who did not submit biographical sketches are listed with names, affiliations and addresses. This directory consists of an alphabetized list of the faculty members, their departments, education, and experience. No attempt has been made, however, to be complete in listing publications, research, or other information. A keyword index has been provided to assist in locating faculty having particular specialties. There are faculty members with training and experience in all of the various fields directly related to water resources. Biologists are particularly numerous followed by Chemists, Geographers, Agricultural Engineers and Social Scientists, Ecologists, Sociologists, Public Administration and Political Scientists, and Economists. There are few Lawyers, Sanitary Engineers, Limnologists, Hydrologists, Hydraulic Engineers, Hydrogeologists, Forest Hydrologists, Climatologists, and Recreation Scientists.
Effects of Enrichment on Lake Superior Periphyton
(Water Resources Research Center, University of Minnesota, 1973-05) Krogstad, B.O.; Nelson, R.R.; Odlaug, T.O.; Olson, T.A.; Ruschmeyer, O.R.
The primary objective of this research as carried out in the summer and fall of 1969 and 1970 was to determine the possible changes which would take place in Lake Superior periphvton when polluting or enriching substances were added to the lake Hater. To this end, two natural rock basins were constructed at the lakeside along the north shore at Castle Danger, Minnesota for the purpose of exposing naturcll1y grown and regrowth periphyton to higher-than-normal levels of phosphate and nitrate. At weekly intervals, samples were collected and productivity was measured by enumeration of organisms, chlorophyll analysis, and weight, dry and organic. Lake Superior periphyton responds dramatical1 y to increased additions of phosphorus and nitrogen. If the near-shore area of Lake Superior ever received nutrients, such as those added to the experimental test pool at Castle Danger, a drastic change in the Lake.'s biota could occur. For example, as enrichment increased, the predominant clean-water diatom forms could eventually be replaced by the more tolerant green or blue-green algae. In addition, the very composition of the macrobenthic forms found in Lake Superior could be altered as a result of their dependence on the periphyton, which, as primary producers, form the first link in the food chain. Likewise, certain fish which depend on benthic organisms for their food may be adversely affected as an indirect result of a changing periphyton community. Having established that enrichment of Lake Superior water will drnmatically change the normal periphyton growth, another baseline has been established for future reference in the event that phosphorus and nitrogen rich wastes should be added to the 1ake. If certain types of algae appear as replacements of the normal flora now characterizing the periphyton and the productivity increases, one will have a means [or assessing the possible changes taking place in the water quality of Lake Superior.
Eighth Annual Report Water Resources Research Center
(Water Resources Research Center, University of Minnesota, 1972-08) Water Resources Research Center
The fiscal year 1972 budget of the Center was $449,704. The Center supported 20 research projects involving 21 faculty members. These research projects were concerned with: water resources administration, zooplankton biomass in Lake Superior, mathematical watershed system analysis, aquatic plants, eutrophic lakes, groundwater basin information, mist irrigation, watershed runoff, soil water movement, near-shore periphyton, environmental movement, Mississippi river ecology, perception of water resources problems, financing of water resources development, water pollution social factors, water resources attitudes, forest management, water resources policies, subsurface irrigation, and flood forecasting. About 67 student received employment through the Center's program. During fiscal year 1972, there were 25 reports generated through research projects.
Eleventh Annual Report Water Resources Research Center
(Water Resources Research Center, University of Minnesota, 1975-07) Water Resources Research Center
The fiscal year budget of the Center was $378,584. The Center supported 12 research projects involving 9 faculty members. These research projects were concerned with: developing a water resources research plan for Minnesota; developing indices for establishing water supply quality status and trends in Minnesota; analyses of organic carbon as a pollution index in Minnesota; spatial and temporal variation of precipitation in Minnesota; forecasting rainfall and snowmelt floods; determining the geochemical and biostratigraphic record of natural and pollution eutrophication of Minnesota lakes; bio-manipulation of Minnesota lakes for elimination of blue-green algae; determining the thermal pollution and second trophic level fauna in Lake Superior; social trends of water quality status and trends in Minnesota by remote sensing techniques; and hydronomic analysis of forest management alternatives for environmental quality. About 37 students received employment through the Center's program. During fiscal year 1975, there were 26 reports generated through research projects.
Engraved in Copper: The Art of Mapping Minnesota
(2017) Mattke, Ryan; Kubas, Alicia
Description of an exhibit at the University of Minnesota Libraries featuring copper printing plates, historical surveying techniques, and the evolution of government mapping and cartography for the United States Geological Survey.
Environmental Assessment and Design: Proceedings of a Seminar
(Water Resources Research Center, University of Minnesota, 1975-01) Water Resources Research Center
The purpose of this publication is to provide information on Federal and State (Minnesota) environmental impact statement requirements. Topics discussed include the intent of the environmental impact legislation as well as discussion regarding projects which require impact statements, and information which should be included in environmental impact statements. Case studies detailing positive and negative aspects of the environmental impact statement process are presented.
Fifteenth Annual Report Water Resources Research Center
(Water Resources Research Center, University of Minnesota, 1979-10) Blake, George R.; Espointour, Elizabeth
During fiscal year 1979 the Water Resources Research Center sponsored 12 research projects emphasizing quality of both surface and ground waters,public health aspects of groundwater pollution, irrigation, drainage, a trophic classification of lakes and social factors in resource development decisions. Twenty-four project-related reports were published by the Water Resources Research Center in 1979-80, including six bulletins. Each of two of the bulletins were sent to about 300 people. The other four were distributed by the Principal Investigator to about 250 people. In addition the Center answered about 500 requests for bulletins published in past years. The budget for the Water Resources Research Center was $320,922 derived from the University of Minnesota, the University of Minnesota Graduate School and the Office of Water Research and Technology of the U.S. Department of Interior. About 33 students were employed on water-related projects funded by the Center.

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