Browsing by Subject "aspirin"
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Item Aspirin May Help Prevent Heart Attack and Stroke(2010-07-21) Merkle, AlexanderAspirin can help prevent heart disease and stroke for some people. The aspirin used for prevention is affordable and found over-the-counter. Aspirin may not be the right choice for some people, especially those who are at risk for bleeding. Talk to your doctor before beginning to take aspirin to prevent heart disease and stroke.Item Atrial Fibrillation: Prevention of Strokes(2009-09-18) Anderson, SarahAtrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia seen in the clinical setting. This so called, irregularly irregular rhythm is associated with thrombosis, or clot formation, in the heart. These clots have the potential to break free and travel to different places in the body, including the brain. Clots traveling to the brain prevent adequate circulation, resulting in a stroke. This pamphlet describes atrial fibrillation, why it has the increased potential to form thromboses, which patients are at increased risks of strokes, and the treatment options including antithrombotic therapies.Item Drug development and novel combination strategies with phytochemicals for precision medicine in cancer(2017-08) Shin, Seung HoPrecision medicine refers to matching the most accurate and effective treatment to each individual, and has the potential to manage diseases. In cancer, however, developing drug candidates and finding effective combination strategies are in great demand. Here, we present a framework covering drug development against a specific oncoprotein, effective combinations of drug and natural compounds, and a physiologically-achievable chemoprevention strategy. First, HI-B1 is synthesized and identified as a direct β-catenin inhibitor. A colon cancer patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model with a high level of β-catenin is sensitive to HI-B1. Second, a combination of aspirin with a ginger extract shows synergistic effect. Combining a ginger extract with aspirin treatment can significantly reduce the effective dose of aspirin while retaining its therapeutic effects in PDX mouse models. Third, multiple phytochemicals at low doses accumulatively inhibit one key protein to exert their chemopreventive and therapeutic effects. Natural ERK2 inhibitors are discovered using chemoinformatics, crystallography, cell biology and biochemistry. Each outcome could be used in a precision oncology workflow to help prevent and treat cancer efficiently.Item Facts about stroke prevention(2008-12-01) Anderson, KristinStroke represents a heavy burden of disease in the US; it is the third leading cause of death. The risk of stroke after a first cerebrovascular event is high; annual estimates range from 4-11% in this population. Primary stroke prevention encompasses a variety of lifestyle changes such diet change, exercise, smoking cessation, and moderation of alcohol intake. The goal of these actions is to prevent conditions associated with an increased risk of stroke, including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. Once a patient has had a stroke, pharmacotherapy is indicated for prevention of recurrence. Studies thus far indicate that in patients with normal heart rhythms, antiplatelet therapy with aspirin is the best choice for reducing risk of another stroke. Patients with heart rhythms such as atrial fibrillation should be on oral anticoagulation therapy with warfarin.Item Low dose aspirin should be continued in the perioperative period for patients with cardiac risk factors who are scheduled for non-cardiac surgery(2010-11-02) McAdams, SeanLow-dose aspirin is strongly recommended for prevention of a heart attack in patients with known cardiac risk factors. These risk factors include previous heart attack, coronary artery disease (CAD), heart failure, poor kidney function, and insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Patients are commonly instructed to discontinue low-dose aspirin before surgery because of the anti-platelet effect of the drug may increase surgical bleeding and surgical complications. Despite these concerns, there is evidence that patients who take low-dose aspirin prior to surgery have less risk of heart attack, and do not have an increased number of complications from surgical bleeding.