Browsing by Subject "Location choice"
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Item Building a PECAS Activity Allocation Module: The experience from Caracas(Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2019) Fuenmayor, Geraldine; Abraham, John E.; Hunt, John DouglasWe applied the PECAS Framework, a spatial economic system for forecasting and policy analysis, to the region of Caracas, Venezuela. In this paper, we describe in 12 steps the elements developed for an Activity Allocation model in this region. A detailed inventory of built space and household characteristics was developed using a population synthesis technique. The model design and implementation reflected informal (slum) housing and social equity (with 20 residential space types), while accounting for the industrial mix of the region. Transport costs for economic interactions were calculated using a TRANUS travel demand model. We also describe the calibration of the model and the application to two policy scenarios: provision of public housing and increasing transit fares. The 12 steps can guide future researchers, specifically listing the data and processes that were applied in this context. The sensitivity tests showed how this type of model can be used to anticipate social equity effects due to policy. Based on the know-how gained, we provide valuable insights for other modelling teams, particularly for applications in developing economies.Item Essays in regional industrial organization(2013-08) Adams, Brian MichaelThis dissertation is a collection of three essays in regional industrial organization. Chapter 2 analyses zone pricing in retail drywall. Retailers post the exact same price in all stores in large regions, even though these price zone encompass markets of different size and competiveness. The chapter estimates what the costs of making finer price zones must be based on forgone profits of greater price discrimination. Chapters 3 and 4 examine how motor vehicle parts suppliers react to changes in assembly plant location. Chapter 3 estimates a model of location choice in which forward-looking parts supplier decide where to enter and when to exit based on their expectations of the evolution of the industry. This model identifies what attracts suppliers and how they will react to changes in the alignment of assembly plants. Chapter 4 uses a natural experiment to find how a new assembly plant opening affects the number of supplier plants and jobs within various distances.Item The evolution of choice set formation in dwelling and location with rising prices: A decadal panel analysis in the Greater Toronto Area(Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2021) Hawkins, Jason; Nurul Habib, KhandkerHome location choice is based on both the characteristics of the dwelling (e.g., size, style, number of bedrooms) and the location (e.g., proximity to work, quality of schools, accessibility). Recent years have seen a steep increase in the price of housing in many major cities. In this research, we examine how these price increases are affecting the types of dwelling and locations considered by households. A large sample of real estate listings from 2006 and 2016 from the Greater Toronto Area is used to develop the empirical models. Two recently developed discrete choice models are used in the study: a nested logit model with latent class feedback (LCF) and a semi-compensatory independent availability logit (SCIAL) model. A method of alternative aggregation is proposed to overcome the computational hurdle that often impedes the estimation of choice set models. We find a significant increase in the probability of larger households considering townhouses and apartments over detached single-family dwellings between 2006 and 2016.Item A joint model of place of residence (POR) and place of work (POW): Making use of Gibbs sampling technique to overcome arbitrary assumptions in contexts of data limitation(Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2019) Zhang, Hengyang; Hawkins, Jason; Nurul Habib, KhandkerPlace of residence (POR) and place of work (POW) are two spatial pivots defining patterns of travel behavior. These choices are considered part of long-term choice influencing short-term daily travel choices. Hence, POR-POW distributions are input into almost all daily travel demand models. However, in many cases, POW-POR is modelled in an ad-hoc way considering the gravity-based or entropy is maximizing aggregate modelling approach. Lack of data on the sequence of choices related to POR and POW is often blamed for avoiding using disaggregate choice model. Recognizing such data limitation, this paper presents an alternative methodology of modelling joint distribution of POW-POW that uses disaggregate choice models without necessarily knowing the sequence of POR and POW choices. It uses the conditional probability break downs of joint POR-POW choice probabilities as depicted in the Gibbs sampling approach. This allows capturing effects of household socioeconomic characteristics, zonal land-use characteristics, and modal accessibility factors in the POR-POW models. The model is applied for a case study in the city of Ottawa. Results reveal that the proposed methodology can replicate observed patterns of POR-POW with a high degree of accuracy.Item Location choice for a continuous simulation of long periods under changing conditions(Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2014) Märki, Fabian; Charypar, David; Axhausen, KayThe authors propose a location choice procedure that is capable of handling changing conditions of aspects with different time horizons. It integrates expected travel time, current location effectiveness, prospective location effectiveness, and individual unexplained location perception into a decision heuristic that considers different planning horizons simultaneously and decides on-the-fly about future location visits. Multiple simulation runs illustrate agents' location choice behavior in various situations and confirm that the model enables agents to simultaneously consider seasonal effects, weather conditions, expected travel times, and individual unexplained location preference in their location choice.Item Modeling enterprise location choice decision behavior(Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2021) Nguyen Cao, YThis study presents a location choice model that incorporates urban spatial effects for enterprises. A modeling framework is developed to analyze decisions regarding location choice for enterprises using a series of discrete choice models including multinomial logit without any urban spatial effects, multinomial logit incorporating urban spatial effects, and mixed logit incorporating urban spatial effects. In this framework, urban spatial effects, such as the urban spatial correlation among enterprises in deterministic terms and the urban spatial correlation among zones in the error term, are captured by mixed logit models in particular and discrete choice models in general. The results indicate that the urban spatial effects and the land prices in a given zone strongly affect the decision-making process of all the enterprises in the Tokyo metropolitan area. Moreover, the important role of urban spatial effects in the proposed model will be clarification through comparing the three above models. This comparison will be implemented on the basis of three types of indicators such as the log likelihood ratio, Akaike information indicator, and hit ratio of each model.