JTLU Volume 2, No. 3 (2010)
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Table of Contents:
Networks, Commuting and Spatial Structures: An Introduction, pp. 1-4
The evolution of the commuting network in Germany, pp. 5-37
Modeling commuting systems through a complex network analysis, pp. 39-55
User inequity implications of road network vulnerability, pp. 57-73
Perceptions of public transport travel time and their effect on choice-sets among car drivers, pp. 75-86
Preferences for commuting in sparsely populated areas, pp. 87-107
Commuting in Belgian metropolitan areas, pp. 109-131
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Browsing JTLU Volume 2, No. 3 (2010) by Subject "Commuting"
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Item Commuting in Belgian metropolitan areas(Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2010) Verhetsel, Ann; Thomas, Isabelle; Beelen, MarjanIn order to understand patterns of urban commuter flows, insight is required into urban spatial structure (and vice versa). The present contribution first provides a concise overview of the theoretical perspectives from which economists and geographers approach commuting issues. Subsequently, the focus shifts to the classical spatial-economic urban models and how they explain commuter movements. We conduct a number of cluster analyses from which we are able to derive a commuting typology of city region areas. We conclude that distance (which also comprises journey time and proximity of traffic infrastructure), housing characteristics, housing environment, and income continue to play key roles in commuting patterns in the metropolitan areas under consideration.Item The evolution of the commuting network in Germany(Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2010) Patuelli, Roberto; Reggiani, Aura; Nijkamp, Peter; Bade, Franz-JosefThe analysis of the structure and evolution of complex networks has recently received considerable attention. Although research on networks originated in mathematical studies dating back to the nineteenth century (or earlier), and developed further in the mid-twentieth century with contributions to graph theory, interest in its application to the social sciences is currently growing—particularly in regional science and transportation, because of the spatial relevance of networks. This paper presents a dynamic outlook for the German commuting network from the perspective of the German labor market districts. The focus of this paper is to explore how the German commuting network evolves, from two perspectives: space and connectivity. We consider home-to-work commuters moving between 439 German districts for the years 1995 and 2005. The results of the present analysis make it possible to identify, among the main German districts, the most “open” and connected ones. These emerging districts can be considered as potential “hubs” in the German commuting system—that is, as attractors from the perspective of spatial economics, and as interconnectors from the perspective of networking.Item Networks, Commuting and Spatial Structures: An Introduction(Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2010) Reggiani, Aura; Rietveld, PietThis article introduces vol. 2, no. 3 issue of Journal of Transport and Land Use.Item Preferences for commuting in sparsely populated areas: The case of Sweden(Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2010) Sandow, Erika; Westin, KerstinIn a time of decreased inclination to migrate and an increased place attachment, increasing commuting can improve the functionality of local labor markets. In regional development policy in Sweden, facilitating increased commuting over larger geographical areas is therefore viewed as essential for enhancing the supply of competent labor in all parts of the country and decreasing spatial segmentation. Building on an analysis of data from a survey of Swedish residents’ commuting options and preferences, this paper focuses on commuting in a relatively sparsely populated and peripheral area in northern Sweden. Further, the question of whether increased commuting is socially sustainable from a commuter’s perspective is discussed. The point of departure is that the individual and the individual’s context affect commuting behavior through social norms, geographical structure and available infrastructure. With respect to travel patterns and mode choice, a gender perspective is included in the analyses. The results show that the geographic and socioeconomic structure of the labor market place time restrictions on people’s commuting behavior and as a consequence people’s daily reach in sparsely populated areas is restricted. Geographical structure, available infrastructure, and socioeconomic factors (such as education, employment, and family situation) are also found to restrict women’s access to the local labor market to a greater extent than men’s. Furthermore, the study shows that the inclination to commute declines rapidly when commuting times exceed 45 minutes, regardless of gender, transport mode, and socioeconomic factors. Considering distances and the provision of public transport in sparsely populated areas, the car is valued as the most optimal mode of transport when commuting. If regional growth is to be promoted by facilitating commuting over longer distances, a higher level of car dependency must be accepted in sparsely populated areas.