Browsing by Author "Jones, Robert S"

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    Data for Extracellular Phosphate Modulation and Polyphosphate Accumulation by Corynebacterium matruchotii and Streptococcus mutans
    (2024-11-21) Jones, Debarati; Jones, Robert S; rsjones@umn.edu; Jones, Robert S; B-A-M Research Lab School of Dentistry
    An alternative and understudied microbial mechanism that may influence demineralization is the microbially mediated ion exchange of Ca2+ and orthophosphate (Pi), which alters the saturation state of the mineral species within the surface enamel. There is a need to examine the ability of members of the oral microbiome to modulate Ca2+ and Pi, which control mineral solubility, in order to effectively evaluate mineralization therapies to improve oral health. (2) Methods: Pi uptake was measured using an ascorbic acid assay during a BHI liquid culture growth of Corynebacterium matruchotii and Streptococcus mutans for up to 20 h. The initial and endpoint medium Ca2+ levels were measured using ICP-OES. Bacterial cells were examined at different growth stages using DAPI/polyP binding emission at 525 nm to detect the presence of internalized macromolecules of polyphosphates (polyP) that could drive Pi uptake. (3) Results: C. matruchotii (p = 0.0061) substantially accumulated Pi (3.84 mmol/L), with a concomitant formation of polyP. In contrast, S. mutans did not take up Pi or accumulate polyP. No significant Ca2+ drawdown in the media was observed in either strain. (4) Conclusions: This study suggests that when examining the future efficacy of prevention technologies to improve, in vitro assays may consider including specific oral bacteria capable of substantial Pi uptake.
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    Data for Utilizing a degradation prediction pathway system to understand how a novel methacrylate derivative polymer with flipped external ester groups retains physico-mechanical properties following esterase exposure
    (2024-08-22) Kumar, Dhiraj; Ghose, Debarati; Mutreja, Isha; Bolskar, Robert; Aparicio, Conrado; Jones, Robert S; rsjones@umn.edu; Jones, Robert S; B-A-M Lab
    The region of failure for current methacrylates (i.e. derivatives of acrylates) are ester bond linkages that hydrolyze in the presence of salivary and bacterial esterases that break the polymer network backbone. This effect decreases the mechanical properties of methacrylate-based materials. The ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) or novel ethylene glycol ethyl methacrylate (EGEMA) discs were prepared using 40μL of the curing mixture containing photo/co-initiators for 40second in a PTFE mold at 1000mW/cm2. The degree of conversion was used as a quality control measure for the prepared disks, followed by physical, mechanical, and chemical characterization of discs properties before and after cholesterol esterase treatment. After 9 weeks of standardized cholesterol esterase (CEase) exposure, EGDMA discs showed exponential loss of material (p=0.0296), strength (p=0.0014) and increased water sorption (p=0.0002) compared to EGEMA discs. We integrated a degradation prediction pathway system to LC/MS and GC/MS analyses to elucidate the degradation by-products of both EGEMA and EGDMA polymers. GC/MS analysis demonstrated that the esterase catalysis was directed to central polymer backbone breakage, producing ethylene glycol, for EGDMA, and to side chain breakage, producing ethanol, for EGEMA. The flipped external ester group linkage design is attributed to EGEMA showing higher resistance to esterase biodegradation and changes in mechanical and physical properties than EGDMA. EGEMA is a potential substitute for common macromer diluents, such as EGDMA, based on its resistance to biodegradation effects. This work inspires the flipped external group design to be applied to analogs of current larger, hydrophobic strength bearing macromers used in future dental material formulations. The data in this record supports the figures in the related manuscript.
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    Investigating the Cytocompatibility of a Novel Flipped Ester Group Design Polymer Composites against Oral Keratinocytes
    (2022-05-09) Kumar, Dhiraj; Bolskar, Robert D; Mutreja, Isha; Jones, Robert S; rsjones@umn.edu; Jones, Robert S; Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Isha Mutreja; B-A-M (Biofilm-Apatite-Microbiome) Lab, Robert S Jones, Dhiraj Kumar; TDA Research Inc, Robert D Bolskar
    The methacrylate based polymeric materials have been widely used in dentistry because of the ease in tuning the physico-mechanical properties along with their ability to polymerize at room temperature in a period of seconds without causing deleterious exothermal effects. However, these materials are susceptible to hydrolysis of functional ester groups in the polymer backbone which prompted the development of a novel designer polymer with ester groups present in the side chain instead of the polymer backbone. Previously we have compared the physico-mechanical and stability profile of the new polymer with traditional EGDMA using accelerated aging, esterase, and bacterial incubation models. Another important parameter for polymer design in biological systems, such as use in dentistry, is polymer biocompatibility. The goal of this pilot investigation was to assess the cytocompatibility of novel design polymer EGEMA compared to EGDMA, a diluting agent in dental formulations, and a commercially available formulation Helioseal® (Ivoclar Vivodent). Material discs of the EGEMA, EGDMA, and Helioseal® were test in the presence of oral keratinocytes (TERT-2/OKF-6). After assessing oral keratinocytes cellular metabolic activity and cell morphology, the investigation suggested EGEMA and EGDMA showed comparable cytocompatibility that was statistical more favorable than Helioseal®.
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    A Novel Methacrylate Derivative Polymer That Resists Bacterial Cell-Mediated Biodegradation Data Sharing Archive
    (2021-11-22) Kumar, Dhiraj; Ghose, Debarati; Mutreja, Isha; Bolskar, Robert; Jones, Robert S; rsjones@umn.edu; Jones, Robert S; B-A-M (Biofilm-Apatite-Microbiome) Lab, Robert S Jones DDS PhD, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota; TDA Research, Inc.
    We studied biodegradation resistance of a custom synthesized (by TDA Research Inc) novel ethylene glycol ethyl methacrylate (EGEMA) with ester bond linkages that are external to the central polymer backbone when polymerized. Experiments were designed to compare degradation resistance with Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) with internal ester bond linkages. The data has been published in an article titled "A Novel Methacrylate Derivative Polymer That Resists Bacterial Cell-Mediated Biodegradation" in the Journal of Biomedical Materials Research: Part B - Applied Biomaterials. The data in this record supports the figures in the published manuscript.