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Browsing by Author "Hobbie, Sarah E."

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    Can urban trees help protect our lakes and streams?
    (2011) Nidzgorski, Daniel A.; Hobbie, Sarah E.
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    Developing a Street Sweeping Credit for Stormwater Phosphorus Source Reduction: Final Report
    (2020-09) Hobbie, Sarah E.; King, Rachel; Belo, Tessa; Baker, Lawrence A.; Finlay, Jacques C.
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    Horticultural availability and homeowner preferences drive plant diversity and composition in urban yards
    (2019-12-30) Cavender-Bares, Jeannine; Padullés Cubino, Josep; Pearse, William D.; Hobbie, Sarah E.; Lange, A.J.; Knapp, Sonja; Nelson, Kristen C.; cavender@umn.edu; Cavender-Bares, Jeannine; Twin Cities Household Ecosystem Project
    Understanding the factors that influence biodiversity in urban areas is important for informing management efforts aimed at enhancing the ecosystem services in urban settings and curbing the spread of invasive introduced species. We determined the ecological and socioeconomic factors that influence patterns of plant richness, phylogenetic diversity and composition in 133 private household yards in the Minneapolis-Saint Paul Metropolitan area, Minnesota, USA. We compared the composition of spontaneously occurring plant species and those planted by homeowners with composition in natural areas (at the Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve) and in the horticulture pool of species available from commercial growers. Yard area and fertilizer frequency influenced species richness of the spontaneous species but expressed homeowner values did not. In contrast, the criteria that homeowners articulated as important in their management decisions—including aesthetics, wildlife, neatness and food provision—significantly predicted cultivated species richness. Strikingly, the composition of plant species that people cultivated in their yards resembled the taxonomic and phylogenetic composition of species available commercially. In contrast, the taxonomic and phylogenetic composition of spontaneous species showed high similarity to natural areas. The large fraction of introduced species that homeowners planted was a likely consequence of what was available for them to purchase. The study links the composition and diversity of yard flora to their natural and anthropogenic sources and sheds light on the human factors and values that influence the plant diversity in residential areas of a major urban system. Enhanced understanding of the influences of the sources of plants—both native and introduced—that enter urban systems and the human factors and values that influence their diversity is critical to identifying the levers to manage urban biodiversity and ecosystem services.
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    MSRC2019: Mass, moisture, nitrogen, and phosphorus in street sweepings collected from five cities in the Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota
    (2020-09-21) Hobbie, Sarah E.; Baker, Lawrence A.; Finlay, Jacques C.; shobbie@umn.edu; Hobbie, Sarah E; Departments of Ecology, Evolution & Behavior, and Bioproducts & Biosystems Engineering
    Quality of many urban water bodies is impaired because of phosphorus (P) loading from stormwater runoff. Trees near impervious surfaces contribute significantly to this P loading. Mounting evidence indicates that street sweeping, by removing nutrient-rich litterfall from streets, can effectively reduce inputs of pollutants to stormwater and reduce maintenance of downstream BMPs. Yet, street sweeping remains an underdeveloped BMP for P source reduction, as currently there is no easily implementable method for crediting sweeping practices that is approved by the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA). Thus, water quality credits for street sweeping practices are typically not applied to permit conditions such as Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDL) Waste Load Allocations in Minnesota. Through a UMN-MPCA-city partnership, we collected data on street sweeping loads including: sweeper volume, wet mass of solids, dry mass of solids, and nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in sweepings and loads removed by different street sweeper types throughout the snow-free season (spring, summer, fall), across the range of tree canopy covers and species composition typical of Minnesota’s cities. Partner cities included Forest Lake, Minneapolis, Prior Lake, Roseville, and Shoreview.
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    The Potential for Terrestrial Carbon Sequestration in Minnesota: A Report to the Department of Natural Resources from the Minnesota Terrestrial Carbon Sequestration Initiative
    (University of Minnesota, 2008-02) Anderson, James L.; Beduhn, Rebecca A.; Current, Dean; Espeleta, Javier F.; Fissore, Cinzia; Gangeness, Bjorn; Harting, John; Hobbie, Sarah E.; Nater, Edward A.; Reich, Peter B.
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    Remotely detected aboveground plant function predicts belowground processes in two prairie diversity experiments
    (2021-06-08) Cavender-Bares, Jeannine; Schweiger, Anna K.; Gamon, John; Gholizadeh, Hamed; Kimberly, Helzer; Lapadat, Cathleen; Madritch, Michael; Townsend, Philip A.; Wang, Zhihui; Hobbie, Sarah E.; cavender@umn.edu; Cavender-Bares, Jeannine
    Imaging spectroscopy provides the opportunity to incorporate leaf and canopy optical data into ecological studies, but the extent to which remote sensing of vegetation can enhance the study of belowground processes is not well understood. In terrestrial systems, aboveground and belowground vegetation quantity and quality are coupled, and both influence belowground microbial processes and nutrient cycling, providing a potential link between remote sensing and belowground processes. We hypothesized that ecosystem productivity, and the chemical, structural and phylogenetic-functional composition of plant communities would be detectable with remote sensing and could be used to predict belowground plant and soil processes in two grassland biodiversity experiments—the BioDIV experiment at Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve in Minnesota and the Wood River Nature Conservancy experiment in Nebraska. Specifically, we tested whether aboveground vegetation chemistry and productivity, as detected from airborne sensors, predict soil properties, microbial processes and community composition. Imaging spectroscopy data were used to map aboveground biomass and green vegetation cover, functional traits and phylogenetic-functional community composition of vegetation. We examined the relationships between the image-derived variables and soil carbon and nitrogen concentration, microbial community composition, biomass and extracellular enzyme activity, and soil processes, including net nitrogen mineralization. In the BioDIV experiment—which has low overall diversity and productivity despite high variation in each—belowground processes were driven mainly by variation in the amount of organic matter inputs to soils. As a consequence, soil respiration, microbial biomass and enzyme activity, and fungal and bacterial composition and diversity were significantly predicted by remotely sensed vegetation cover and biomass. In contrast, at Wood River—where plant diversity and productivity were consistently higher—remotely sensed functional, chemical and phylogenetic composition of vegetation predicted belowground extracellular enzyme activity, microbial biomass, and net nitrogen mineralization rates. Aboveground biomass (or cover) did not predict these belowground attributes. The strong, contrasting associations between the quantity and chemistry of aboveground inputs with belowground soil processes and properties provide a basis for using imaging spectroscopy to understand belowground processes across productivity gradients in grassland systems. However, a mechanistic understanding of how above and belowground components interact among different ecosystems remains critical to extending these results broadly.