Population-level antibiotic treatment policies in the setting of antibiotic resistance: A mathematical model of mass treatment of Helicobacter pylori in Mexico
2017-10-23
Loading...
View/Download File
Persistent link to this item
Statistics
View StatisticsJournal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Title
Population-level antibiotic treatment policies in the setting of antibiotic resistance: A mathematical model of mass treatment of Helicobacter pylori in Mexico
Authors
Published Date
2017-10-23
Publisher
SAGE
Type
Other
Abstract
Purpose: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the strongest known risk factor for gastric cancer and peptic ulcer disease. Programs under consideration in high risk countries to prevent H. pylori- related diseases via broad population treatment could be complicated by increasing levels of antibiotic resistance (ABR). We evaluate the impact of different mass-treatment policies on H. pylori infection and ABR in Mexico using a mathematical model.
Methods: We developed an age-structured, susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) transmission model of H. pylori infection in Mexico that included both treatment-sensitive and treatment- resistant strains. Antibiotic treatment was assumed to either clear sensitive strains or induce acquired resistance. In addition, the model included the effects of both background antibiotic use and antibiotic treatment specifically intended to treat H. pylori infection. Model parameters were derived from the published literature and estimated from primary data. Using the model, we projected H. pylori infection and resistance levels over 20 years without treatment and for three hypothetical population-wide treatment policies assumed to be implemented in 2018: (1) treat children only (2-6 year-olds); (2) treat older adults only (>40 years old); (3) treat everyone regardless of age. Clarithromycin -introduced in Mexico in 1991- was the antibiotic considered for the treatment policies. In sensitivity analyses, we considered different mixing patterns and trends of background antibiotic use. We validated the model against historical values of prevalence of infection and ABR of H. pylori.
Results: In the absence of a mass-treatment policy, our model predicts infection begins to rise in 2021, mostly caused by treatment-induced resistant strains as a product of background use of antibiotics. The impact of the policies is immediate on decreasing infection but also increasing ABR (see Figure). For example, policy 3 decreases infection by 11% but increases ABR by 23% after the first year of implementation. The relative size of the decrease in infection is 50% the increase in ABR for policies 2 and 3, and 20% for policy 1. These results agree across all scenarios considered in sensitivity analysis.
Conclusions: Conclusions: Mass-treatment policies have a higher effect on increasing ABR letting resistant strains take over infection. Given the high proportion of ABR at the time of the policy implementation, mass treatment strategies are not recommended for Mexico.
Description
Conference poster presented at the 39th Annual Meeting of the Society for Medical Decision Making Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, October 22-25, 2017
Related to
Replaces
License
Collections
Series/Report Number
Funding information
Isbn identifier
Doi identifier
10.1177/0272989X17751695
Previously Published Citation
Suggested citation
Alarid-Escudero, Fernando. (2017). Population-level antibiotic treatment policies in the setting of antibiotic resistance: A mathematical model of mass treatment of Helicobacter pylori in Mexico. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, 10.1177/0272989X17751695.
Content distributed via the University Digital Conservancy may be subject to additional license and use restrictions applied by the depositor. By using these files, users agree to the Terms of Use. Materials in the UDC may contain content that is disturbing and/or harmful. For more information, please see our statement on harmful content in digital repositories.