Optimized Scheduling Of Electric Vehicle Charging And Discharging In A Vehicle-To-Grid System

Abstract

The increase in electric vehicle (EV) demand and the associated electricity load on the power network have made researchers to start working on managing and controlling EVs' connection time to the electricity grid. Vehicle to grid concept was introduced to enable EVs to connect to the grid and discharge their extra electricity to the network so that the utility company could use it for regulation purposes. In this thesis, offline and online scheduling optimization models are developed for EV charging and discharging. The objective of the optimization models is to maximize the satisfaction of EV customers. Customer satisfaction is incorporated using different factors through multiple scenarios. In the offline model, all EVs and grid information are known for the V2G management to decide the scheduling for EVs. Mixed integer linear programming is used to solve the offline model. The result of the offline model is the optimum solution the scheduling problem could get. On the other hand in the online model, which is a more realistic case, EVs arrival and departure times and their parameters are not identified in advance. For this model, rolling horizon optimization is used in the online scheduling algorithm. Applying rolling horizon enables the author to get the optimal solution for the online model. Mixed integer linear programing is linked with a MATLAB algorithm to solve the online scheduling model. A numerical example, including a large number of EVs in a parking lot is generated to test the efficacy of both proposed models.