Monitoring Asbestos Fibers in Lake Superior
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Monitoring Asbestos Fibers in Lake Superior
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1985
Publisher
University of Minnesota Duluth
Type
Report
Abstract
Water samples were analyzed from 40 sites at
three depths (surface, middle, and 1 m above bottom) and
sediment samples from 28 sites for amphibole and chrysotile
asbestos fibers. Two analytical methods were used:
x-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to estimate mass concentration
of amphibole minerals and electron microscopy
(EM) to estimate the actual number of fibers. The concentration
of fibers was highest in samples collected from
the western end of Lake Superior where water samples had
concentrations that ranged up to 68 million fibers/1 and
sediment samples up to 9.6 million fibers/mg of sediment.
Amphibole fiber concentrations were moderate to low in
the northern section of Lake Superior where water samples
ranged from below detection up to 8.5 million fibers/1
and sediment samples ranged from below detection up to
0.5 million fibers/mg of sediment. Amphibole fiber
concentrations in the eastern end of Lake Superior were
much lower than in the western end. Generally, water
concentrations ranged from below detection up to 1.6
million fibers/I and sediment concentrations from below
detection up to .36 million fibers/mg of sediment. The
origin of all fibers throughout Lake Superior cannot be
determined, but the higher concentrations and the elemental
composition of fibers in the western end of Lake
Superior suggests that the Reserve Mining taconite facility
was the major contributor.
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The year given (1985) is an estimate.
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Niemi, Gerald J; Harriss, Donald K. (1985). Monitoring Asbestos Fibers in Lake Superior. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/258084.
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