Effect of manipulation of growth and fermentation patterns on nutrient availability and performance of feedlot cattle
2019-08
Loading...
View/Download File
Persistent link to this item
Statistics
View StatisticsJournal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Title
Effect of manipulation of growth and fermentation patterns on nutrient availability and performance of feedlot cattle
Authors
Published Date
2019-08
Publisher
Type
Thesis or Dissertation
Abstract
Alteration of ruminal environment by nutritional strategy presents opportunities for manipulating beef cattle growth. Changing fermentation patterns by altering feed type can impact both the composition and rate of gain in beef cattle. Three experiments were conducted to examine the effect of manipulation of growth and fermentation patterns on nutrient availability and performance of feedlot cattle. Experiment 1 studied the impact of ruminal environment on the passage of omega-3 fatty acids through the rumen of grass-fed verses grain-fed cattle. Omasal samples were collected from steers fed either fresh green chop, a high grain diet supplemented with flaxseed oil, or a high grain diet supplemented with corn oil. Regardless of diet, fatty acids with the greatest number of unsaturated bonds found in the highest abundance were transformed preferentially. Despite no differences (P = 0.88) in omega-3 transformation across treatments, grain-fed cattle with a flaxseed oil supplement demonstrated the greatest (P < 0.01) g of omega-3 fatty acid flow escaping biohydrogenation due to an increase in intake of dietary omega-3 fatty acids. Experiment 2 evaluated how utilization of bio-fuel coproducts impacts rumen environment and fatty acid profile at end point of fermentation. Omasal samples were collected from steers fed a steam flaked corn (SFC) basal diet with a portion of corn replaced by distillers grains (DGS) (40%), crude glycerin (GLY) (10%) or both. Total unsaturated fatty acids concentration in digesta were not different (P = 0.43) for the main effect of GLY, which indicates GLY is an effective alternative to corn when provided at the dietary concentrations evaluated in this study. The decrease (P < 0.01) in unsaturated fatty acids in digesta for main effect of DGS may be beneficial for shelf life stability of meat. Experiment 3 used a meta-analysis approach to examine how nutritional strategy and performance during a post-weaning growing phase can be used to predict finishing performance and carcass characteristics. When examining feedlot and carcass performance attributes by growing strategy factors, like ADGgrowing, DOFgrowing, and initial BWfinishing, interacted to create the most optimal compensatory gain response. Optimal combinations of DOFgrowing and initial BWgrowing differed between performance characteristics (Table 4.6) but as an average across dressing percent, LMA, Final BWfinishing, and HCW it was identified that maximized performance occurred when cattle began the growing phase around 240 kg.
Description
University of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. August 2019. Major: Animal Sciences. Advisors: Marshall Stern, Alfredo DiCostanzo. 1 computer file (PDF); xii, 167 pages.
Related to
Replaces
License
Collections
Series/Report Number
Funding information
Isbn identifier
Doi identifier
Previously Published Citation
Suggested citation
Larson, Haley. (2019). Effect of manipulation of growth and fermentation patterns on nutrient availability and performance of feedlot cattle. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/209094.
Content distributed via the University Digital Conservancy may be subject to additional license and use restrictions applied by the depositor. By using these files, users agree to the Terms of Use. Materials in the UDC may contain content that is disturbing and/or harmful. For more information, please see our statement on harmful content in digital repositories.