Cold tolerance of emerald ash borer parasitoids: Oobius agrili Zhang and Huang (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), Spathius agrili Yang (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), and Tetrastichus planipennisi Yang (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

Hanson, Anthony Arden
2013-05
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Cold tolerance of emerald ash borer parasitoids: Oobius agrili Zhang and Huang (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), Spathius agrili Yang (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), and Tetrastichus planipennisi Yang (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

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2013-05

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Three Chinese parasitoids are currently being released in North America to control emerald ash borer, <italic>Agrilus planipennis </italic>Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae): <italic>Spathius agrili</italic> Yang (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), <italic>Tetrastichus planipennisi</italic> Yang (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), and <italic>Oobius agrili</italic> Zhang and Huang (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). The degree to which cold climates may limit their potential distributions in North America is unknown, especially in areas like Minnesota that experience a wide range of winter temperatures. To assess parasitoid cold tolerance, I developed a new thermocouple design to reliably measure the temperature of small insects, such as parasitoids. I then exposed the parasitoids to temperatures from 0 to -35&deg;C in the lab to assess their cold tolerance. NAPPFAST software was used to forecast overwintering mortality of <italic>S. agrili</italic> and <italic>T. planipennisi</italic> in North America. These forecasts of overwintering mortality will aid researchers and policy makers in deciding where the parasitoids should be released.

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University of Minnesota M.S. thesis. May 2013. Major: Entomology. Advisor: Robert C. Venette. 1 computer file (PDF); vi, 96 pages, appendix 1.

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Hanson, Anthony Arden. (2013). Cold tolerance of emerald ash borer parasitoids: Oobius agrili Zhang and Huang (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), Spathius agrili Yang (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), and Tetrastichus planipennisi Yang (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/156697.

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