Comparisons of the shaping abilities of three NiTi file systems using rotational versus reciprocal movements

Abstract

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine if there were any differences in shaping abilities between three NiTi file systems when using rotational versus reciprocal movements in simulated S-shaped canals, as well as compare the time required to complete canal preparations.Methods: One hundred twenty S-shaped canals were filled with ink and pre- instrumentation images were obtained using a stereomicroscope. Experimental canal preparations where completed using K3XF in rotary movement, K3XF in reciprocal movement, Twisted File (TF) in rotary movement, TF in reciprocal movement, ProTaper Next (PTN) in rotary movement, and PTN in reciprocal movement. Pre-instrumentation and post-instrumentation images were superimposed, and standardized for area difference measurements. Pre-instrumentation and post-instrumentation area differences were measured in seven defined regions and the mean differences were compared between the experimental instrumentation groups. Time required to complete canal preparations was recorded for each group for comparisons.Results: Statistical analysis showed there were significant differences between NiTi file systems, instrumentation movement type, as well as time to complete canal preparations. The TF file system performed better in shaping abilities than the PTN file system followed by the K3XF file system in a majority of the defined areas measured. The TF file system performed the best in reciprocal motion in all defined regions compared to the TF in rotary motion. Reciprocal motion was better in shaping ability compared to rotary motion in a majority of the defined areas measured. The K3XF file system in reciprocal motion completed canal preparations quicker than the K3XF file system in rotary motion. Conclusions: Differences were found between K3XF, TF, and PTN file systems in regards to shaping abilities, rotatory versus reciprocal motions, and canal preparation times.