Peanut allergic children residing in Olmsted County, MN: an examination of the prevalence in 2007, incidence rates from 1999-2007 and association between peanut-specific IgE level, tolerance and reaction severity.
2011-05
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Peanut allergic children residing in Olmsted County, MN: an examination of the prevalence in 2007, incidence rates from 1999-2007 and association between peanut-specific IgE level, tolerance and reaction severity.
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2011-05
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION
Peanut allergy is a significant concern due to increased prevalence over the last
few decades, potential severity of a reaction, and the large percentage of children who do
not acquire tolerance. This dissertation evaluated rates of diagnosis over time and
examined whether peanut-specific IgE level has clinical relevance regarding tolerance
and reaction severity.
METHODS
Data on all children with a peanut allergy diagnosis between 1999-2007 in
Olmsted County, MN was collected using the Rochester Epidemiology Project. The first
study estimated the prevalence in 2007 and incidence rate of peanut allergy diagnoses
from 1999-2007. This study further examined whether the number of peanut allergy
diagnoses from 1999-2007 varied by reaction severity. The second study estimated the
percentage of children that developed tolerance to peanuts and assessed the association
between peanut-specific IgE level and tolerance. The third study evaluated the
association between peanut-specific IgE level and reaction severity.
RESULTS
The 2007 prevalence of peanut allergy was 0.59%. There were statistically
significant lower rates of peanut allergy diagnoses among females (82.0%) as compared
to males and among children aged 3-17 years (99.9%) as compared to those aged 0-2
years. There was a significant 1.7-fold increase in peanut allergy diagnoses from 3.84
cases per 10,000 children in 1999-2001 to 6.53 per 10,000 children in 2005-2007. There was not a significant difference in the number of children having had mild as compared
to moderate/severe reactions over time. In this sample, 16.4% developed tolerance to
peanuts. Children with peanut-specific IgE class levels 4-6 as compared to those with
levels 1-3 had a significant 91.0% reduced likelihood to develop tolerance after
adjustment for number of atopic conditions and a 2.15 non-significant greater odds for a
moderate/severe reaction after adjustment for age at diagnosis.
CONCLUSION
The incidence rate of peanut allergy increased irrespective of severity of first
reaction and most children did not acquire tolerance. The majority of those diagnosed
with peanut allergy were males and 0-2 years old. Peanut-specific IgE level was not
associated with initial reaction severity, but was found to be a useful prognostic tool for
tolerance.
Description
University of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. May 2011. Major: Epidemiology. Advisors: Charles Oberg, Pamela Schreiner. 1 computer file (PDF); xii, 153 pages.
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Rinaldi, Maria Carol. (2011). Peanut allergic children residing in Olmsted County, MN: an examination of the prevalence in 2007, incidence rates from 1999-2007 and association between peanut-specific IgE level, tolerance and reaction severity.. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/108270.
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