Production of induced regulatory T-cells through CRISPR/Cas9-based gene editing

Abstract

Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) are a subset of T-cells essential for maintaining immune tolerance and their dysregulation has been found to have a central role in the progression of various autoimmune diseases. The transplantations of Treg as a form of immune therapy has and continues to be an attractive method for the treatment of such disease based on their immuno-modulatory properties. Despite its potential, Treg adoptive cell transfer therapy is hampered by limited isolation efficiency due to low frequencies in human peripheral blood and poor in vitro expansion of a pure population. Herein, a novel CRISPR/Cas9 based technique is described utilizing AAV incorporation of strong transcriptional elements into the promoter region of the Treg master transcription factor, FOXP3, to upregulate expression in isolated primary T-cells and drive them toward a Treg phenotype.