From GPS and Google Maps to Spatial Computing
2015-05-14
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From GPS and Google Maps to Spatial Computing
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2015-05-14
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Abstract
From virtual globes (e.g., Google Maps) to global positioning system, spatial
computing has transformed society via pervasive services (e.g., Uber and other
location-based services), ubiquitous systems (e.g., geographical information system,
spatial database management system), and pioneering scientific methods (e.g., spatial
statistics). These accomplishment are just the tip of the iceberg and there is a strong
potential for a compelling array of new breakthroughs such as spatial big data,
localization indoors and underground, time-travel (and depth) in virtual globes,
persistent monitoring of environmental hazards, accurate spatio-temporal predictive
models, etc. For example, a McKinsey report projected an annual $600B saving from
leveraging spatial big data (e.g., smart-phone trajectories) for novel eco-routing
services to reduce wasted fuel, greenhouse gas emission and pollution exposure
during unnecessary waits at traffic lights and in congestion.
However, many fundamental research questions need to be investigated to realize the
transformative potential. For example, how can spatial big data (e.g., smart-phone
trajectories) be mined without violating privacy ? How can spatial statistical and
machine learning algorithms be generalized to model geographic concepts (e.g.,
context, hot-spots, hot-features, doughnut-hole patterns), address spatio-temporal
challenges (e.g., auto-correlation, non-stationarity, heterogeneity, multi-scale) and
scale up to spatial big data ? How can eco-routing address the new challenges, e.g.,
waits at traffic-signals violate the sub-path optimality assumption in popular A* and
Dijktra's algorithms?
This presentation shares a perspective on the societal accomplishments,
opportunities, and research needs in spatial computing based on a recent community
report following the Computing Community Consortium workshop titled From GPS
and Virtual Globes to Spatial Computing -- 2020 held at the National Academies.
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Video presentation at the "Workshop on Digital Topographic Analysis: LiDAR, Satellite Imagery, Terrestrial Laser Scanning, and GIS" held at the University of Minnesota on May 14, 2015.
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Shekhar, Shashi. (2015). From GPS and Google Maps to Spatial Computing. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/174091.
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