Financing Transit Oriented Development: Barriers in Four Geographic Contexts

Abstract

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) is a major topic in the connection between land use and transportation. Much study of TOD measures transportation objectives such as increased transit mode share or vehicle trip reduction, or land use planning objectives such as effective revitalization or increased property value. An emerging field of research focuses on direct and indirect barriers to TOD development finance. While many have identified a number of constraints and potential solutions to barriers, this paper recognizes the barriers and appropriate solutions vary by geographic context. In addition to an overview of development finance for mixed use development, this paper identifies barriers and strategies to secure TOD finance in four unique geographies.