Biochar as a Soil Amendment in Minnesota: Findings from Literature and Interviews

Abstract

The Sustainable Farming Association of Minnesota (SFA) Central Chapter initiated an effort to research biochar production as an alternative to burning wood waste, and to understand the potential benefits of utilizing biochar as a soil amendment to improve soil function and sequester carbon. With support from the University of Minnesota Extension Sustainable Development Partnerships, a graduate student was hired to review the research literature on biochar and interview subject matter experts. In partnership with representatives from the Minnesota Composting Council, Pope/Douglas Solid Waste Management, United States Department of Agriculture, the University of Minnesota Extension Sustainable Development Partnerships, and SFA Central Chapter, U of M graduate student Samantha Hunt produced this report.

Biochar, a stable carbon created via pyrolysis (heating without the presence of oxygen), can be produced from the massive amounts of woody debris generated by tree removal and trimming, brush removal, woodlands management, and storm damage. Biomass that is currently burned or left to decompose releases most of the carbon back into the atmosphere. Conversion of woody biomass into biochar could provide an alternative to burning and therefore reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Biochar is also a valuable soil amendment that can improve soil health and productivity. There is a high interest from local produce growers and regenerative farmers in Central Minnesota to utilize biochar as a soil amendment.