Evaluation of Absorber Layer Prospects in Lead-Iodide Perovskite Solar Cells

Abstract

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are a relatively young and aspiring option for future generations ofphotovoltaic solar cells. Currently, before this specific type of solar cell can be used in industry, several problems must be overcome with the design of the cell. Perovskite solar cells are currently produced on a small scale in a laboratory and currently have a limited life span due to defects in materials, issues with excess heat generation, and other longevity issues. The absorption layer of the solar cell has been heavily studied with researchers making slight modifications to attempt to cure these issues. The most common absorption layer used in PSCs is comprised of methyl ammonium iodide (MAI) and lead iodide, creating methyl ammonium lead iodide (MAPI). Researchers have made modifications like adjusting the iodide levels by fractioning, or completely substituting, chloride and/or bromide. This method has allowed for some gains in the longevity of PSCs; however, all options should be considered. This study views alternative options for the absorption material by substituting MAI with three different compounds: ammonium hydroxide, ethyl ammonium iodide, and methyl trifluoroborate. Our results provide evidence for crystalline structures formed by these possible replacement compounds and shed some light on the absorbance capable by these replacements.