Browsing by Subject "suicide"
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Item Biological correlates of suicide attempt during adolescence and young adulthood: integration of findings across multi-modal measures.(2021) Mirza, Salahudeen; Klimes-Dougan, BonnieThe biological correlates of suicide attempt are poorly understood in young people. Here we undertook a narrative review of the literature across biological units of analysis (brain structure and function, serum biomarkers, molecular biology) to summarize the markers associated with suicide attempt in samples of average age under 24. We suggest overall patterns in emotion, cognitive control, and social support, which emerge from alterations at each level.Item The Construction of Suicide on Campus: A Critical Analysis of University and Student Suicide Discourses(2021-08) Kaler, LisaSince the turn of the century, college student suicide has represented an important issue in higher education. While suicide rates have been slowly declining among the college student population, the prevalence of suicidal ideation has risen precipitously. This rise in the prevalence of suicidal ideation has accompanied an increase in the prevalence of mental health issues and diagnosed mental illness among college students. Students and their families often expect a high level of care from colleges and universities while also exercising their constitutionally protected rights. Institutions are left to design suicide prevention and intervention programs in a complicated environment. These suicide prevention and intervention programs adhere to a dominant paradigm about suicide, referred to as contemporary suicidology, in which suicide is considered a pathological and individual concern. Traditionally, suicide has been studied through this single, clinically focused lens. In this study, Critical Discourse Analysis was employed as a methodology to examine the language that a university (Midwest U) and its students use to discuss suicide. The theoretical lens of critical suicidology, an emerging field of study, illuminated the dominance of contemporary suicidology in the institutional discourse about suicide. In university documents and practitioner interviews, suicide was constructed as a crisis or a secret, with the only appropriate response to a student with suicidal thoughts being referring them to a mental health professional or to call 911. This construction was problematized through the lens of critical suicidology. The goal of using critical suicidology was to show that contemporary suicidology’s hegemony prevents a construction of suicide as a multidimensional, paradoxical state with different meanings to different people. Analysis of students’ own discourses about suicide illuminated how they both conform to and rebel against the dominant construction of suicide by constructing suicide as a public trouble. Findings in this study demonstrated how the dominant suicide paradigm pervades campus suicide discourses and its effect on suicide prevention and intervention. Implications for suicide prevention through a critical lens are discussed, with an emphasis on liberating campus suicide prevention by refocusing on social justice.Item Depression(2009-08-19) Johns, BrianA tri-fold leaflet patient education tool for depression awareness.Item Examining the Effects of the Creativity Camp Intervention on Depression and Suicidality in Depressed Adolescents(2023) Frederiksen, Jordan; Nair, Aparna U; DiMaggio-Potter, Michaelle E; Klimes-Dougan, Bonnie; Cullen, Kathryn R.Many adolescents experience depression and, sometimes in tandem, suicidality. Unfortunately, not all depression and suicidality can treated using the same methods, as it is often the case they may be resistant to common techniques such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy or SSRIs. Using a novel Creativity Camp intervention, we analyzed the effects on suicidality, and found a statistically significant reduction in depression symptoms using the CDI-2, and a reduction in adolescents reporting suicidality from pre-camp to post-camp.Item The Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicide and Associated Family Factors in Clinically Suicidal and Depressed Adolescents(2018-06) Hunt, QuintinSuicide is a leading cause of death in adolescence. The mechanisms of adolescent suicidality, however, are not fully understood. Although the Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicide, as assessed by the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire-15 (INQ), may be a promising framework, systematic study of its utility during adolescence is lacking. To this end, I utilized factor analyses and hierarchical regression analyses to test the factor structure, correlates, and predictive validity of the INQ in a sample of clinically depressed and suicidal adolescents (N=120, aged 12-18, 81.9% female). Contrary to studies including adult samples in which a two-factor solution is identified, results within this sample indicated three factors: perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness, and perceived isolation. Perceived burdensomeness and the interaction between perceived burdensomeness and perceived isolation predicted suicide ideation above and beyond depression, but thwarted belongingness and perceived isolation did not. Perceived burdensomeness appears to play a role in adolescent suicidality and may be a point of intervention, yet the notable deviation from previous findings and relative weakness of two of the factors warrant further studyItem When you can’t go home: Associations between family environment and suicidality for transgender youth with histories of homelessness(2019-05) Morrow, QuinlynTransgender youth who are or have been homeless are at an increased risk of suicide. To better understand risk and protective factors for suicide in this population, the present qualitative study analyzed interviews with 30 racially diverse transgender young people (ages 15-26) who had experienced homelessness. Inductive qualitative content analysis revealed that gender-based rejection from family members, other dysfunctional family dynamics (e.g., domestic violence, substance abuse), and mental illness appeared to increase risk of both homelessness and suicide, rather than homelessness itself increasing suicide risk. Results show that although homelessness was a stressor in these young people’s lives, conflict and rejection from family members could also be severe stressors. In these instances, participants managed conflictual relationships in ways that allowed them to maintain relationships when safe, and to create distance when relationships were not supportive. Findings suggest that clinicians and other service providers working with homeless transgender youth need to be mindful of the intersectional nature of potential familial stressors, wherein gender-based prejudice can interact with other family dysfunction to make the home unsafe, and to facilitate their clients’ agency in establishing appropriate boundaries with family members. Additionally, efforts to support trans youth may need to focus on advocating for the expansion of social safety net programs that provide access to basic necessities in order to proactively reduce harm to transgender people, regardless of their specific family circumstances.