Browsing by Subject "spotted-wing drosophila"
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Item Hormetic and Transgenerational Effects in Spotted-wing Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Response to Three Commonly-Used Insecticides(2022-03-14) Deans, Carrie; Hutchison, William; dean0179@umn.edu; Deans, Carrie; University of Minnesota Hutchison LabAlthough insecticide formulations and spray rates are optimized to achieve lethal exposure, there are many factors in agricultural settings that can reduce the effective exposure of insect pests. These include weather patterns, timing of application, chemical degradation/volatilization, plant structural complexity, and resistant populations. While sub-lethal exposure to insecticides can still have negative impacts on pest populations, they can also lead to stimulatory, or hormetic, responses that can increase the fitness of surviving insects. Sub-lethal concentrations may also produce increased tolerance in the offspring of surviving adults through transgenerational effects. Sub-lethal effects are pertinent for the invasive fruit pest spotted-wing Drosophila, Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, because its small size, diurnal movement patterns, and utilization of hosts with complex plant structures, such as caneberries and blueberries, make effective insecticide applications tenuous. In this study, we measured spotted-wing Drosophila survivorship, reproductive performance, and offspring tolerance in flies exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of three commonly-used insecticides (zeta-cypermethrin, spinetoram, and pyrethrin). We found some evidence for hormesis, with survival effects being sex- and concentration-dependent for all insecticides. Males were far more susceptible to insecticides than females, which in some cases exhibited higher eclosion success and reproductive rates when exposed to sub-lethal doses. We did not observe significant transgenerational effects at sub-lethal concentrations, despite trends of increased offspring viability for zeta-cypermethrin and spinetoram. More research, however, is needed to fully understand the role that sub-lethal effects may play in pest population dynamics, insecticide efficacy, and the development of genetic resistance.Item Morphometric Measurements of Field and Laboratory-Reared Spotted-Wing Drosophila (2017-2018)(2019-12-18) Tran, Anh K.; Hutchison, W. D.; Asplen, Mark K.; aktran@umn.edu; Tran, AnhWinter and summer morph Drosophila suzukii can be difficult to distinguished based on a color scale. The purpose of this data were to find an alternative, quantitative method for identifying the two morphs using wing and/or hind tibia measurements.