Browsing by Subject "racial covenants"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    2010 Minneapolis Area Black Population & Racial Covenants
    (2020) Mills, Marguerite; Mapping Prejudice Project; Mapping Prejudice Project
    This map shows concentrations of Black populations in the Minneapolis area as of the 2010 census alongside historically racially restricted properties. The African-American population data is displayed at the block level.
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    Environmental Planning, Urban Development, and the Making of Environmental Injustice in Minneapolis
    (2023-05) Walker, Rebecca
    This dissertation examines the intersection of urban environmental planning, real estate,and inequality in three case studies in Minneapolis, MN. The first chapter, focused on the period in which racial segregation began to characterize the urban landscape, considers the intersection of racial covenants and park development in Minneapolis in the 1910s. The second chapter connects the historical insights from Chapter 1 to contemporary environmental outcomes through an analysis of patterns of urban heat and tree canopy cover relative to the historic geographies of racial covenants and the HOLC redlining maps in Minneapolis, MN. The final chapter considers contemporary green gentrification and the re-entrenchment of patterns of environmental injustice. Together these chapters aim to understand how environmental inequalities were built into the fabric of Minneapolis, addressing key themes related to 1) the role of nature in the construction of racialized space, 2) the legacy effects of racial discrimination and implications for planners, and 3) the role of planners in producing and maintaining environmental injustices.
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    Freeways Minneapolis Black Population
    (2020) Mills, Marguerite; Mapping Prejudice Project
    This map shows the location of historic Black communities in Minneapolis based on the enumeration districts used in the 1940 federal census. Contemporary freeways and interstates are shown in red.
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    Hennepin County Racially Restrictive Covenants
    (2020) Mills, Marguerite; Mapping Prejudice Project
    This map shows the location of historically racially restricted properties in Hennepin County. Racially restrictive covenants were legal tools inserted into property deeds that barred people of color from owning, renting, or even occupying the property. In Hennepin County, this practice began in 1910 and continued through the 1950s.
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    Mapping Prejudice: The Map Library as a Hub for Community Co-Creation and Social Change
    (Taylor & Francis, 2022-06-14) Mattke, Ryan; Delegard, Kirsten; Leebaw, Danya
    The John R. Borchert Map Library was the ideal incubator for an experiment that has changed how a wide range of people are thinking about structural racism and the history of race in American urban environments. Mapping Prejudice used a cartographic visualization of racial covenants as the intellectual nexus of a project that transcended disciplinary boundaries and invited community members into cutting-edge research work. The Map Library provided the physical space, resources, and geospatial expertise necessary for community-driven mapping work. It also served as an intersectional hub necessary for this transformative research initiative, illustrating the synergies between map librarianship and other disciplines. The work depended on the unique contributions of the map librarian: project management; experience networking with researchers, campus departments, and community groups; and knowledge of best practices surrounding data management, curation, and reuse. This article explains how Mapping Prejudice changed academic scholarship and public understandings by engaging volunteers in meaningful research. It concludes by providing a description of future directions for this project and calls on librarians to lead more work of this kind. The example of Mapping Prejudice suggests ways that map librarians can be leading new modes of inclusive, equitable and community-responsive research.
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    Racial Covenants in Hennepin County
    (2020-11-25) Ehrman-Solberg, Kevin; Petersen, Penny; Mills, Marguerite; Delegard, Kirsten; Mattke, Ryan; mapprejudice@umn.edu; Corey, Michael; University of Minnesota Mapping Prejudice Project
    This data was compiled by the Mapping Prejudice Project and shows the location of racial covenants recorded in Hennepin County between 1910 and 1955. Racial covenants were legal clauses embedded in property records that restricted ownership and occupancy of land parcels based on race. These covenants dramatically reshaped the demographic landscape of Hennepin County in the first half of the twentieth century. In 1948, the United States Supreme Court ruled racial covenants to be legally unenforceable in the Shelly v. Kraemer decision. Racial covenants continued to be inserted into property records, however, prompting the Minnesota state legislature to outlaw the recording of new racial covenants in 1953. The same legislative body made covenants illegal in 1962. The practice was formally ended nationally with the passage of the Fair Housing Act in 1968.