Browsing by Subject "oxymetazoline"

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    An Oxymetazoline-based Nasal Solution Removes Bacteria-Blood Debris on Dental Surfaces and Has Antimicrobial Activity toward Streptococcus mutans Data Sharing Archive
    (2025-01-30) Jones, Robert S; Kumar, Dhiraj; Pride, Morgan; rsjones@umn.edu; Jones, Robert; B-A-M (Biofilm-Apatite-Microbiome) Lab; School of Dentistry
    Data used in the manuscript An Oxymetazoline-based Nasal Solution Removes Bacteria-Blood Debris on Dental Surfaces and Has Antimicrobial Activity toward Streptococcus mutans Background: An over-the-counter vasoconstrictive nasal solution with oxymetazoline (NS-OXY, 0.05%) has potential to be used as a dental pulpal hemostatic medicament. A molecular engineering approach examined NS-OXY and its molecular constituent’s an-timicrobial and blood biomass removal efficacy. Methods: An ex vivo cavity model was developed where standardized prepared teeth were exposed overnight to a model dentinal caries pathogen, S. mutans, and then exposed to Sheep’s blood for 10 minutes, which sim-ulated a pulpal exposure. Cavity preparations were rinsed with OXY (0.05%), ben-zalkonium chloride (BKC-0.025%), NS-OXY (with OXY-0.05% and BKC), ferric sulfate (20%;ViscoStat, FS), and distilled water (DI). For examining the bactericidal effect of NS-OXY, a disc diffusion antimicrobial assay was used where S. mutans was grown (20-hrs) on brain-heart infusion (BHI) w/0.5% glucose agar plates and exposed to the treatment groups. Results: NS-OXY treated samples had a lower residual bacterial or blood biomass than FS (P=.003). The diffusion test showed that NS-OXY, BKC, and FS had zones of inhibition greater than 10 mm, with NS-OXY having higher activity against S. mutans than FS (P=.0002) but lower than BKC (P=0.0082). Conclusions: NS-OXY may con-sidered as a dental hemostatic agent after traumatic and carious pulpal exposure owing to NS-OXY’s antimicrobial and vasoconstrictive properties.
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    The use of Oxymetazoline-based Nasal Solutions to remove Bacteria-Blood Debris and Eradicate Rothia dentocariosa: an ex vivo cavity model study - Data Sharing Archive
    (2025-01-06) Kumar, Dhiraj; Pride, Morgan; Mukherjee, Kaushik; Jain, Gaurav; Mutreja, Isha; Jones, Robert S.; kumard@umn.edu; Kumar, Dhiraj
    Background: This study evaluated the antibacterial properties of a potential pulpal medicament, a nasal solution with oxymetazoline (NS-OXY, 0.05%), against a dentinal caries pathogen. Methods: Using a disc diffusion susceptibility test (n=6), Rothia dentocariosa was grown on brain-heart infusion (BHI) agar plates and exposed to OXY (0.05%), benzalkonium chloride (BKC-0.025%), OXY-NS (with OXY-0.05% and BKC), ferric sulfate (20%; ViscoStat), and distilled water (DI). This was followed by exposure of an ex vivo dental caries model with sheep blood to simulate the clinical pulpotomy procedure. An antibacterial broth inhibition test was conducted by adding the test samples in BHI broth at 37±0.5 °C in an aerobic chamber. Results: In the disc diffusion test, NS-OXY and BKC had the largest zone of inhibition (ZOI) measuring 14.42 mm (±1.62) and 18.92 mm (±4.14) respectively, indicating antibacterial activity. Ferric sulfate demonstrated a smaller ZOI, while OXY alone had no ZOI. The antibacterial broth test showed antibacterial effects with stable OD and pH levels for test samples containing BKC (0.025%) and diluted NS-OXY (0.01%) for up to 20 h. DI- and OXY-treated samples showed an increase in OD, indicating an increase in bacterial count and a concurrent drop in pH. BKC treatment statistically (P<0.05) reduced polyP extracts, which may contribute to blood clot formation. NS-OXY demonstrated antibacterial properties, likely due to the addition of BKC to Rothia dentocariosa. NS-OXY showed concentration dependent biocompatibility with dental pulp stem cells while FS was cytotoxic at the same dilution. Conclusion: These antimicrobial properties, together with OXY’s hemostatic effects, suggest the potential off-label use of NS-OXY during a pulpotomy procedure in primary and permanent teeth. This study provides support for potential future clinical trials of repurposing FDA-approved drugs consisting of oxymetazoline and benzalkonium chloride for dental and other similar applications. Featured Application: An over-the-counter nasal solution containing oxymetazoline has the potential to be used off-label to manage surgical bleeding from dental pulp exposures and provide antimicrobial properties against Rothia dentocariosa, a model gram-positive bacteria associated with deep dentinal caries.