Browsing by Subject "monitoring"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    Data in Support of Widespread declines in walleye recruitment following zebra mussel invasion in Minnesota lakes
    (2023-04-26) Kundel, H; Hansen, Gretchen J A; kunde058@umn.edu; Kundel, H; University of Minnesota Dr. Hansen Research Team
    Invasive zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) alter lake ecosystems and can negatively affect first-year growth of walleye (Sander vitreus), potentially lowering walleye overwinter survival and recruitment success. Zebra mussel effects also vary among lakes, and walleye resilience to the effects of zebra mussels may vary depending on lake characteristics (e.g., depth, clarity) or fish community composition. To test these hypotheses, we used data from 1,438 surveys across 348 lakes collected between 1993 and 2019 to measure walleye recruitment, defined as relative abundance of age-0 walleye in their first fall. We fitted Bayesian hierarchical models to quantify the effects of zebra mussels on walleye recruitment while accounting for the effects of lake temperature, surface area, and water clarity. A before-after-control-impact (BACI)-like design was used to account for potential changes in recruitment due to factors other than zebra mussel invasion. Age-0 walleye recruitment to their first fall was ~41% lower (95% credible interval of 38 - 44%) in lakes containing zebra mussels compared to uninvaded lakes. Invaded lakes had higher recruitment prior to zebra mussel invasion than lakes that remain uninvaded. Conversely, walleye recruitment increased slightly (7% (95% credible interval 2 - 11%)) in lakes without zebra mussels over the same time period. Walleye recruitment was higher in larger lakes and lakes with lower water clarity. Water temperature, as indexed by degree days (base 5 °C), did not affect walleye recruitment. Our results demonstrate negative effects of zebra mussel invasion on walleye population dynamics at a landscape scale.
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    Data, R Code, and Output Supporting: Evaluating species-specific responses to camera-trap survey designs
    (2020-12-14) Iannarilli, Fabiola; Erb, John; Arnold, Todd, W; Fieberg, John R; fabiola.iannarilli@gmail.com; Iannarilli, Fabiola
    These files contain data, R code and associated output supporting results presented in "Iannarilli, F., Erb, J., Arnold, T. W., and Fieberg, J. R. (2020). Evaluating species-specific responses to camera-trap survey designs. Wildlife Biology". In this paper, we assess species-specific responses by ten medium-to-large North-American carnivores to different survey design strategies commonly applied in camera-trap studies. Data were collected in northern Minnesota, USA, between 2016 and 2018 (23 337 active trap-days). We compared responses to: 1) two different survey-design frameworks (random- versus road-based), 2) two different lure types (salmon oil versus fatty acid scent oil), 3) two different placement strategies (completely random versus randomly-selected sites with feature-based placement), 4) survey timing (spring versus fall) and 5) temporal trends in daily encounter probabilities. Our results show that even species morphologically and taxonomically similar respond differently to survey-design strategies, and, thus, species-specific responses to design choices should be carefully considered in camera trap studies focused on multiple species.
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    Development of a Medication Monitoring System for an Integrated Multidisciplinary Program of Assertive Community Treatment (IMPACT) Team
    (University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, 2012-12) Watkins, Sarah C.; Winchester, Bruce R.; Brahm, Nancy C.
    Purpose: The primary goal was to improve medication management oversight for a severely mentally ill (SMI) community-based population by developing a medication monitoring system based on current guidelines to optimize pharmacotherapy and minimize potential medication-related adverse effects. The secondary goal was improvement in coordination of care between healthcare providers. Methods: Guidelines for medication used for psychiatric indications were reviewed. A database of medication for psychiatric indications with monitoring recommendation was developed. Results: Medication regimens for 68 members of the Integrated Multidisciplinary Program of Assertive Community Treatment (IMPACT) program qualified for review. Fourteen medications, carbamazepine, chlorpromazine, clozapine, fluphenazine and fluphenazine long-acting injections (LAI), haloperidol and haloperidol LAI, lithium, lurasidone, olanzapine, paliperidone and paliperidone LAI, perphenazine, quetiapine, risperidone and risperidone LAI, valproic acid/divalproex, and ziprasidone, were identified. In total, 111 medications are used on a monthly basis. Each member receives more than one medication qualifying for review. Additional monitoring parameters that were evaluated included changes in laboratory orders for members with insulin-dependent diabetes. Annual lipid panels were changed to every 6 months, if applicable. Conclusions and Future Directions: This medication monitoring program was developed to help ensure IMPACT members receive the most effective care and minimize potential medication-related adverse effects. The secondary goal was to improve coordination of care. Medication monitoring will be added as a continuous quality assurance measure. Lab results will be reviewed at least monthly. The medication monitoring program will be evaluated annually.
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    Genetic Methods for Biological Control of Non-Native Fish in the Gila River Basin: Final Report to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
    (University of Minnesota, Institute for Social, Economic and Ecological Sustainability, St. Paul, Minnesota, 2005-09) Kapuscinski, Anne R.; Patronski, Timothy J.
    This report addresses the feasibility of using genetic methods as a new approach for biological control of non-native fish within the Gila River Basin. This feasibility study was sponsored by the Central Arizona Project Funds Transfer Program. The report reviews the status of existing genetic methods including chromosome set manipulations and recombinant DNA techniques; takes a preliminary look at potential ecological and human health risks; outlines policy and regulatory considerations; stresses the need for and presents an approach for multi-stakeholder deliberation; provides general cost and time estimates; and suggests integration of these considerations into a multi-component research and development program.
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    Non-lethal monitoring for endangered insects: Making inferences about imperiled bumble bees while accounting for heterogeneity in the detection process
    (2023-05) Boone, Michelle
    Insect declines are of mounting concern, yet evidence for widespread declines is limited due to a lack of standardized, long-term datasets. Furthermore, practitioners often fail to account for heterogeneity in the detection process when making inferences from survey data. As more insects are petitioned for listing under the Endangered Species Act, it is imperative that monitoring schemes implement standardized sampling protocols and adopt analytical methods that account for imperfect detection of target species during surveys. To optimize sampling for endangered insects, we must better understand the effects of biotic and abiotic factors on occupancy and detection probability of target species. In addition to understanding key factors that influence detectability of rare species to improve monitoring, it is crucial to identify habitat preferences of endangered insects to implement effective recovery and conservation planning. Bumble bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Bombus) are among the insect taxa with the best evidence of widespread declines. Bumble bee declines were reported in the United Kingdom as early as the 1970’s. In North America, the rusty patched bumble bee (B. affinis Cresson) was listed as federally endangered in Canada in 2012 and the United States in 2017. Franklin’s bumble bee (B. franklini Frison) was also listed in the U.S. in 2021. Additional species have been petitioned and are under consideration for listing. This has led to calls from scientists for a national bee monitoring framework to support conservation planning. For my doctoral research, I investigated the relationships between site, weather, and survey covariates with detection and occupancy probabilities for a suite of bumble bee species in Minnesota, USA, including B. affinis. I also investigated associations between habitat type and occupancy and detection probabilities. I collected bumble bee data during the summers of 2018, 2019, and 2021 for three distinct studies and used single-season, multi-species occupancy models to address my research questions.Assessing factors related to Bombus occupancy and detection probabilities is an emerging area of research, thus basic information about these relationships is sparce. For my first study, I investigated the effects of impervious surface and floral area on Bombus occupancy probability, and whether date, time of day, or observer were related to detection probabilities. I conducted roadside surveys in the seven-county metropolitan area of Minneapolis-St.Paul. This study was among the first to quantify detection uncertainty for B. affinis and to use multi-species occupancy models to draw inferences about imperiled Bombus detection. For the second study, I tested the efficacy of single-species versus multi-species occupancy models for estimating species-specific detection and occupancy probabilities. I also investigated whether bumble bees in our study system exhibited associations between occupancy probability and landscape habitat type (developed, natural, and agricultural) from surveys conducted across the state of Minnesota. I found that developed habitat had the most variable effect on Bombus occupancy probability out of the three landscape types investigated, which led to my third study, in which I delved deeper into developed landscapes. In this study, I investigated whether detection probabilities were related to adjacent habitat type (woodland, wetland, or crops) in the heterogenous, mixed-use landscape of Washington County, one of the seven metropolitan counties that serve as the human population center of Minnesota and which represents a transitional zone from a dense urban environment to a rural agricultural landscape. The results of my dissertation research provide some of the first investigations into the effects of biotic and abiotic factors on the bumble bee detection process. This information can be used to develop survey and monitoring protocols for community and species-specific monitoring. The results can also inform recovery monitoring for the endangered B. affinis or be adapted to investigate factors that influence the detection process for other imperiled insects. The finding that B. affinis occupancy probability is associated with developed areas lends support to the idea that urban areas may provide important refuge for this species in our study region. The associations between Bombus detection probabilities and survey, weather, and site covariates can be used to optimize sampling design for rare species. Taken together, this dissertation provides a framework for imperiled species monitoring that accounts for uncertainty in the detection process and can be adapted to other insect species.
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    Restored Vegetation Outcomes in Wetland Mitigation Banks Across Minnesota
    (2019-05) Yantes, Austin
    Wetlands are one of the world’s most important ecosystems, yet they continue to be degraded by urban and rural development. The Minnesota Wetland Banking Program exists as a convenient pathway to replace wetlands that have been destroyed. While the program has been offered since 1994, there has been no assessment of the long-term outcomes of wetland banking projects. Vegetation monitoring occurs for 5 years post-restoration, but even then these sites are ecologically young and conclusions made about the achievement of vegetation restoration goals may be premature. This study aimed to evaluate vegetation outcomes in wetlands restored 8-11 years ago, and to compare these outcomes across four seeding zone types. The results indicate that the emergent zone had the lowest native species richness and highest invasive species cover. In all seeding zones, the number of seeded species present was often quite low even when native richness is high. This study also identified which seeded species and guilds persisted over time and which were consistently absent. This type of data can inform future seed mix adjustments, thereby improving the success and cost-effectiveness of wetland vegetation restoration efforts. Across all study sites, invasive narrow-leaved cattails and reed canary grass were pervasive and seem to be increasing in cover over time. Certain species such as rice cutgrass and tussockforming sedges may compete effectively with invasives. This study highlights the necessity of long-term management to combat the ongoing expansion of invasive species and to promote the persistence of desired native species.