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Browsing by Subject "masculinities"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Invisible Men: The Risks and Pleasures of Self-Portrayal in the Work of Contemporary American Male Artists
    (2014-05) DeLand, Lauren
    This dissertation examines the rare phenomenon of self-portrayal in the work of contemporary American male artists. The feminist art movement of the 1970s provided the aegis for many women artists to challenge the gendered dichotomy of artist/subject via the strategic deployment of their own bodies as artistic subjects. Yet remarkably little study has been dedicated to the question of why male artists so rarely make their own, allegedly privileged bodies the subjects of their work. I propose that the shifting definitions of masculinity in postwar America have in fact produced a stringently regulated economy of images of the male body. In four case studies of four contemporary American male artists (Kenneth Anger, Ron Athey, Robert Mapplethorpe, and Glenn Ligon), I employ visual analysis and comparative readings of juridical rulings and institutional policies that dictate the state of the body in contemporary American art.
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    Playing for the future: Sport and the production of healthy bodies in policy and practice
    (2014-05) Kwauk, Christina
    At the core of this dissertation is a critical examination of the disjuncture between the policy and practice of sport for development. Drawing on a vertical case study of gender, sport, and education in the Pacific Island nation of Samoa, the study illuminates how a healthy islands through sport (HITS) policy world centered around using sport to create healthier bodies for a thriving nation is discursively created in inter/national policy but effectively separate and detached from the gendered logics guiding already existing translocal practices of sport for development. This practice, as described to me by my interlocutors, observed through twelve months of ethnographic fieldwork, and quantitatively surveyed, includes ideas about development centered around the translocal 'aiga (family) rather than the territorial boundaries of the nation, tautua (service) rather than health behavior change, and alofa (love) rather than one's body size. Locally imagined sport for development also intricately ties together notions of transnational mobility and globalization with shifting practices of masculinity and muscularity, raises important questions about the purpose and kind of education needed for development, and highlights a local field of action that ironically coexists with a prescribed policy world focused on using sport to recalibrate unruly bodies into virtuous bio-citizens. Contrasting etic and emic constructions of sport in development, this dissertation makes two arguments. First, it highlights how many Samoans view sport as a roundtrip ticket off island toward economic opportunity and the imagined good life. In this case, it is not necessarily the quest to produce a healthy body that attracts Samoan youth, especially men, to sport but rather its potential to move bodies into more central locations within a global economy of remittances that makes sport popular. Second, this study demonstrates how inter/national development policy does not drive local practice. Instead, development actors sustain policy through a strategic process of social interpretation and translation that serves to align practice with policy at the surface while concealing deeper disjunctures of practice below. By juxtaposing what sport for development policy in Samoa is intended to achieve with how it is actually practiced, imagined, and socially managed, this dissertation foregrounds a dialectic of development imaginations that multiply shape the ways "playing for the future" has been incorporated into the development imaginations of Samoan youth, educators, community leaders, and government officials.
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    Un homme, un vrai: martial and alternative masculinities in French War literature and film
    (2014-06) Halat, Rebecca
    The corpus of literature and film in this dissertation offers underground versions of masculinities that exist during the high stakes time of war. The analysis of these works set either in war, or during a time and place close to war, brings out the different interpretations, interactions, acceptances and rejections of martial masculinity. While each novel or film is unique in its way of relating to the code of martial masculinity and in re-thinking the heroic warrior myth, my approach to these works provides a way of seeing the broader evolution and adaptation of individuals and their conception of masculinity through the same creative works that question these myths. Through an analysis of masculinities within the varying contexts of war, we see the ways in which such gender requirements function on an institutional and individual level. In emphasizing negotiations with masculinity, we are able to focus on particular gendered aspects of the former romanticization of war and the subsequent entrance into the violent reality of World War I's destruction and World War II's defeat for the French nation.