Browsing by Subject "crown rust"

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    Puccinia coronata var. coronata: Crown rust of glossy buckthorn (Frangula alnus) and reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea)
    (2021) Greatens, Nicholas
    Crown rust (Puccinia coronata Corda sensu lato) is a complex of various species and subspecies, each of which alternates between parasitizing a grass host and a host in the families in Rhamnaceae and/or Elaeagnaceae. Crown rust of oats, is a devastating pathogen of oats and regularly reduces yield by 5 – 10 %. Recently, a close relative has been observed in the U.S. that affects two invasive species, glossy buckthorn (Frangula alnus) and reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea). Where the two species coexist, rust may cause severe defoliation and drastically reduce seedset of glossy buckthorn, and cause premature leaf senescence and reduced growth in canarygrass.
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    Puccinia coronata var. hordei var. nov. morphology and pathogenicity
    (Mycologia, 1999) Steffenson, Brian; Jin, Y.
    A new variety of Puccinia coronata causing a disease on barley and other gramineous species is described. The fungus is different from other reported forms of P coronata in both morphology and pathogenicity. Its most prominent characters are the elongated teliospore appendages with dichotomous branching and wide pathogenicity on species in the tribe Triticeae, particularly the genus Hordeum. The name of P coronata var. hordei is proposed for the rust fungus. The common name 'crown rust of barley' is proposed for the disease of barley caused by this rust fungus. Results of inoculation indicated that P coronata var. hordei is pathogenic on species of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Elytrigia, Leymus, Pascopyrum, Psathyrostachys, Secale, and Triticum in the tribe Triticeae, and some species of Brachypodium, Bromus, Festuca, and Lolium in the tribe Poeae, and Phalaris in the tribe Aveneae. In the northern Great Plains of the USA, the following native and introduced gramineous species were found naturally infected by P coronata var. hordei: Bromus tectorum, Elymus canadensis, E. trachycaulus, E. virginicus, Elytrigia intermedia, E. repens, Hordeum jubatum, H. vulgare, Leymus angustus, L. cinerius, L. dahuricus, L. racemosus, Pascopyrum smithii, Psathyrostachys juncea, and Secale cer- eale.
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    Using R based image analysis to quantify rust on perennial ryegrass
    (2018-11) Heineck, Garett; Watkins, Eric; Jungers, Jacob; McNish, Ian
    Crown and stem rust caused by Puccinia coronata f. sp. lolii and Puccinia graminis subsp. graminicola are major diseases of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) when grown for turfgrass, forage, and seed. Plant breeders and pathologists often quantify rust severity in the field using the modified Cobb scale, but this method is subjective, labor intensive, and dependent on the skill and experience of the scorer. Our objective was to develop a novel, open-source system that couples both ImageJ and R to quantify rust severity on simple RGB images.