Browsing by Subject "census"
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Item Historical Population Estimates for 2010 U.S. States, Counties and Metro/Micro Areas, 1790-2010(2016-08-10) Schroeder, Jonathan P; jps@umn.edu; Schroeder, Jonathan PThe core of this data set is a series of historical population estimates for each U.S. decennial census year, 1790-2010, for all U.S. counties and county equivalents (excluding Puerto Rico and other territories), using spatially fixed 2010 county definitions. The data set also includes additional statistics derived from the county data, including historical population estimates for 2010 states and for metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas (i.e., core-based statistical areas, or CBSAs) following both 2009 and 2013 CBSA definitions. Errors may be substantial in many cases, so users should not give great weight to any single estimate in analyses. However, for broad studies covering large regions or timespans, errors may generally have a small impact, and using these spatially standardized data enables a broad range of visualization and analytical approaches that would not otherwise be applicable. The data were originally generated for use in the production of an atlas of U.S. population distribution and change, which has not been published. The author has also used the data in the production of conference posters.Item Social cohesion or ‘myth of oneness’?: Implications of the ban on ethnicity statistics in Fiji(2024-05-01) Nailatikau, MerewalesiRace and ethnicity have played significant roles in Fiji’s political landscape since gaining independence in 1970. Acknowledging the distinction between ‘race’ and ‘ethnicity,’ the terms are often used interchangeably in Fijian nomenclature practice, particularly concerning relations between indigenous Fijians and Indo-Fijians. The Bainimarama regime, following the 2006 military coup, implemented policies erasing ethnic identifiers and mandating ‘Fijian’ for all citizens, while prohibiting the publication of racially disaggregated statistics under the guise of combating racism. This move hindered understanding of poverty experiences among different communities. The newly elected government in 2022 has lifted these restrictions, focusing on economic recovery through a consultative multi-sectoral approach. This paper examines Fiji census data and government addresses to explore the implications of the 16-year ban on publishing ethnically disaggregated statistics on collective memory and data equity. Despite efforts to shape a master narrative, the ban has hindered progress in racial equity and understanding emerging inequality hotspots. Recommendations include advancing an integrated national data system, incorporating data in truth and reconciliation processes, establishing institutional norms to prevent abuse of power, and fostering social cohesion through consensus-building that acknowledges diverse perspectives.Item Spatial Analysis of Privacy Measured Through Individual Uniqueness Based on Simple U.S. Demographics Data(2015-05) Lin, YilunPrevious studies reveal that, using U.S. census data, over 60% population of the U.S. could be uniquely identied with a combination of gender, zip code, date of birth attributes in 1990 and 2000. This thesis extends these studies to examine spatial variation of individual uniqueness in 2010 at dierent scales and regions in the U.S. In this thesis, I use spatial and non-spatial statistics to study the spatial patterns on both global and local scales. Specically, I provide 1) the comparison of national level uniqueness between 2000 and 2010, 2) the investigation of spatial variation of uniqueness in different regions and at dierent scales, 3) the identication of local uniqueness clusters outliers and 4) the evaluation of urban-rural divides on individual uniqueness segregation. On the global scale, the comparison between 2000 and 2010 reveals that, although overall individual uniqueness changes little, the individual uniqueness of middle-age group members has signicantly decreased. The study of regional differences finds that low individual uniqueness for college-age population are spatially homogeneous despite that the overall uniqueness are spatially heterogeneous. The analysis at different scales discloses that overall uniqueness decreases, and the dierences between age-group uniqueness reduce, when geographical scales focus on the cores of urban area. On the local scale, the results indicate an urban-rural divides of individual uniqueness segregation. The Clusters and Outliers Analysis nd that places where low individual uniqueness cluster the most are also very urbanized area. The average individual uniqueness of urban area is computed as 58.02% whereas that of rural area is computed as 88.43%. This means, if a person is from an urban area, given the zip code, gender and date of birth information, he/she is much less likely to be identied uniquely. This study offers contributions to geographic information privacy, particularly relevant to reverse geocoding and related spatial aggregation techniques used in census data.Item Updated Methods for US Census API Data Extraction in R(2015-09-02) Chase, Scott