Browsing by Subject "age"
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Item Data from Liking of Food Textures and Relationship with Oral Physiological Parameters, Part 2(2016-08-23) Kim, Sophia C; kimx1564@umn.edu; Kim, Sophia CThe data from Part 2 of the thesis "Liking of Food Textures and Relationship with Oral Physiological Parameters,"contains the raw and processed data files in which participants evaluated their liking of 106 texture attributes and then classified themselves into one of the mouth behavior groups. The saliva flow rate, biting force, variance of hue, and particle size difference threshold of each participant were also measured. Age and gender information is also included. The data can be used for various analyses in order to examine the relationships among the different types of variables.Item Minnesota at a Glance Geologic Time(Minnesota Geological Survey, 2017) Southwick, D.L.; Lusardi, B.A.; Dengler, E.L.Minnesota is host to some of the oldest rocks on Earth; parts of the Morton gneiss in western Minnesota have been dated at 3.5 billion years old. Rocks as old as or older than these are rare on earth because geologic processes on and within our active planet recycle old rocks and produce younger ones (see Minnesota at a Glance: Common Minnesota Rocks). Only in Minnesota, Michigan, northwest Canada, Greenland, Siberia, South Africa, and Australia have remnants of rocks over 3.5 billion years old been preserved. The oldest mineral grains yet identified on Earth are about 4.4 billion years old; they have been found in rocks in Australia that represent sediments recycled from even older rocks. Rocks brought back from the moon by astronauts, and meteorites that have fallen to Earth, are about 4.5 billion years old. Because the moon, Earth, and the meteors probably formed at the same time (concurrently with the rest of the solar system), we can conclude that the Earth itself is about 4.5 billion years old.Item The Utilization of Filler Words in Relation to Age and Gender(2024-04-17) Ruschy, Sarah AFiller words play a pivotal role in human communication. This review explores the multifaceted nature of these words through analyzing the early development of filler words as well as their correlation with age and gender. Filler words consist of two subcategories; filled pauses and discourse markers. Examples include ‘um’, ‘uh’, ‘I mean’, ‘like’, and ‘you know’. These words can have distinct and important functions in conversation, contrary to the common association of filler words with disfluency in speech or anxiety. Research suggests that the social factors of age and gender greatly influence filler word usage, as younger females tend to utilize these words and sounds more frequently than any other social group. While societal norms may predispose women to exhibit more accommodating speech patterns with the use of filler words, deeper analysis reveals more complex explanations. These explanations for younger people as well as women using these words more frequently than others include, but are not limited to, the natural maturity of speech with age, heightened awareness of semantic meanings, and a more sophisticated use of the English language. Research gaps in comparing the use of filler words across different languages and with non-native speakers as well as filler words in different conversational settings is advancing. By unpacking the complexities of age and gender in relation to language, this review contributes to a deeper understanding of language dynamics and societal norms. With the recognition of these linguistic patterns in certain societal groups, we can create more inclusive communication between people and better understand human interaction as a whole.