Browsing by Subject "Volcanic"

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    Guidebook 3. Field Trip Guide Book for Precambrian North Shore Volcanic Group Northeastern Minnesota
    (Minnesota Geological Survey, 1972) Green, John C.
    Detailed mapping of the 85th Minnesota shore of Lake Superior began with A. E. Sandberg's study (1938) of the section between Duluth and Two Harbors. Grout and Schwartz (1939) and Gehman (1957) studied the intrusions and flows in eastern Lake County; Grogan (1940) mapped the lakeshore between Two Harbors and Split Rock River; Schwartz (1949) studied the Duluth area; and Grout and others (1959) mapped most of Cook County. James Kilburg (1972) has recently mapped the wedge of lavas just west of Duluth. Most of the data reported in this account derive from studies by the writer who, starting in 1965, has mapped the shoreline between Silver Bay and Grand Portage, with considerable reconnaissance inland and to the southwest (Green, 1966; 1968a; 1968b; 1970). The report does, however, also lean considerably on Grout and others (1959) and, for the Duluth-Two Harbors area, on Sandberg (1938). The field studies have been supported by the Minnesota Geological Survey, and most of the laboratory studies have been .supported by the National Science Foundation (Grant No's GP-5865 and GA-134ll). Sincere gratitude for this support is extended to both agencies. The writer's ideas have benefited from discussions with many other geologists concerned with Keweenawan rocks, especially including Bill Bonnichsen, D. M. Davidson, Jr., H. Hubbard, G. B. Morey, W. C. Phinney, P. W. Weiblen, and W. S. White. Trip will leave Duluth and head up-section in the southwestern limb of the basin.
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    Guidebook 6. Field Trip Guide Book for Precambrian Geology of Northwestern Cook County, Minnesota
    (Minnesota Geological Survey, 1972) Weiblen, P.W.; Davidson, D.M. Jr
    An exceptionally complete record of Precambrian history is recorded in the rocks exposed in Cook County, Minnesota. In northwestern Cook County, in the vicinity of the Gunflint Trail the Lower Precambrian is represented by a metavolcanic succession, which was intruded by the somewhat younger Saganaga Tonalite. These rocks are unconformably overlain by the Middle Precambrian Animikie Group, consisting of the Gunflint Iron Formation and the Rove Formation. In northeastern Cook County, a gently dipping angular unconformity separates Middle Precambrian and Upper Precambrian strata. There, a thin basal sandstone, the Puckwunge Formation, is overlain by volcanic rocks of the North Shore Group. The Logan intrusions and the Duluth Complex intrude and truncate Middle and Upper Precambrian rocks and comprise the major part of the Upper Precambrian section in northwestern Cook County. Although the geology of Cook County was summarized by Grout and others (1959), geologic mapping since 1962 has considerably revised the earlier geologic interpretation. Because much of this work is unpublished as yet, a comprehensive summary is presented here. The discussion is meant to provide a framework for the specific aspects of the geology which the chosen stops illustrate.Mileages for this trip are listed by stop as distances in miles along Minnesota 12 (The Gunflint Trail) going both northwest from Grand Marais and southeast from Trails End Campground, a round-trip distance of about 120 miles. Figure 1 indicates the location of the Gunflint Trail as well as the general geology of the area. A larger scale geologic map of the field trip area together with all the field trip stops is shown in Figures 2 and 3, while the cross section on Figure 2 and the block diagrams of Figure 4 represent the gross structural relationships between the units encountered on the field trip.