Browsing by Subject "United States. -- Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. -- Information Processing Techniques Office"
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Item Oral history interview with Allan Blue(Charles Babbage Institute, 1989-06-12) Blue, AllanThe concentration in this interview is on the Information Processing Techniques Office from the time Blue arrived at DARPA in 1965 until his retirement in 1977. Topics discussed include: a trend to increase relevance of funded projects; increasing orientation to industry; increased paperwork and micromanagement from outside IPTO; comparison of DARPA offices management styles; relations with NSF, ONR, and NIH; the DARPA contracting process; and personnel hiring problems. This interview was recorded as part of a research project on the influence of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) on the development of computer science in the United States.Item Oral history interview with Bruce G. Buchanan(Charles Babbage Institute, 1991-06) Buchanan, Bruce G.Buchanan describes his work in artificial intelligence, the development of the Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory and the artificial intelligence (AI) community, and the role of the Information Processing Techniques Office (IPTO) of the Advanced Research projects Agency (later the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) in AI research. Buchanan describes the work of Ed Feigenbaum, Josh Lederburg, Wes Churchman and Les Ernest at Stanford. He discusses the changes in AI funding, including developing additional NIH funding, with the Mansfield amendment which stipulated defense supported research should have defense applications. Buchanan concludes with a comparison of artificial intelligence and computer science development.Item Oral history interview with Charles A. Zraket(Charles Babbage Institute, 1990-05-03) Zraket, Charles A.Zraket describes the Information Processing Techniques Office's (IPTO) interest in command and control systems in the early 1960s. He provides a perspective on the military expectations of computing that developed from the Whirlwind and SAGE projects. Zraket discusses the interaction between the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), the MITRE Corporation, and Bolt, Beranek, and Newman. He concludes the interview with an overview of DARPA funding trends in the 1980s.Item Oral history interview with Charles Herzfeld(Charles Babbage Institute, 1990-08-06) Herzfeld, CharlesAfter a brief discussion of his professional career at the Naval Research Laboratory and the National Bureau of Standards, the interview turns to programs in and administration of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). Herzfeld describes his tasks as program director of the Defender program and his interactions with different management levels at the Department of Defense. The major portion of the interview is a discussion of his knowledge of the Information Processing Techniques Office (IPTO) program and his interaction with IPTO personnel.Item Oral history interview with Jack Bonnell Dennis(Charles Babbage Institute, 1989-10-31) Dennis, Jack B. (Jack Bonnell); O'Neill, Judy E.Dennis describes his educational background and work in time-sharing computer systems at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). The interview focuses on time-sharing. Dennis discusses the TX0 computer at MIT, the work of John McCarthy on time-sharing, and the influence of the Information Processing Techniques Office of the Advanced Research Projects Agency (later the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) on the development of time-sharing. Dennis also recalls the competition between various firms, including Digital Equipment Corporation, General Electric, Burroughs, and International Business Machines, to manufacture time-sharing systems. He describes the development of MULTICS at General Electric.Item Oral history interview with John McCarthy(Charles Babbage Institute, 1989-03-02) McCarthy, John, 1927-McCarthy begins this interview with a discussion of the initial establishment and development of time-sharing at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the role he played in it. He then describes his subsequent move to Stanford in 1962 and the beginnings of his work in artificial intelligence (AI) funded by the Advanced Research Projects Agency. This work developed in two general directions: logic-based AI (LISP) and robotics. In the main section of the interview McCarthy discusses his view of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency's (DARPA) role in the support of AI research in the U.S. in general and at Stanford in particular. He specifically addresses the following issues: the relative importance of DARPA funding in comparison to other public and private sources, requirements and procedures undertaken to obtain DARPA funds, and changes over time in levels of support and requirements from DARPA. McCarthy concludes this interview with a brief description of the AI Laboratory at Stanford and his continued work on AI (funded by DARPA) with the Formal Reasoning Group.Item Oral history interview with Keith W. Uncapher(Charles Babbage Institute, 1989-07-10) Uncapher, Keith W.The interview begins with a review of projects at RAND when Uncapher was hired in 1950. He discusses some of the projects he was involved in or had managerial responsibility for through the early 1970s, such as JOHNNIAC, JOSS, a survivable national network, GRAIL (GRAphical Interactive Language), and some work related to the ARPANET. The formation of Information Sciences Institute (ISI), funded by DARPA, is described, as well as some of the work ISI did for DARPA/IPTO. The interview ends with Uncapher's general observations on how DARPA and IPTO have changed over his years as a contractor. This interview was recorded as part of a research project on the influence of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) on the development of computer science in the United States.Item Oral history interview with Michael L. Dertouzos(Charles Babbage Institute, 1989-04-20) Dertouzos, Michael L.Dertouzos begins by discussing his research in computer science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Project MAC's change under his direction to the Laboratory for Computer Science. The bulk of the interview concerns MIT's relationship with the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and its Information Processing Techniques Office (IPTO). Topics include: time-sharing, distributive systems, networking, multiprocessing, the ARPANET, and Robert Kahn's directorship of IPTO.Item Oral history interview with R. W. Taylor(Charles Babbage Institute, 1989-02-28) Taylor, R. W. (Robert William), 1932-Following a brief description of his academic and professional background before joining ARPA, Taylor describes his impression of the IPT Office when he arrived in 1965. Most of the interview is concerned with the IPT Office under Taylor's tenure as Director from 1966 to 1969. The major issues he discusses are: his understanding of the overall mission of the IPT Office at that time; the working relationship between IPTO and the Director of ARPA; the effect of external events, such as the Viet Nam war, on IPTO; how the budget process operated; what general areas of research were funded by IPTO; how IPTO compared to other government agencies in its funding of research in computer science; what sort of relationship the IPT Office maintained with its various contractors; and finally, how Taylor's successor was recruited to head the IPT Office. The interview ends with Taylor's general observations on how IPTO and ARPA have changed since their early years.Item Oral history interview with Robert E. Kahn(Charles Babbage Institute, 1989-03-22) Kahn, Robert E.Kahn briefly discusses his educational background and involvement with the development of ARPANET before focusing on the operations of the Information Processing Techniques Office (IPTO) of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). Kahn describes the development of computer networks with DARPA support and explains the process of contracting research at DARPA as well as the creation of DARPA budgets in detail. In this context he discusses the work of various DARPA and IPTO personnel including J. C. R. Licklider, Vinton Cerf, Larry Roberts, and George Heilmeier. This interview was recorded as part of a research project on the influence of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) on the development of computer science in the United States.Item Oral history interview with Robert Lee Simpson, Jr.(Charles Babbage Institute, 1990-03-14) Simpson, Robert Lee, 1946-Simpson discusses his education in computer science and artificial intelligence and work as a program manager in the Information Processing Techniques Office (IPTO) of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). Topics include: Simpson's data analysis work while in the Air Force; the work of Ronald B. Ohlander at IPTO; the DARPA contracting process; program manager interaction at DARPA; and the management of DARPA. This interview was recorded as part of a research project on the influence of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) on the development of computer science in the United States.Item Oral history interview with Robert S. Cooper(Charles Babbage Institute, 1993-09-03) Cooper, Robert S. (Robert Shanklin), 1932-Cooper discusses his graduate education in electrical engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology and his interest in computer applications to approach problems in plasma physics. He discusses the types of research supported by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), the Information Processing Techniques Office (IPTO), and the Department of Defense (DOD) in the 1970s and 1980s. He mentions his move in the early 1980s from DOD to military space research at NASA. Cooper concludes the interview with a discussion of innovative technology in military and space research. This interview was recorded as part of a research project on the influence of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) on the development of computer science in the United States.Item Oral history interview with Saul Amarel(Charles Babbage Institute, 1989-10-05) Amarel, SaulAmarel begins the interview with a discussion of his interest in artificial intelligence (AI) and his early research in the field while at Radio Corporation of America. He provides a brief overview AI research at Carnegie-Mellon University and Stanford University in the 1960s and his establishment of the computer science program at Rutgers University in the early 1970s. Amarel also discusses the relationship of AI to computer science. The bulk of the interview concerns the Information Processing Techniques Office's (IPTO) support of research in computer science and artificial intelligence. The primary topics of this discussion are IPTO and Amarel's recruitment as director in 1985, the importance of strategic computing, the creation of the Information Science and Technology Office (ISTO) and the budgeting process for ISTO. Amarel concludes with his thoughts on current directions in AI research.Item Oral history interview with Stephen Crocker(Charles Babbage Institute, 1991-10-24) Crocker, StephenCrocker discusses computer networks, artificial intelligence research, and his work at the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). Crocker details his interactions with other DARPA personnel including Cordell Green, Barry Wessler, Larry Roberts, Robert Kahn, and David Russell. He discusses his work as a program manager in the Information Processing Techniques Office (IPTO). Crocker describes the effect of the Mansfield amendment, which specified research needed to be relevant to the military, on DARPA projects. He also discusses software development.Item Oral history interview with Terry Allen Winograd(Charles Babbage Institute, 1991-12-11) Winograd, TerryWinograd describes his education in computer science and introduction to linguistics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He discusses the work of Marvin Minsky and other in artificial intelligence. He describes his move to the Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory and his additional linguistic research at Xerox-PARC. Winograd compares the approach to artificial intelligence at MIT and Stanford. He describes his involvement with obtaining funding from the Information Processing Techniques Office of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency.