Browsing by Subject "United Kingdom"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    The developmental education model in the United Kingdom: Access programs
    (Center for Research on Developmental Education and Urban Literacy, General College, University of Minnesota, 2006) Arendale, David R.
    A review of programs with similarities to developmental education in the U.K. provides a different perspective which they call access programs. Higher education in the U.K. is coordinated, funded, and evaluated by the national government. Two organizations that are resources in the field of access programs are the European Access Network (2004) and the Institute for Access Studies (2003). Rather than using the U.S. term of developmental education, the U.K. approach of access program focuses on widening participation in higher education by historically-underrepresented student groups. In addition to similar concern for academically-underprepared students, the U.K. access program scope includes older students, students returning to education, displaced workers, and other demographic groups who whom college has not been common.
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    The impact of charity and tax law/regulation on not-for-profit news organizations
    (The Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, University of Oxford and the Information Society Project, Yale Law School, 2016) Picard, Robert; Belair-Gagnon, Valerie; Ranchordás, Sofia
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    Integrated modeling in the UK: Practical usability of integrated models
    (Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2019) Simmonds, David
    This short paper reviews the range of planning issues that are currently being addressed in Britain and considers how the nature of these issues and the ways in which choices are being assessed impact the modeling approaches being adopted, in particular, by the author’s own consultancy practice. The paper briefly outlines current developments in governance and analytical requirements; implications of trends toward more detailed (and more time-consuming) transport modeling; and the role of microsimulation in both research and planning practice. It concludes primarily that the practicality of model operation, particularly in terms of model run times, is of critical importance, and in many cases, determines whether major planning decisions are made on the basis of formal analysis rooted, albeit indirectly, in research, or without such a basis at all. A secondary conclusion relates to the possible use of output from detailed microsimulation models as a basis for calibrating aggregate models.
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    Refiguring old age: shaping scientific research on senescence, 1900-1960.
    (2009-07) Park, Hyung Wook
    This dissertation traces the origin and the development of gerontology, the science of aging, in the United States and the United Kingdom. I argue that gerontology began to be formed as a multidisciplinary scientific field in the two countries from the 1900s to the 1950s. Unlike earlier scholars who had thought that the aging of the whole body was caused by the inevitable decline of an unknown critical factor, such as "vital heat," gerontologists of the twentieth century conceived aging as a contigent phenomenon whose rate and mode differed in distinct portions of the body. They also introduced systematic experimental approaches in their investigation which had seldom been employed in the study of aging before the twentieth century. Furthermore, with these new ideas and methodologies, gerontologists established their research field in which scholars from diverse disciplines could work in a cooperative manner, including biologists, physicians, psychologists, and social scientists. Amid the Great Depression, which threatened the very survival of the elderly, these multidisciplinary scholars formed professional societies and research institutes for more organized study of aging. But gerontology followed different paths of development in America and Britain due to their distinctive political and cultural conditions, academic traditions, and leading scholars' social and academic status. While British scientists of aging were struggling with various problems related to funding, professional recognition, and the recruitment of scholars interested in aging, American gerontologists came to have relatively ample and stable sources of financial support and an expanding network of national and local organizations. By analyzing this difference and tracing the beginnings of the new concepts and approaches, this dissertation aims at explaining the birth of a multidisciplinary scientific field within historical contexts.
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    A tunnel speleothem based stable-isotope record of Atlantic Multi-Decadal Oscillation forcing of precipitation in the Midlands, United Kingdom
    (2019-08) Shull, Carolyn
    Cave speleothems are an established source of preserved data used in paleo-environmental reconstruction, as climate and land use information can be recorded in the carbon and oxygen isotopes. Speleothems in the tunnels of the canals in West Midlands, UK were investigated as another potential record as they appear to experience a rapid growth rate, a requirement to detect short-term climate events and low-amplitude climate signals. Formation in artificial structures restrict the potential record to the past 150 years, while other speleothem-based proxies span millennial time scales. Upon analysis, speleothem oxygen isotopes reflect the Atlantic Multi-Decadal Oscillation (AMO), and carbon and oxygen isotopes are correlated to land use changes. The results indicate speleothems from canal tunnels in central England potentially provide a record of land use changes and precipitation source water related to the AMO. Tunnel speleothem isotope data have the potential to serve as valuable datasets in climate teleconnection and modeling studies.
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    United Kingdom - Sustainable horticulture crop production
    (2009-06-23) Ostertag, Michaela