Browsing by Subject "Trout"
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Item Amity Restoration Assessment: Water quality, fish, bugs, people(University of Minnesota Duluth, 2013) Axler, Richard P; Brady, Valerie; Ruzycki, Elaine; Henneck, Jerald; Will, Norman; Crouse, A; Dumke, Josh; Hell, Robert VThis project is also a new contribution from the Weber Stream Restoration Initiative (WSRI) that began in 2005 via private endowments to create a Partnership of university scientists and extension educators, and local, state and federal agency staff to restore and protect Lake Superior Basin trout streams (www.lakesuperiorstreams.org/weber/index.html). The WSRI features a demonstration project targeting the turbidity and sediment impaired Amity Creek watershed for multiple restoration activities. It was awarded an Environmental Stewardship Award from the Lake Superior Binational Forum in 2010 and was honored state-wide by the [Minnesota] Environmental Initiative in May 2013 by being awarded the āPartnership of the Yearā for its activities, key elements being: (1) its website for local community education about watershed and water resource issues; (2) creation of interactive, on-line animations of real-time water quality with interpretive information from a site near Amityās discharge into the Lester River just above its discharge into Lake Superior (within the St. Louis River AOC); (3) development of a multi-agency/organization partnership to pursue trout stream restoration and conservation activities throughout the western Lake Superior basin; (4) designing and carrying out two major Amity restoration projects in 2009 with the City of Duluth and South St. Louis SWCD; (5) mapping landscape stressors for highlighting areas of higher risk for environmental impacts as well as conducting a detailed reconnaissance of riparian zone sediment sources for priority remediation (SSL SWCD, 2009); and (6) developing a successful EPA Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) project to fund additional restoration related activities from 2010-2014 (MPCA, NRRI-UMD, SSL SWCD partnership, 2010, $843,616).Item Completion Report for Minnesota Technology, Inc. (June 30, 1999): Development of Salmon and Trout Aquaculture in Mine Pit Lakes (1989-1991); Commercial Aquaculture Implications for Water Quality (1991-1993); Constructed Wetlands for Treating Aquaculture Wastes (1993-1996)(University of Minnesota Duluth, 1999) Axler, Richard PThe assessment of environmental impacts associated with intensive salmonid aquaculture, development of tools for predicting impacts, and the development of techniques for mitigating the effects of these potential negative impacts on water resources were the focus of three MTI grants in the period 1989-1996. They are: (1) Development of Salmon & Trout Aquaculture in Mine Pit Lakes, (1989-1991); (2) Commercial Aquaculture Implications for Water Quality, (1991-1993); and (3) Constructed Wetlands for Treating Aquaculture Wastes, (1993-1996) All of these grants were "matched" with grant funds obtained from the Iron Range Resources & Rehabilitation Board, the Minnesota Sea Grant Program (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) and the Minnesota Department of Agriculture. The development of constructed wetlands(#3) subsequently led to the development of an ongoing research, development and demonstration program focused on broader on-site wastewater disposal systems for rural, residential and business needs.Item Fish data for Impacts of beaver dams on low-flow hydrology and hydraulics, Knife River, Minnesota(2021-09-16) Dumke, Joshua D.; jddumke@d.umn.edu; Dumke, Joshua D.; University of Minnesota Duluth - Natural Resources Research InstituteThese data were collected as part of a two-year investigation into the impacts of beaver dam removal on low-flow hydrology and hydraulics in the Knife River, Minnesota, USA. These data are general surveys of fish communities in 2018 around project beaver dams which were included in the low-flow hydrology and hydraulics project (https://conservancy.umn.edu/handle/11299/220310), as well as a mark-recapture study conducted in 2019 around active and inactive beaver dams in the Knife River and French River to evaluate how beaver dams affect fish movement during the low-flow period of late summer.Item Role of Focused, Deep Groundwater Input from Springs in Maintaining Winter Refugia in North-shore Trout Streams(2020) Nesheim, Samuel R; Swenson, John BNorth-shore streams provide marginal habitat for trout. Stream discharge and temperature reach extremes in mid-to-late summer, during dry periods, and again in winter, when runoff is essentially non-existent. Deeper groundwater is one of the main sources of flow during winter, and can significantly contribute to maintaining habitable temperatures and flow during the winter. A deep (200+ feet) groundwater spring and associated tributary were identified flowing into Amity Creek and had a significant impact on raising the temperature of the main stem throughout winter. This spring maintained an almost constant temperature between 6 and 7 šC throughout the winter, along with steady conductivity and isotope signatures. The spring was very similar in all aspects to a discharge from a deep bedrock well within the same watershed. The steady properties of the deep spring stood in sharp contrast to the main stem of the Amity, which was consistently below 1šCelsius and fluctuated in conductivity and isotope signature throughout the season. The only time when the groundwater tributary was not affecting the main stem was during two periods of extreme cold, when the tributary may have frozen to the bed of the channel. The tributary itself can also serve as a trout refugium year-round, in addition to maintaining flow in the main stem, as brook trout have been found within the tributary in the past. Trout conservation efforts should focus on identifying and protecting similar deep groundwater inputs to ensure continued streamflow, above zero temperatures, and trout survival throughout winter.Item Role of Point Sources on the Dissemination of Antibiotic Resistance in the Environment(2018-10) BUENO PADILLA, IRENEPoint sources such as wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), terrestrial agriculture, and aquaculture, release antibiotic residues, antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB), and antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) into the aquatic ecosystem. However, increases of ARB and ARG in the natural environment associated with specific point sources have not been widely quantified. The goals of this dissertation were to improve study designs for measuring environmental ARB and ARG, and the methodology to attribute environmental findings to specific point sources. Two systematic reviews were conducted to analyze the evidence for increases of ARB and ARG in the natural environment associated with point sources. Both reviews highlighted the lack of quantitative causal research, and the need for improved study design, control of biases, and analytical tools to provide effect measures. Recommendations drawn from these systematic reviews informed two longitudinal studies assessing the role of freshwater trout farms and WWTPs on environmental ARG abundance in a watershed in Chile. Sediment samples from river sites located at different distances upstream and downstream from each point source were analyzed. Also, wild birds trapped around one of the WWTPs were evaluated for their role as disseminators of ARG. A microfluidic qPCR approach was used to quantify an array of ARG, and statistical analyses were conducted to evaluate the effect of the point sources on ARG abundance in the surrounding natural environment. Results showed a statistically significant increase of ARG at downstream sites compared to upstream sites, indicating that these sources were contributing to releases of ARG into the surrounding environment. However, the biological significance remains unclear and deserves further examination. Migratory birds presented a statistically significantly higher ARG abundance compared to non-migratory species. Even though wild birds are recognized as playing a part in the dissemination of ARB globally, results from this study canāt be overstated. The long-term goal of this research would include the development of a watershed-based monitoring system to evaluate all point sources that contribute to increases and dissemination of ARB and ARG. A better understanding of dissemination pathways would allow targeting management strategies to mitigate the risk to public health, animal health, and ecosystem health.Item Seasonal Prey Resource Partitioning Among Salmonids In The Bois Brule River, Wisconsin(2024) McCann, DanielOver the past century, intentional introductions of non-native Salmonids into Lake Superior and its tributaries have raised concern about possible interactions with native Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), which have historically been subject to local extirpations. The Upper Bois Brule River, Wisconsin currently supports a diverse and abundant assemblage of Salmonid species, including Brook Trout, Brown Trout (Salmo trutta), Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), and Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawyscha). To investigate underlying reasons for apparent co-existence of potentially competing species, I documented the seasonal diet characteristics among coexisting Salmonids and compared stomach content data to seasonal prey abundances (macroinvertebrates) in the benthos and stream drift. The primary objective was to determine if niche partitioning reduces competitive interactions between Brook Trout, Brown Trout, Rainbow Trout, and juvenile Coho Salmon in the Bois Brule River, Wisconsin. Results indicated that Brook Trout and Brown Trout had significant diet overlap during spring, summer, and fall sampling dates, while there were no instances of significant dietary overlap between the non-native species. Several positive relationships between diet overlap and the abundances of different prey categories suggest prey resource partitioning in response to competition may underlie the co-occupation of Salmond species in my study area. All Salmonid species showed positive selection for Trichoptera larvae during spring, summer, and fall. In addition, Brook Trout and Brown Trout showed positive selection for Gastropods during every season. Brook Trout were the only species with strong preferences for Crustaceans, while Rainbow Trout were the only species with preferences for Ephemeroptera nymphs. Brook Trout and Rainbow Trout exhibited opportunistic diets, while Brown Trout tended to feed primarily from the benthos and Coho Salmon fed mainly on surface-oriented prey. Itās likely that the persistence of Brook Trout in the presence of non-native Salmonids is attributed to their flexibility in foraging modes, utilization of increased invertebrate drift rates, and consumption of less preferred prey items. This study provides new information on resource utilization, niche partitioning, and resource overlap among multiple coexisting Salmonid species and may be helpful for future research and management with sympatric populations of native and non-native Salmonid species.