Browsing by Subject "Socioeconomic factors"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    Commercial Gentrification Along Twin Cities Transitway Corridors
    (Center for Transportation Studies, University of Minnesota, 2022-05) Wexler, Noah; Fan, Yingling
    This report examines how the construction and operation of Light Rail and Bus Rapid Transit corridors in the Twin Cities metropolitan area affected commercial gentrification. Using data on establishments providing retail, food, or personal services, we use several econometric approaches to examine how both the construction and operation of new transit affected sales, employment, and concentration of nearby establishments. We estimate separate models for small single-location firms and establishments affiliated with larger multiple-location firms. Overall, we find that robust evidence that the Green Line reduced sales for single-location firms. We also find some evidence that the A Line BRT slightly reduced sales and employment for the same types of firms. By contrast, the Blue Line did not have significant effects on nearby stores. We use the Green Line as a case study to examine the mechanisms of transit-induced commercial gentrification, finding that gentrification effects are correlated with positive residential construction effects. These findings suggest that transit-induced gentrification is dependent on transit's affects on surrounding physical infrastructure, pointing to actionable policy remedies that can protect small firms during periods when nearby construction may disrupt business.
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    Impacts of Highway and Transitway Construction on Nearby Businesses
    (Center for Transportation Studies, University of Minnesota, 2023-12) Center for Transportation Studies
    This research brief pertains to report CTS 22-02, Commercial Gentrification Along Twin Cities Transitway Corridors, and report MnDOT 2023-30, The Effects of Highway Improvement Projects on Nearby Business Activity.
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    Not all crashes are created equal: Associations between the built environment and disparities in bicycle collisions
    (Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2018) Barajas, Jesus M.
    Historically disadvantaged populations are disproportionately represented in bicycle crashes. Previous research has found that Black and Hispanic bicyclists and areas with higher populations of non-White residents, lower median income, and high poverty experience bicycle crashes more frequently than others. Although existing research has explored the role of socioeconomic status and the built environment in predicting crash frequency, few scholars have studied how these factors account for disparities along racial and ethnic lines. Using a database of 7,088 bicycle crashes over a three-year period in the San Francisco Bay Area, this study examines the influence of socioeconomic, transportation, and land-use characteristics as potential causes of differences in bicycle crash occurrences among racial and ethnic groups in the San Francisco Bay Area. While areas of high poverty and high land-use intensity are associated with higher numbers of bicycle crashes overall, lower-traffic streets and bicycle infrastructure do not affect the frequency of crashes involving Black and Hispanic cyclists. Black bicyclists have a disproportionate risk of being involved in a crash in poor urban neighborhoods, controlling for other factors. These findings draw attention to the need for planners to consider how socioeconomic differences and vulnerability at the neighborhood level play a role in safety.
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    Spatial accessibility of public transport in Australian cities: Does it relieve or entrench social and economic inequality?
    (Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2017) Scheurer, Jan; Curtis, Carey; McLeod, Sam
    City planning in Australian cities has seen a gradual shift in approach, away from planning to facilitate mobility by car in the post-war period toward planning for land-use/public transport integration. By assessing the supply of public transport for city accessibility, a considerable variation within each city can be seen. Of interest is the extent to which there is a relationship between the quality of public transport accessibility and the spatial distribution of socioeconomic advantage and disadvantage. This paper examines this issue by mapping spatial data on socioeconomic disadvantage and advantage against indicators of public transport accessibility. The findings show that Australian cities are characterized by a significant level of spatially manifested socioeconomic inequality exacerbated by transport disadvantage. It is argued that a coincidence of public transport infrastructure and service improvements as well as urban intensification and housing affordability policies are required to counteract these trends.