Browsing by Subject "PID-5"
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Item Genetic And Environmental Influences On DSM-5 Maladaptive Personality Traits And Their Connections With Normative Personality Traits(2016-12) Wright, ZaraThe Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) proposes an alternative model for personality disorders, a key element of which is pathological traits. These traits can be operationalized by the Personality Inventory for the DSM-5 (PID-5). Although there has been extensive research on genetic and environmental influences on normative personality, the heritability of the DSM-5 traits, and maladaptive personality in general, remains understudied. The present study addresses this gap in the literature by assessing traits indexed by the PID-5 and the International Personality Item Pool NEO (IPIP-NEO) in adult twins (N = 1,812 individuals). Research aims included 1) replicating past findings of heritability of normative personality as measured by the IPIP-NEO as a benchmark for studying maladaptive traits, 2) ascertaining univariate heritability estimates of maladaptive personality traits as measured by the PID-5, 3) establishing how much variation in maladaptive personality can be attributed to the same genetic components affecting variation in normative personality, and 4) determining residual variance in maladaptive personality after variance attributable to genetic and environmental components of normative personality has been removed. Results revealed that maladaptive personality traits reflect similar levels of heritability to that of normative personality. Further, maladaptive and normative personality traits that correlate at the phenotypic level also correlate at the genotypic level, indicating overlapping genetic components contribute to variance in both. Nevertheless, we also found evidence for genetic and environmental components unique to maladaptive personality traits, not shared with normative personality.Item Normal and Abnormal Personality in Relation to Multiple Domains of Quality of Life(2021-06) Hobbs, KelseyThe current study set out to investigate latent personality trait domains, from adaptive to maladaptive, by examining how these domains relate to quality of life. Specifically, we were interested in if these domains had nonlinear relationships with quality of life. Three samples were utilized in this study all of which were drawn from the U.S. Personality trait domains was measured via the IPIP-NEO (Goldberg et al., 2006) and PID-5 (Krueger et al., 2012), while quality of life was measured with the WHOQOL-BREF (Skevington, Lotfy, & O'Connell, 2004). Data were converted to ordinal measurement by averaging all items from each facet together. Scores were then converted to t-scores by using the mean and standard deviation for each facet in each respective sample. Orthogonal polynomial regression was used up to the cubic term to explore the nature of the relationship between each individual trait domain, as well as four combined domains found by Suzuki et al. (2015) that represent adaptive/maladaptive personality domain continua (i.e. Agreeableness vs Antagonism, Disinhibition vs Conscientiousness, Detachment vs Extraversion, Negative affectivity vs Emotional Stability). Local regression (LOESS) was then utilized to visualize any nonlinear relationships that were found by the orthogonal polynomial regressions. Results indicate that the relationship between the IPIP-Neuroticism, Negative affectivity vs Emotional Stability, IPIP-Extraversion, Detachment vs Extraversion, IPIP-Conscientiousness, and Disinhibition vs Conscientiousness and multiple areas of quality of life seem to be nonlinear. These results indicate that there may be ideal trait levels to maximize quality of life.