Browsing by Subject "Norway"

Now showing 1 - 12 of 12
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    The Craft of Music: Women's Music-Making in Nineteenth-Century Norway
    (2023) Mebust, Solveig
    In this dissertation, I investigate how music creation and performance wereintegral to the experience of womanhood in Norwegian life in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Feminized musical labor is a necessary part of musical communities and economies, which critiques the question of professionalization in musical production. This labor promotes the careers and performances of individual musicians and musical organizations. This project focuses on women whose work would not be recognized as traditional music patronage because their support largely happens outside wealth networks and church or ruling class hierarchies. The actions under consideration afforded opportunities for musical production that reflected these women's values and aesthetic commitments. I also discuss and explore the lives of individual women for the particulars of their musical experience, including Gjendine Slålien, Nina Hagerup Grieg, Theodora Cormontan, and Agathe Backer-Grøndahl. Feminized musical labor has long been a necessary part of musical communities and economies, affording professional musicians the opportunities and support to create successful careers. Labor becomes feminized when work otherwise recognized as productive loses its value due to being performed by women. Feminized labor critiques the emphasis on professionalization in composition and performance by highlighting the dependence of professionals on the undervalued labor that supports them.
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    Crystallization sequence and tectonic significance of andalusite, kyanite, and sillimanite 'triple point' localities, including a new locality: Lesjaverk, Norway.
    (2017-05) Samuelson, Willa J.; Whitney, Donna, L
    Rocks containing three Al 2 SiO 5 polymorphs (andalusite, kyanite, sillimanite) are uncommon; only ten localities have previously been reported. By determining the crystallization sequence of the polymorphs, tectonic/metamorphic histories can be unlocked. Two crystallization sequences have been proposed: (1) kyanite -> sillimanite -> andalusite (Idaho, New Mexico, Spain, Italy), and (2) andalusite -> kyanite -> sillimanite (Colombia, Turkey, Iran, Russia, South Korea, and Japan). The newest locality is Lesjaverk, Norway. Sequence (1) suggests continental collision whereas Sequence (2) suggests contact metamorphism. Using petrographic analyses of deformation and accessory minerals, microprobe analyses of rutile grains, temperature calculations using Zr-in- rutile thermometry, and evaluation of element substitution, crystallization sequence, temperatures, and elemental trends will be determined.
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    Crystallization sequence and tectonic significance of andalusite, kyanite, and sillimanite ‘triple point’ localities, including a new locality: Lesjaverk, Norway.
    (2017-05) Samuelson, Willa, J; Whitney, Donna, L
    Rocks containing three Al2SiO5 polymorphs (andalusite, kyanite, sillimanite) are uncommon; only ten localities have previously been reported. By determining the crystallization sequence of the polymorphs, tectonic/metamorphic histories can be unlocked. Two crystallization sequences have been proposed: (1) kyanite -> sillimanite -> andalusite (Idaho, New Mexico, Spain, Italy), and (2) andalusite -> kyanite -> sillimanite (Colombia, Turkey, Iran, Russia, South Korea, and Japan). The newest locality is Lesjaverk, Norway. Sequence (1) suggests continental collision in which exhumation of moderate-P/T (Barrovian) rocks was followed by high-P / low-T conditions, whereas Sequence (2) suggests contact metamorphism preceded more typical Barrovian metamorphism. In the Lesjaverk, Norway, rock that contains andalusite, kyanite, and sillimanite, observation of the Al2SiO5 polymorphs in thin section indicate crystallization Sequence (2). Temperatures were calculated using Zr-in-rutile thermometry; results of 580-650°C indicate that rutile likely equilibrated in the kyanite or sillimanite stability field. Analysis of trace elements in rutile further indicate that Zr, Nb, Cr, and Fe participate in elemental substitution in rutile.
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    Developing the Good Life by Living It: The Influence of Attending a Norwegian Folk High School on Well-Being
    (2017-07) Erickson, Erik
    This study explored the influence attending a Norwegian folk high school had on the long-term well-being of former students. The Norwegian folk high schools represent a unique form of publicly funded education with an emphasis on learning through shared experience and that by law, the schools cannot issue grades, give formal examinations, or provide a degree that certifies a competency. A qualitative design was used to explore how attending a folk high school influenced the well-being of fifteen former folk high school students. Well-being was operationalized using the capabilities approach. This study found that attending a folk high school contributed to a number of personal, social, and knowledge outcomes and shaped the values and preferences of students by strengthening their existing values and helping them ideate a view of the good life. While attending a folk high school was viewed as one of many influences on well-being later in life, it was found to have an influence via the direct application of learning outcomes, the support and influence of a social network, as an initial spark for one’s career or study path, and as a model of the good life that directed their subsequent choices.
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    Gerhard Munthe's Folktale Tapestries: Designing a Norwegian National Narrative in the Nineteenth Century
    (2014-12) Warren, Erica
    This dissertation contemplates the role of the Norwegian landscape painter and designer Gerhard Munthe (1849-1929) in constructing the Norwegian nation. During the nineteenth century, the production of narratives that trace a progressive trajectory for Norway's history, within historical and decorative arts museums, along with art objects and visual culture, played a major role in constructing, defining, and promoting Norway as an independent, European nation. The Norwegian artist Gerhard Munthe, as a participant in the Paris 1900 World's Fair and through his role as a board member of the Norsk Folkemuseum (Norwegian Folk Museum) and the Kunstindustrimuseet (Museum of Decorative Arts and Design) in Oslo, participated in the nation-building process which effectively manipulated Norway's past as well as criticisms of Norway to construct and promote a modern Norwegian national identity. In their assessments of Munthe's tapestries, nineteenth- and early twentieth-century critics and scholars have noted the national aspects of his designs and some have struggled to note the tapestries place as expressive of national identity, while also noting how they might signal ambivalence towards that identity. The folktales depicted in the tapestries have the potential to negotiate that ambivalence, while also engaging with the larger project to imagine "the people." This larger project includes the efforts of the folklorists Peter Asbjørsen and Jørgen Moe, and philologist Ivar Aasen, who sought to recuperate and document folklore and language. Despite the failings of these projects, they, along with Munthe's tapestries, remain central to the story of Norwegian nationalism. Some contemporary critics seeks to demonstrate Munthe's significance in an art historical context beyond Norway through an investigation of Munthe's work and its engagement with the theories and motifs of the Aesthetic movement, the Arts and Crafts movement, art nouveau, japonisme, and Symbolism. In examining these modern movements and positioning Munthe as engaged with their ideas, it becomes clear that these movements or trends are tied together by certain repetitive narrative threads, including an insistent borrowing and imagining, a focus on craftsmanship, and a repurposing of the historical.
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    Norway - Sustainable horticulture crop production
    (2010-11-28) Hermanson, Lars
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    Orientalist knowledges at the European periphery: Norwegian racial projects, 1970-2005.
    (2010-05) Myrdahl, Eileen Muller
    In this dissertation I examine recent Norwegian racial formations. I argue that whiteness has become an increasingly central aspect of productions of Norwegian national identity. Furthermore, I show that the racializing processes first established in the early 1970s continue to be reproduced and shape Norwegian society today. The dissertation focuses on three disparate but interlinked sites. First, I discuss the experiences of postwar Southern and Eastern European migrants in Norway, based on interviews with 12 migrants. I argue that these migrants are produced as white in a qualitatively different way from non-migrant Norwegians who are seen as white. Furthermore, I suggest that the apparent production of the migrants' children as white and Norwegian shows that Norwegian forms of whiteness are less dependent on tracing descent to Norwegian territory than has previously been suggested. Secondly, I trace the changing discourses of race and migration that culminated in the 1975 "immigration stop" legislation. I argue that at the beginning of the decade Norwegian understandings of immigration were not heavily dependent on constructions of race, but that they became so within a few years. Using close readings of policy documents, the Parliamentary debate on the "immigration stop" and newspaper coverage from the entire period, I show that the development and passing of the legislation was dependent on, and in turn codified, racial constructs that saw some migrants as always already excessively different. Lastly, I argue that imperatives to love-and romance-based marriage that is evident in Norwegian family reunification law constitutes a racial project - one that can be seen as an extension of the processes of racialization that were established in the 1970s. I also suggest that arranged marriages queer in relation to Norwegian heteronormativities. In the conclusion I point both to the continued reiteration of race in Norway, and to forms of opposition to the racial productions that I have discussed. I argue that international perspectives on racial formation provide analytic dexterity that is necessary if Norwegian racializing processes are to be interrupted.
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    Towards a multiculturalism for the 21st century : German and Scandinavian literary perspectives, 1990-2005.
    (2008-08) Karlsson, Elisabeth Helena
    This dissertation is a reading of literary texts from 1990-2005 by four authors of immigrant extraction in Germany and Scandinavia. I ask how these authors engage in both a reality of multiculturalism and a discourse of multiculturalism. The project is organized around the tension in these texts between negative experiences of ethnic and global disadvantage and positive representations of minority identity and cultural mixture. I argue that the four writers-Feridun Zaimoglu (Germany), Bertrand Besigye (Norway), Jonas Hassen Khemiri (Sweden) and Emine Sevgi Özdamar (Germany)-combine in their texts a serious critique of the dominant culture with a playful, critical, often provocative outlook on identity. In light of recent theoretical critiques of the terms "multiculturalism" and "minority", I defend the value of minority perspectives and sensibilities to contemporary German and Scandinavian society, identity and culture. I start my discussion with an analysis of the Kanak identities in two of the Turkish-German Feridun Zaimoglu's texts. I discuss how Zaimoglu's appropriation of the derogatory word for foreigner in Germany serves a critique of a dominant German culture reluctant to embrace its new ethnic minorities. Then I analyze the Ugandan-Norwegian Bertrand Besigye's prose poetry. I show how cultural and racial difference can be used playfully to insert difference into a national identity too narrowly and homogenously defined. In Jonas Hassen Khemiri's texts, I discuss how Khemiri criticizes the ethnic definitions assigned to immigrants by the Swedish majority culture and how he pushes for a more open, cosmopolitan national identity. Engaging with the Turkish-German Emine Sevgi Özdamar's texts, lastly, I examine how the author's conciliatory and humorous attitude toward the reality of multiculturalism potentially fosters cross-cultural identification and more open and generous identities. In the end, I show that a multiculturalism worth defending is one that acknowledges persisting ethnic and racial inequalities and prejudices while it at the same time expands the horizons of our cultural, national and individual identities.
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    The View from the Road: Tourist Routes and the Transformation of Scenic Vision in Western Norway
    (2012-05) Tvedten, Kristian
    This paper explores how Norway’s National Tourist Routes are emblematic of the ways in which scenic landscapes are appropriated and patterned on a historical model of visual distinction. By privileging scenic vision above other interactions, these travel routes profoundly shape our aesthetic responses to the landscape. The paper explores the many dimensions of the Norwegian landscape through readings of travel literature and visual art and the ways in which these cultural forms come have evolved and transformed scenic tourism in Western Norway.
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    Where and why do firms choose to move? Empirical evidence from Norway
    (Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2020) Nilsen, Øyvind Lervik; Tørset, Trude; Díez-Gutiérrez, María; Cherchi, Elisabetta; Andersen, Stig Nyland
    A key goal for many public policies is to increase the competitiveness of local industries and make areas more attractive for firm location and development. However, little is known about firm relocations even though they are of crucial importance in understanding economic development within a region and the effectiveness of the policies proposed. This paper contributes to filling this gap by looking further into the firm relocation process by estimating models for the decision to relocate and to where. The studied area consists of four counties on the western coast of Norway that generate about half of Norway’s traditional exports. Changes in firm relocations for approximately 16,500 firms within this study area are analyzed. In addition, interviews with firms that relocated are also carried out to support the findings from the model. The results indicate that the decision to relocate is influenced by a firm's internal and external characteristics such as agglomeration. The results are relevant for regional planning and development as firms seem to have different preferences regarding what makes a location attractive or not. The results might serve as input in land-use interaction models, where changes in firm location patterns from transport investments are estimated.
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    Which D's are the important ones? The effects of regional location and density on driving distance in Oslo and Stavanger
    (Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2017) Næss, Petter; Cao, Xinyu (Jason); Strand, Arvid
    Based on a study in the Greater Oslo and Greater Stavanger urban areas in Norway, this paper employs quantitative and qualitative research methods to investigate the influences of residential location and neighborhood characteristics on car driving distances. Cross-sectional and quasi-longitudinal analyses show that built environment characteristics — especially the distance from the dwelling to the main city center — influence driving distances in both urban areas. In Stavanger, the impact of inward moving seems to be larger than that of outward moving, possibly reflecting self-selection to the inner city. In the relatively monocentric Greater Oslo, the distance to the city center has a stronger impact on weekday driving than on weekend driving. In the more polycentric Greater Stavanger, where the importance of downtown as a destination for commuting is weaker, the distance to the city center has similar effects on weekday and weekend driving. In Greater Stavanger, distance to the secondary center Sandnes also plays a role although the impact is small. Population density and job density have impacts in Greater Oslo but not in Greater Stavanger, where we instead find a weak effect of local-area job surplus. There is no tendency toward compensatory increased weekend driving among inner-city dwellers in either Greater Oslo or Greater Stavanger.