Between Dec 19, 2024 and Jan 2, 2025, datasets can be submitted to DRUM but will not be processed until after the break. Staff will not be available to answer email during this period, and will not be able to provide DOIs until after Jan 2. If you are in need of a DOI during this period, consider Dryad or OpenICPSR. Submission responses to the UDC may also be delayed during this time.

Browsing by Subject "Motivated behavior"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    An exploratory investigation of the motivation to share on the Web
    (2013-01) Yusufova, Susanna
    A desire to satisfy basic psychological needs underlies any motivated behavior. The primary goal of this study is to explore personal and social motivations for viral sharing. We are also interested in tracing the relationship between the amount of sharing and the escape from boredom (aversive gratification) as well entertainment (attractive gratification). To test the research question and two hypotheses, an online survey was conducted. Then, a series of exploratory factor analysis (EFA) were run in SPSS. A correlation and one-step OLS multiple regression analysis were performed afterwards. The EFA's result revealed 6 major groups of motivations. Boredom is not related to the amount of viral sharing when entertainment is controlled, whereas there is a strong relationship between entertainment and the amount of viral sharing when boredom is controlled. This empirical study may be of interest not only for scholars but also for advertising and marketing professionals.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Investigation of Glutamatergic Circuitry Underlying Copulatory Reward in Female Syrian Hamsters
    (2019-01) Moore, Kelsey
    Sex behavior in female mammals is known to involve rewarding consequences that increase the motivation to copulate. I have utilized female hamsters as a model to examine the underlying circuitry and mechanisms of this natural reward. Despite a wealth of information detailing dopaminergic neurotransmission in this region during sexual behavior, the role of glutamate, although the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain, has been disproportionately understudied. The goal of this dissertation work was to help close this gap in knowledge to further develop an understanding of the complex underpinnings of female sexual reward and motivation. This understanding is vital in the effort towards evidence-based therapeutic targets in the treatment of disorders of sexual desire in women. In order to determine the role of glutamate in signaling the rewarding properties of sex, I utilized a multi-faceted approach. First, through establishing the use of enzymatic biosensing in the lab, I evaluated glutamate release patterning in key reward regions during sexual behavior in the female hamster. I discovered time-locked glutamate transients specifically in the core of the nucleus accumbens (NAc) in response to penile intromission from the male. Next, I sought to uncover the potential source of this glutamate innervation of the NAc. Immunohistochemical and retrograde tracing analyses determined the involvement of excitatory glutamatergic efferents from the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) to the NAc. Then, to determine if mPFC activity was driving the activation of the NAc during female sexual behavior, I employed designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) to selectively inhibit these excitatory mPFC efferents. I demonstrated that this selective inhibition decreases sex-induced activation of the NAc, confirming the importance of the mPFC in driving increased glutamatergic activity in the NAc in response to sexual behavior in the female. The novel findings reported in this body of work demonstrate the involvement of glutamatergic neurotransmission in sexual reward through a prefrontal-accumbal circuit. These are not only exciting additions to the development of a comprehensive model of female sexual reward, but also provide potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Currently there are no effective treatment options for disorders of sexual desire in women and these results provide attractive avenues for pursuing target-specific and clinically-relevant therapies.