Browsing by Subject "Iceland"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Faculty Member Engagement in the Context of Internationalization at Home at the University of Iceland: A Collective Case Study
    (2018-05) Dinger, Casey
    Internationalization at Home (IaH) has been promoted as means to increase international and intercultural education on the home campus. Considering Iceland’s recent increases in immigration, such education is crucial not only for students and members of the academic community, but also for the populations in greater Iceland. This study examines faculty members’ engagement in the practices of IaH at the University of Iceland. Employing a collective case study methodology, this investigation includes multiple streams of data including interviews, documents, photographs and observation to understand the specific practices of IaH and subsequent development that stems from the participants’ engagement. A portrait of adult learning constructed from a variety of learning theories and concepts is used in interpreting growth from practices of IaH. Key findings indicate that participants understand IaH as a project of integrating cultural diversity in the campus community and that their role in IaH centers around fostering awareness of diversity through practices of teaching, research, building and maintaining networks and connecting with Icelandic society. Additionally, participants learn through this engagement, particularly through critical reflection, dialectical thinking and authenticity in teaching. This growth develops a more transformative internationalization for themselves and their institution. The findings are useful in understanding how IaH is enacted and has implications for supporting internationalization of faculty at the University of Iceland.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    A genetic model of pillowed dike and peperite formation interpreted from Pleistocene and Archean volcanogenic sequences
    (2020-01) Drazan, Jacqueline
    Pillowed dikes and associated peperite and volcaniclastic sediments in modern volcanogenic settings in Iceland are used to develop a conceptual framework of the formation of peperite in the context of relative shear strength of magma and host sediment. This model is then applied to an Archean age volcanic system in the Vermilion District of Minnesota, USA, where well-developed peperite is preserved in association with a pillowed dike intruding saturated volcaniclastic sediment. Pillowed dike formation requires a high water/rock ratio and interaction of the magma and wet sediment that can be described as a fuel-coolant system, where magma serves as fuel and the wet sediment or vapor as coolant. Peperite is then formed essentially in-situ by disintegration of magma intruding and mingling with unconsolidated or poorly consolidated, wet sediments. The breakup of parent magma into peperite can happen explosively by steam explosions in the sediment or non-explosively by quench fragmentation. The degree of mixing of the igneous and sedimentary components then depends on the relative viscosity or shear strength of the magma and wet sediment. We define this ratio as the system fluidity parameter(S_f ), where S_f= τ_m/τ_s, the ratio of the shear strength of the magma (τ_m) and sediment (τ_s), respectively. Sf essentially varies from 0 (low system fluidity; case 1) to positive values, up to or even greater than one (high system fluidity; case 2). The conceptual model is bounded by two limiting cases. First, if host sediment has a large shear strength relative to the magma, Sf is small and mixing will be kept to a minimum. In an explosive setting, mixing and peperite formation will occur near the pillowed dike, but large-scale mixing and sediment deformation will be minimal. In non-explosive systems, it is likely that peperite will be confined to a narrow zone near dikes. In either case, dikes appear as well defined tabular or pipe-like bodies with discrete boundaries. In contrast, in cases where sediment strength is similar to magma rheology, Sf approaches unity and magma emplacement will cause extensive deformation of host sediment. Whether explosive or non-explosive, deformation and mixing will occur throughout the magma/sediment system. Magma quenched at conduit margins will be incorporated into host sediment and can be mixed well beyond conduits. Dike margins will be diffuse, and migration and branching of conduits will lead to complex geometries. Pillowed dike and the associated peperite system in the Archean Vermilion district exhibit similarities to Pleistocene peperite deposits in Iceland by both having diffuse, pipe-like magmatic bodies with peperitic margins. Magma/sediment deformation and mixing is extensive, exhibited by deformed magmatic pillows over 10 m away from dike margins. In contrast to Iceland, Archean deposits of northern Minnesota lack preservation of deformed sediment likely due to weathering and deformation.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Iceland - Sustainable horticulture crop production
    (2010-11-28) Weller, David