Browsing by Subject "Horticulture"

Now showing 1 - 13 of 13
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    Comparing Bird Management Tactics for Vineyards and Berry Crops
    (University of Minnesota Extension, 2021) Klodd, Annie; Loegering, John; Clark, Matt
    This article compares existing bird control tactics and emerging technologies for vineyards and berry crops.
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    An economic evaluation of the roots and fruits of intellectual property Rights for U.S. horticultural Plants.
    (2010-05) Drew, Jennifer
    Most prior studies have failed to empirically reveal any significant economic or innovation effects of intellectual property rights for plant products. Perhaps this is because these studies focused on the wrong crops (i.e., wheat, soybeans, and corn) or were unduly circumscribed in the types of intellectual property under consideration (i.e., U.S. plant variety protection and utility patents). This study's focus is on the economic effects of intellectual property rights for horticultural crops in the United States which have garnered the lion's share of the plant protection. Highlighting differences between the horticultural and agricultural sectors, the first part of this study analyzes the roots of intellectual property rights for plants and associated plant markets and their evolution in the United States. This analysis reveals large structural changes in the pattern of intellectual property protection for plants in the United States which reflects advances in plant related science and technologies, market changes, as well as policies and practices affecting plant-related intellectual property. These structural changes include changes in the form of protection being sought—be it plant patents, utility patents, or plant variety protection certificates; the agent (e.g., individuals, firms, universities, or government agencies) seeking protection; and the plant species being protected. Ornamental plants account for a large and growing share of the U.S. plant economy whether measured as a share of property rights issued or the real value of plant products produced. The notable increase in plant patent applications in the horticultural sector in recent years is paralleled by a rapidly growing effort to brand high–valued crops and garner value by protecting of cultivar innovations with other forms of legal protection such as trademarks. The second part of this study focuses on the fruits of intellectual property rights for ornamental plants. Ornamental plants account for much of the intellectual property rights for plants, thus providing a potentially more fertile area in which to examine the price consequences of plant-related intellectual property rights. A large, unique, purpose built data set is used to identify the sources of differences in the wholesale price of ornamental plant varieties. A hedonic pricing model was adapted to the particulars of the ornamental plant sector and the data. The hedonic decomposition of plant prices made it possible to identify varietal price premiums associated with plant patent and trademark attributes. After controlling for a host of plant attributes that affect plant prices, an average price premium of 23 percent was identified for plants protected by plant patents compared with those with no such protection. Likewise, the average value of the trademark premium was 2.5 percent, indicating that the branding value of the name trademark is much lower. Surprisingly, when these two plant intellectual properties were used together on one cultivar, premiums were nearly 7 percent lower than if neither were used, a result which raises questions for further research. The premiums for the plant patent and name trademark vary between different firms and between different species particularly between herbaceous perennial and woody species and specializing firms.
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    FLOWERS FOR POLLINATORS STUDY 2015-2018: RESULTS / Annual flowers that attract pollinators
    (2019) Weisenhorn, Julie E.
    Annual flowers have been a long-time favorite plant for gardens of all kinds. They provide instant color and interest, and are relatively easy to grow. They are also an important part of early season sales for the gardening industry. Annual flowers comprise $1.46 billion of floriculture crops sold in the United States1. The following annual flowers were the most attractive in our 4-year study (2015-2018) of 30+ varieties. Anyone who likes annual flowers and wants to attract pollinators should add these flowers in your garden, containers and raised beds!
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    Growing Asparagus in Minnesota
    (2020-10-20) Klodd, Annie; Hoidal, Natalie; Rosen, Carl; Fritz, Vince; Tong, Cindy; Hutchison, Bill; Hahn, Jeffrey; Modderman, Chryseis; Keaveny, Theresa; Walker, Jason;
    This 24-page guide provides farmers and advanced gardeners with recommendations for growing asparagus in Minnesota. The practices described in this guide aim to support economically and environmentally sustainable asparagus production by Minnesota farmers, and are based in research and farmer experiences. The guide was produced as part of the Premium Minnesota Asparagus project, a collaboration between the Sustainable Farming Association and UMN Extension.
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    Growing Potential: An Analysis of Legal and Policy Barriers Faced by Women in Horticulture in Guatemala, Nepal, Tanzania, & Zambia
    (Hubert H. Humphrey School of Public Affairs, 2013-05-24) Collinson, Erin; Habeel, Nadine; Jawaid, Fatima; Jean, Laura; Williams, Kari
    In 2009 the Horticulture Collaborative Research Support Program (CRSP) at the University of California, Davis was established as part of an effort to reduce rural poverty and chronic malnutrition. Horticulture production provides individuals and families with the opportunity to better their social and economic circumstances through income generation and improved nutrition and health. However, in both agriculture and horticulture women in many developing countries earn lower wages and have access to fewer resources compared to men, despite the fact that women provide much of the labor in these sectors. To support the work of the Horticulture CRSP this report identifies barriers that have the potential to limit the benefits of horticulture production for rural women in four countries: Guatemala, Nepal, Tanzania, and Zambia. This report is divided into two components: a general overview covering broad findings and offering recommendations, and country specific analyses that offer more targeted research and recommendations for each of the study countries.
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    Needs Assessment of Minnesota Fruit and Vegetable Producers
    (2019-11-20) Klodd, Annie; Hoidal, Natalie
    This report summarizes the findings of a needs assessment with commercial fruit and vegetable growers in Minnesota completed over the winter of 2018-2019, as well as a follow-up retreat with individuals representing organizations working with fruit and vegetable research, outreach, and education in the Midwest. Based on the needs assessment and retreat, we have identified priority areas for fruit and vegetable research and education with Minnesota farmers.
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    Pollinators for Food: Planting pollinator attractive annuals with peppers to improve harvest
    (2019-07-20) Weisenhorn, Julie E.; Klodd, Annie; Fritz, Vince; Oelhert, Gary; Meyer, Mary
    It is well-known that many food crops require insect pollination to produce fruit, but what about self-pollinated crops? Would planting bee-attractive flowers near the crops make a difference in the quality and quantity of pepper production? Based on results from Flowers for Pollinators (F4P), a 4-year study that demonstrated annual flowers attract bees and other insect pollinators, Pollinators for Food (P4F) explores whether planting pollinator-attractive annual flowers might improve production and quality of self-fertile crops when planted nearby.
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    Source, Fall 2008
    (University of Minnesota Extension, 2008) University of Minnesota Extension
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    Source, Fall 2011
    (University of Minnesota Extension, 2011) University of Minnesota Extension
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    Source, Spring-Summer 2007
    (University of Minnesota Extension, 2007) University of Minnesota Extension
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    UMN Crookston Horticulture students assist Heritage Village volunteers with landscape design
    (University of Minnesota Crookston, 2022-12-21) University Relations
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    What is a Master Gardener?
    (Journal of Opinions, Ideas & Essays (JOIE), 2021-11-03) Ellis, Lynda
    For those of us who embrace digging holes, weeding, and watering, the Master Gardener program offered through the University of Minnesota Extension Service provides amateur horticulturists a way to learn, teach, and engage the community in gardening. Master Gardeners come from all walks of life and share gardening best practices that promote healthy landscapes, healthy foods and healthy lives. This article is an introduction to master gardening, with a brief history of the national and local programs, description of the steps toward becoming a Master Gardener, and a sampling of local Minnesota county activities.