Browsing by Subject "EID"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Endothelium-independent dilation in children and adolescents
    (2011-08) Marlatt, Kara Lynn
    Peak brachial artery dilation post-nitroglycerin (NTG) administration occurs between 3 and 5-min in adults. The purpose of this study was to identify the time to peak dilation response to sublingual NTG (0.3 mg) in youth. Endothelium-independent dilation (EID) was measured in 198 healthy (113 males, 85 females) youth (6-18 yrs) via ultrasound imaging of the brachial artery following NTG administration up to 5-min. Time to peak EID was 4-min, 28-sec, following NTG administration. There was a significant (p<0.001) difference post-NTG at the 3 vs. 4-min, 4 vs. 5-min, and 3 vs. 5-min time points. Peak EID (males: 24.8 + 0.5 vs. females: 25.3 + 0.6 %, p=0.6) was not significantly different between genders after adjusting for baseline brachial diameter. Endothelium-independent dilation was measured up to 8-min in a small sub-group of 20 youth (12 males, 8 females), resulting in a time to peak dilation of 4-min, 24-sec, and an average change in peak dilation of 23.8 + 1.2 %. No significant difference existed beyond the 4-min time point within the small sub-group. In conclusion, peak response to NTG administration occurred between 4 and 5-min. The results demonstrate the importance of measuring EID up to 5-min post-nitroglycerin administration in youth.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Role of Gender, Age, Pubertal Status and Adiposity on Endothelium-Independent Dilation in Children and Adolescents
    (2015-05) Zavala, Hanan
    This study examined how gender, age, pubertal status, and obesity influence endothelium-independent dilation (EID) in youth. Three hundred twenty-two healthy youth (142 females), aged 9 to 18 years (mean±SEM, age=14.1±0.14years) were included. The change in brachial artery diameter following administration of 0.3mg of sublingual nitroglycerin was measured using conventional ultrasound scanner. Multiple linear regression models were created using the predictors gender, age, BMI-percentile, percent body fat and baseline diameter. Differences between gender, pubertal status and BMI category was conducted using one-way ANOVA. Females had higher EID-area under the curve (EID-AUC) compared to males (p=0.012) but not EID% (p=0.112). Age was a significant predictor of EID% (p=0.04) and EID-AUC (p=0.02) in females but not males. No differences in EID% or EID-AUC were observed across Tanner stage or BMI category. These data suggest that gender differences in EID are apparent early in life, with aging-related changes observable in females, but not males.