Browsing by Subject "Computer industry -- France"

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8
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    Oral history interview with Gérard Le Lann by Andrew L. Russell
    (Charles Babbage Institute, 2012-04-03) Le Lann, Gérard
    Gérard Le Lann describes his first experiences with computers in the 1960s, and his work on the Cyclades project in France and the Arpanet in the United States in the 1970s. He explains how the field of distributed computing came into being in the 1970s, the conflict between the respective advocates of “datagrams” and “virtual circuits,” and his collaboration with Vint Cerf and Arpanet designers at Stanford University. The interview concludes with some reflections on the management of innovation in France and the United States. This set of nine interviews conducted with Tilly Bayard-Richard, Najah Naffah, Louis Pouzin, Marc E. Levilion, Michel Gien, Jean-Louis Grangé, Gérard Le Lann, Rémi Després, and André Danthine was funded by the ACM History Committee with a fellowship on “European Contributions to Computer Networks: An Oral History Project.”
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    Oral history interview with Jean-Louis Grangé by Andrew L. Russell
    (Charles Babbage Institute, 2012-04-03) Grangé, Jean-Louis
    Jean-Louis Grangé explains how he began working with computers in the 1960s and 1970s, and how he worked with Louis Pouzin on projects in the French weather bureau, automobile industry, and the Cyclades project at the Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Automatique. With Cyclades, Grangé was in charge of the “Cigale” datagram packet-switching network. He reflects upon his interactions with engineers within Cyclades, engineers in the French Ministry of Telecommunication, as well as with engineers in the United States working on the Arpanet. This set of nine interviews conducted with Tilly Bayard-Richard, Najah Naffah, Louis Pouzin, Marc E. Levilion, Michel Gien, Jean-Louis Grangé, Gérard Le Lann, Rémi Després, and André Danthine was funded by the ACM History Committee with a fellowship on “European Contributions to Computer Networks: An Oral History Project.”
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    Oral history interview with Louis Pouzin by Andrew L. Russell
    (Charles Babbage Institute, 2012-04-02) Pouzin, Louis
    Louis Pouzin reflects upon his career in computing, and particularly his experience as the director of the Cyclades datagram packet-switching research project in the 1970s. Pouzin describes his experiences working in French companies such as Bull and Simca, the French weather bureau, and his time at MIT in the early 1960s. He explains the origins of the Cyclades project, the creation of a harmonious team of workers, their interactions with French, British, and American counterparts, and the political factors behind the eventual demise of Cyclades in the late 1970s. Finally, he reflects on his career after Cyclades, including standardization projects at CNET and the awards that he has received for his contributions to computer networking. This set of nine interviews conducted with Tilly Bayard-Richard, Najah Naffah, Louis Pouzin, Marc E. Levilion, Michel Gien, Jean-Louis Grangé, Gérard Le Lann, Rémi Després, and André Danthine was funded by the ACM History Committee with a fellowship on “European Contributions to Computer Networks: An Oral History Project.”
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    Oral history interview with Marc E. Levilion by Andrew L. Russell
    (Charles Babbage Institute, 2012-04-02) Levilion, Marc E.
    French computer engineer Marc Levilion reflects upon his career with computers and computer networking that spanned from the 1950s to the 1990s. Levilion describes his 33-year employment with IBM France, where he worked on projects at the intersection of computing and telecommunications including error-detection and correction codes, IBM digital Private Branch Exchanges, IBM’s Systems Network Architecture (SNA), and IBM contributions to the X.21 and X.25 international standards. Levilion describes the relationship between IBM facilities in La Gaude, France and Raleigh, North Carolina; compares the networking concepts behind SNA, X.21, and X.25 to the concepts deployed in the Arpanet and by Louis Pouzin in Cyclades; and explains IBM’s global standards strategy and IBM’s involvement with French standards committees, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), the European Computer Manufacturers’ Association, and the Comité Consultatif International Téléphonique et Télégraphique. Levilion reflects on his participation in Open Systems Interconnection in various roles: as IBM France representative to committees in Association Française de Normalisation (AFNOR), as head of the AFNOR delegation to ISO, and as convenor of the OSI architecture Working Group. This set of nine interviews conducted with Tilly Bayard-Richard, Najah Naffah, Louis Pouzin, Marc E. Levilion, Michel Gien, Jean-Louis Grangé, Gérard Le Lann, Rémi Després, and André Danthine was funded by the ACM History Committee with a fellowship on “European Contributions to Computer Networks: An Oral History Project.”
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    Oral history interview with Michel Gien by Andrew L. Russell
    (Charles Babbage Institute, 2012-04-03) Gien, Michel
    Michel Gien describes his education with computing, his decision to join the Cyclades project under Louis Pouzin, and his subsequent career in networking and operating systems. Gien collaborated on a number of French, European, and international projects such as the European Informatics Network, the International Network Working Group, and Open Systems Interconnection. He reflects on his work in the private sector with Chorus Systems, and on the challenges of developing a culture of entrepreneurship in France. This set of nine interviews conducted with Tilly Bayard-Richard, Najah Naffah, Louis Pouzin, Marc E. Levilion, Michel Gien, Jean-Louis Grangé, Gérard Le Lann, Rémi Després, and André Danthine was funded by the ACM History Committee with a fellowship on “European Contributions to Computer Networks: An Oral History Project.”
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    Oral history interview with Najah Naffah by Andrew L. Russell
    (Charles Babbage Institute, 2012-04-02) Naffah, Najah
    In this interview, Najah Naffah describes his experience working under Louis Pouzin on the Cyclades project in France in the 1970s. His work on terminal applications with Cyclades led to subsequent projects in the private sector with Bull, Sabre Technology, and EDS. Naffah led teams that developed distributed office systems and multimedia projects, and shares his perspective from a career of innovation and business in computing and information technology. This set of nine interviews conducted with Tilly Bayard-Richard, Najah Naffah, Louis Pouzin, Marc E. Levilion, Michel Gien, Jean-Louis Grangé, Gérard Le Lann, Rémi Després, and André Danthine was funded by the ACM History Committee with a fellowship on “European Contributions to Computer Networks: An Oral History Project.”
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    Oral history interview with Rémi Després by Valérie Schafer
    (Charles Babbage Institute, 2012-05-16) Després, Rémi
    In this interview, Rémi Després, who was the main architect of the Transpac network, describes the context in which the first packet-switching networks began in France in the 70’s. He also describes his role in European data networking history and the birth of the X.25 recommendation at CCITT in 1976. This set of nine interviews conducted with Tilly Bayard-Richard, Najah Naffah, Louis Pouzin, Marc E. Levilion, Michel Gien, Jean-Louis Grangé, Gérard Le Lann, Rémi Després, and André Danthine was funded by the ACM History Committee with a fellowship on “European Contributions to Computer Networks: An Oral History Project.”
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    Oral history interview with Tilly Bayard-Richard by Andrew L. Russell
    (Charles Babbage Institute, 2012-04-01) Bayard-Richard, Tilly
    Tilly Bayard-Richard reflects on her career in computer standards as secretary for standards committees in AFNOR (Association Française de Normalisation) and ISO (International Organization for Standardization). She describes the various forms of labor involved in the administration of standards committees, and her working relationship with leaders of the ISO committees creating standards for Open Systems Interconnection, including her long-time supervisor Hubert Zimmerman. She also reflects on her career in information documentation and on the role of women in standards-setting work. This set of nine interviews conducted with Tilly Bayard-Richard, Najah Naffah, Louis Pouzin, Marc E. Levilion, Michel Gien, Jean-Louis Grangé, Gérard Le Lann, Rémi Després, and André Danthine was funded by the ACM History Committee with a fellowship on “European Contributions to Computer Networks: An Oral History Project.”