Browsing by Subject "COVID-19"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 45
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    Air travel data during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States
    (2020-11-25) Shang, Mingfeng; Pham, Joseph; Vrabac, Damir; Butler, Brooks; Paré, Philip E; Stern, Raphael; rstern@umn.edu; Stern, Raphael; University of Minnesota Transportation Cyber-Physical Systems Lab
    This dataset contains flight data for all commercial flights in the Northeastern US during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as code to calibrate and simulate an SEIR model that incorporates the flight data into the transmission process.
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    AirTAP Briefings (Summer 2020, vol. 20, no. 3)
    (Airport Technical Assistance Program (AirTAP) (Center for Transportation Studies, University of Minnesota), 2020) Airport Technical Assistance Program (AirTAP)
    Articles include: Coronavirus creates changes, slowdowns for state's airports; MSP takes hit from pandemic, while relievers fare slightly better; An airport's story: Roseau Municipal Airport; Resources and training opportunities
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    Analyzing Trust in Carceral Healthcare Settings: COVID-19 and Vaccination
    (2023) Balma, Brandon, W; Shlafer, Rebecca; Osman, Ingie; Muentner, Luke
    Since March 2020, there have been over 630,000 cases of COVID-19 in correctional facilities in the United States. During the pandemic, policies set by the Department of Corrections mitigated the effect of COVID-19 among incarcerated populations through decarceration and limiting interaction inside the correctional facility. Correctional facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic were unable to fully shut down due to political and practical challenges, which created inequities among who can and cannot quarantine and isolate in the United States. Dealing with the reality of these challenges, prison policies legitimized suspensions of prison programming, treatment, and family and legal visitation through promises of a facility free of COVID-19 in the future. In addition, incarcerated people were isolated and often sent to solitary confinement if they tested positive for COVID-19. To emphasize the importance of trusted sources of COVID-19 vaccine information among incarcerated populations, I conducted a quantitative analysis and literature review about the criminal justice system’s role in healthcare delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic and its implications for strengthening trust among incarcerated populations. The University of Minnesota Center for Preventative Research conducted a survey among 1,372 incarcerated people in Minnesota Correctional Facilities. The study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and aimed to capture the perspectives of incarcerated people regarding COVID-19 vaccination. My results demonstrate that increased trust in correctional healthcare, community healthcare, and peer-support models significantly increases the probability of receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, with trust in correctional healthcare having the most significant impact. Women and Native Americans were significantly more likely to report trusting health information from healthcare on the outside, while Non-Hispanic Blacks and Latinos were significantly more likely to report trusting health information from healthcare on the inside. The results of this study are essential to strengthen the correctional healthcare system and guide future pandemic policy and practice.
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    Anti-Asian Racism and the Critical Identity Development of Asian American College Students During COVID-19
    (2024-05) Boey, Leslie
    Asian Americans have long been targeted and blamed for problems in social, political, and educational realms. During the COVID-19 pandemic, this racial bigotry contributed to hostile environments for Asian American college students. While previous research has discussed the negative impacts of racism on this population, my study explores how Asian American students understood themselves in relation to racism. Specifically, I investigate how racial identity is shaped by social relationships, college environments, and sociopolitical contexts. With an anti-oppressive approach in mind, I used narrative inquiry guided by Museus and Iftikar’s (2013) Asian Critical Theory to center students’ lived experiences and voices throughout this research. Twelve Asian American college students from the University of Minnesota-Twin Cities participated in two interviews, which were used as primary data sources for this study. The findings are presented in two components—written student narratives and thematic results—that portray the diversity and commonalities among participants’ racial identity journeys during the early 2020s. These stories and thematic findings demonstrate Asian American college students’ intimate experiences of race and identity that are interconnected with multiple dimensions of oppression in students’ lives. This study reveals that Asian American college students negotiated their racial identities through dimensions of language, hypervisibility, race-based education, social relationships, and cross-racial dynamics. The findings of this research affirm the need to deeply recognize Asian Americans’ racial experiences, especially as it pertains to identity labels, racial violence, and tensions with the model minority myth. From these findings, I recommend that researchers, professionals, students, and non-academics alike embrace the power of storytelling in their lives and work to make Asian Americans visible in the conversation on race.
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    Climate Change, the COVID-19 Pandemic, and Environmental Injustice: Understanding the Root Causes and Interactions
    (2021-07-28) Izar Helfenstein Fonseca, Luisa
    The following article outlines the findings of a University of Minnesota Undergraduate Research Program whose purpose was to determine the connections and intersections between three of the biggest threats to human health today, climate change, the COVID-19 pandemic, and environmental injustice. A thorough review of the relevant literature on the three topics was made and the data and information gathered were analyzed. The objective was to find the common threads between the three topics of interest. The findings show that climate change and its effects, such as extreme weather events and air pollution, are harmful to human health and disproportionately impact marginalized communities throughout the world. They are also connected to the emergence and spread of new and old infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, which once again impact poor neighborhoods and communities of color far more intensely, exacerbating social and racial segregation and contributing to the rise in deaths and poverty among these populations. Addressing the three crises in an integrated manner and with government support will be crucial to fighting climate change and offering help to the populations most in need.
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    A Comparison of Mental Health in the United States and Morocco: A Literature Review and Summary of Responses by Students
    (2021-05) Adamek, Andrew J
    This review article is based on a partnership between the University of Minnesota and the Hassan II University Hospital Center in a virtual internship. I have compiled my experiences, the experiences of a surgeon in Morocco, studies on mental health in both countries, and two questionnaires that were completed by students in both countries into a report of the differences and similarities in mental health in the two countries and recommendations for improvement for each. We have found that, there is a similar rate of burnout of physicians in the two countries, around 40%, the rate of mental health conditions is higher in Morocco, at 48.9%, than the United States, at 20.6%, and that there are more barriers to accessing mental health care in Morocco for many complex reasons, for example less funding for psychological units and a culture of mental health stigmatization. Based on these results, we recommend that for Morocco, it is essential to create a strong and national system to combat the stigma of mental health conditions and increase access to mental health resources, which may lead to more psychological units for students in schools and more psychologists in hospitals on-site for psychological assessments on demand that will be needed when the stigma around mental health is reduced. For the United States, we recommend that even more resources are necessary for mental health, considering the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and, when safe, for students to return to in-person classes, as students indicate many difficulties with online learning during COVID-19.
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    COVID-19 among High-risk Working Populations in Vietnam
    (2024) Pham, Mai
    With nearly eight hundred million cases and seven million lives lost globally, COVID-19 is the deadliest pandemic in history, imposing significantly physical and mental health burdens. Among populations, migrants and healthcare workers face the highest infection risk and suffer heavy impacts. In Vietnam there has been a scarcity of studies on infection, reinfection, risk factors, and the consequences of COVID-19 among such high-risk working populations. This dissertation, comprising three chapters, aims to address this gap in literature. Chapter 1, “Effect of Migration Status on Severity and Hospital Stay Length of COVID-19 Patients in Vietnam: A Health Surveillance Study during the Fourth Wave”, used hospital-based COVID-19 surveillance data at a district health center in Bac Ninh province. This study found that migration status was associated with severity levels among patients with non-migrants experiencing a higher proportion of moderate and severe symptoms, longer hospital stay compared to migrants. Age, gender, total vaccine doses received, and the interval between the last dose and hospital admission were associated with extended hospitalizations in both groups. Chapter 2, “COVID-19 Reinfection and Work Environment Factors Among Healthcare Workers in Vietnam'' utilized data from a prospective cohort study, following 875 healthcare workers in Bac Ninh and Nghe An provinces. A reinfection rate of 1.11 cases per 1000 person-days was observed. We found healthcare workers who used all preventive measures in medical settings had an increased risk of reinfection, which may reflect more exposure to infected patients. Using all prevention measures in the community and having recommended prevention resources available in hospitals reduced the risk. The risk was lower among females, older individuals, and nurses, but higher among unvaccinated or partially vaccinated individuals. Finally, Chapter 3 “Facing the Frontlines: COVID-19 Risk Perception and Mental Health of Vietnamese Medical Students” analyzed data from the survey with 304 Hanoi Medical University students who were mobilized to assist frontline public health responses. Results showed 16.1% of students having depression, 23% having anxiety and 16.1% having stress symptoms. Nearly half of students had high scores for the risk perception of COVID-19. The study identified a positive association between the risk perception score and depression, anxiety, and stress score. These findings highlight the need for prevention strategies such as tailored vaccination campaigns considering migration status, health promotion activities to encourage consistent use of prevention measures in community. Furthermore, providing counselling services for healthcare workers with mental health symptoms is crucial for an effective public health response.
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    COVID-19 Concerns among Physicians who treat cancer survey in the United States, Cross-sectional study March/April 2020
    (2020-09-24) Vogel, Rachel I; Thomaier, Lauren; Lou, Emil; Teoh, Deanna; Jewett, Patricia; Beckwith, Heather; Parsons, Helen; Yuan, Jianling; Blaes, Anne H; Hui, Jane YC; isak0023@umn.edu; Vogel, Rachel I.
    Cross-sectional anonymous online survey among physicians treating individuals with cancer in the United States during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic (March 27, 2020 – April 10, 2020). Recruitment: Snowball convenience sampling through social media (Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn). Eligibility criteria: ≥18 years, able to read/write in English, and being a physician (MD or DO) currently residing and providing cancer treatment in the United States. Data collected and stored in REDCap.
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    COVID-19 Contact Tracing News Environment in Minnesota
    (2021) Pinaula-Toves, Alanalyn N; Adabor, Maame Amma; Korthas, Jennifer M; Kinzer, Hannah T
    The uncertain and rapidly evolving nature of the COVID-19 pandemic has much of the world relying on news outlets for the latest public health information. The content of articles published by these news outlets may therefore have widespread and significant implications on public opinions, beliefs, and behaviors. This cross-sectional content analysis examined 630 unique news articles published in Minnesota, comparing message content from mainstream news outlets to that of local "ethnic" news outlets. The results of the study indicate that inclusion of contact tracing information may vary by news outlet type, and that positive framing was significantly higher in local "ethnic" news articles compared to mainstream articles.
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    COVID-19 Implications on Public Transportation: Understanding Post-Pandemic Transportation Needs, Behaviors, and Experiences
    (Center for Transportation Studies, University of Minnesota, 2022-11) Fan, Yingling; Becker, Andrew; Ryan, Galen; Wolfson, Julian
    The COVID-19 pandemic and widespread social distancing measures have dramatically reduced public transit ridership, leaving transit agencies with massive revenue shortfalls, and it is still unclear how long it will take for transit to recover and whether transit will emerge fundamentally transformed for better or worse after the pandemic. This research collected first-hand data on people's post-pandemic travel behavior decision-making process in the Twin Cities metropolitan region between March and June 2021. Participants were recruited through various forms of digital marketing tools such as a website, social media, emails, and online videos. Of the 339 participants who were enrolled in the study, 154 (45%) used a smartphone app to capture daily transportation needs, behaviors, and experiences for two consecutive weeks. The data provided insights into how the COVID-19 pandemic has shaped people?s attitudes, perceptions, and decisions toward various transportation services, including public transportation, and how the mobility impacts of COVID-19 differ by individual socio-demographics and trip environments. Results from this research will help transportation planners identify innovative and sensible ways to effectively promote the use of public transportation in the post-pandemic era.
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    COVID-19 Pandemic: Business Continuity Checklist
    (2020) Bhattacharyya, Rani
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    COVID-19 Response: The Role of Dairy Farmers in Minnesota’s Rural Economy
    (2020) Hadrich, Joleen; Roberts, Megan; Tuck, Brigid
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    COVID‐19 Response: The Role of Hog Farmers in Minnesota’s Rural Economy
    (2020) Hadrich, Joleen; Roberts, Megan; Tuck, Brigid
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    COVID‐19 Response: The Role of Poultry Farmers in Minnesota’s Rural Economy
    (2020) Hadrich, Joleen; Roberts, Megan; Tuck, Brigid
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    Data for Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) in wastewater influent and effluent collected throughout the COVID-19 pandemic
    (2024-01-08) Mahony, Anna K; McNamara, Patrick J; Arnold, William A; mahon445@umn.edu; Mahony, Anna K; University of Minnesota Environmental Engineering Arnold Lab
    The dataset contains the concentrations of quaternary ammonium compounds detected in influent and effluent wastewater, as well as absolute recoveries of QACs spiked into influents and effluents, and absolute recoveries of isotopically labeled surrogate standards, spiked into all samples. After extraction from wastewater, samples are analyzed on a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), specifically a triple quadrupole mass spec. Raw data from this instrument is provided as well, in the "Raw QQQ data" tab.
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    Economic Impacts of COVID-19: Southeast Minnesota
    (2021) Tuck, Brigid; Hawkins, Jennifer; King, Eric
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    The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Early Childhood Mental Health and Mental Health Service Utilization in a Clinical Sample
    (2023-05) Marsolek, Marissa Kate
    The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on young children’s mental health and their engagement in mental health services. Previous research investigating the impact of COVID-19 on children’s mental health and their utilization of mental health services has rarely included children under 5 years of age thus far, and studies that have included this age range have not made this age group the main focus. Children, especially young children, rely on their caregivers to know how to cope and how they should feel during stressful events (Silverman & La Greca, 2002). Therefore, the first aim of this study was to examine how the COVID-19 pandemic and the caregiver-child relationship impacted children’s mental health symptoms. The second aim of the study was to investigate the impact of COVID-19 and the child’s symptom presentation on families’ engagement and attendance in mental health treatment. Data were collected on children aged 0 to 5 years old (N = 343) from January 2017 to April 2022 by using archival medical records in collaboration with a local community mental health organization. Results found that the caregiver-child relationship had a significant impact on clinically significant mental health symptoms in children, regardless of whether the data was collected before or after COVID-19 began. It also found that both caregivers and children were rated as less engaged after the pandemic began if the child was experiencing externalizing symptoms. Further, the results displayed that children received less therapy sessions after the pandemic began, and that families received a similar number of overall services in both time periods regardless of symptom presentation.
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    EMS Provider Mental Health During COVID-19: A Pandemic Within a Pandemic
    (Clarion Events, 2021-08-10) Shekhar, Aditya C
    Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to worsening mental health across many facets of society. Due to their proximity to the pandemic, in-hospital and prehospital providers have been especially affected. Methods: A survey designed to examine EMS provider mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic was shared through social media and through word-of-mouth. A total of 122 respondents – with an average of 16 years of experience in EMS – took the survey. Results: Survey responses indicated alarming deteriorations in EMS provider mental health took place during the COVID-19 pandemic. Respondents reported: 1) significant policy and guideline alterations have negatively impacted job performance and satisfaction; 2) decreases in agency morale; 3) increased stress; 4) worse mental health when compared with non-pandemic times; and 5) increases in hostility/aggression, loneliness and sadness, and weight gain coinciding with decreases in exercise. Important results worth highlighting include: 84.6% of respondents indicated morale within their agency has decreased; 88% of respondents reported feeling slightly or significantly more stressed when compared with non-pandemic times; 70.9% of respondents reported their mental health is either slightly or significantly worse when compared with non-pandemic times; and 33.3% of respondents reported starting to think about changing careers due to the pandemic. Conclusions: Our data emphasize the toll the pandemic has taken on EMS providers nationwide. In the immediate term, EMS agencies and leaders should consider ways to improve morale and provider mental health as the pandemic reaches its final stages and during the post-pandemic period. Second, planning and care should take place to prevent similar deteriorations in mental health from taking place during future large-scale events that tax the EMS system.